Question 1

During the last 50 years, Japanese formal organizations have differed from those in the United States by being

Accepted Answer

A) less efficient. 
B) less profitable. 
C) more collective in their orientation. 
D) more hierarchical. 
A) less efficient. 
B) less profitable. 
C) more collective in their orientation. 
D) more hierarchical. C

Question 2

Read the list of traits below.Which of these traits is NOT a characteristic of secondary groups?

Accepted Answer

A) large size 
B) members have weak emotional ties 
C) members have a personal orientation 
D) often short-term duration 
A) large size 
B) members have weak emotional ties 
C) members have a personal orientation 
D) often short-term duration C

Question 3

Formal organizations are

Accepted Answer

A) small groups with elected leaders. 
B) large secondary groups with a goal orientation. 
C) networks that have many members. 
D) only agencies that are part of the government. 
A) small groups with elected leaders. 
B) large secondary groups with a goal orientation. 
C) networks that have many members. 
D) only agencies that are part of the government. B

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a way in which today's U.S.business organizations differ from those a century ago?

Accepted Answer

A) Today, there is more creative autonomy. 
B) Today, we find more use of competitive work teams. 
C) Today's organizations have a steeper pyramid shape. 
D) Today's organizations have more flexibility. 
A) Today, there is more creative autonomy. 
B) Today, we find more use of competitive work teams. 
C) Today's organizations have a steeper pyramid shape. 
D) Today's organizations have more flexibility.

Question 5

Milgram's experiment showed that people are easily influenced by both "ordinary people" and legitimate authority figures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Explain the "opposing trends" that are shaping the future of organizations in the United States.Why are workers in some large organizations rewarded for developing their creativity and imagination, whereas those in other organizations are prevented from doing anything other than what they are told?

Accepted Answer

The opposing trends shaping the future o

Question 7

In the "iron law of oligarchy," Robert Michels stated that bureaucracy always means

Accepted Answer

A) inefficiency. 
B) the few rule the many. 
C) formal rules and regulations. 
D) alienation. 
A) inefficiency. 
B) the few rule the many. 
C) formal rules and regulations. 
D) alienation.

Question 8

The scientific management approach was developed by

Accepted Answer

A) Frederick Taylor. 
B) Robert Merton. 
C) Robert Michels. 
D) Rosabeth Moss Kanter. 
A) Frederick Taylor. 
B) Robert Merton. 
C) Robert Michels. 
D) Rosabeth Moss Kanter.

Question 9

Discuss the "McDonaldization" of society thesis.What, exactly, does this phrase mean? How might this thesis, assuming it is correct, affect your own life in college and after?

Accepted Answer

The "McDonaldization" of society thesis,

Question 10

Which of the following statements is consistent with the findings of Solomon Asch?

Accepted Answer

A) Many people are willing to compromise their own judgment to avoid being seen as different by others. 
B) Many people have weak self-images and seek social approval. 
C) Ordinary people are often not truthful to people who are in power. 
D) All of these are correct. 
A) Many people are willing to compromise their own judgment to avoid being seen as different by others. 
B) Many people have weak self-images and seek social approval. 
C) Ordinary people are often not truthful to people who are in power. 
D) All of these are correct.

Question 11

A temporary, loosely formed collection of people who may or may not interact is a

Accepted Answer

A) crowd. 
B) group. 
C) category. 
D) population. 
A) crowd. 
B) group. 
C) category. 
D) population.

Question 12

Typically, the people with the largest social networks are young, well educated, and live in big cities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of these concepts was used by Robert Michels to refer to the rule of the many by the few?

Accepted Answer

A) bureaucracy 
B) formal organization 
C) oligarchy 
D) authoritarian leadership 
A) bureaucracy 
B) formal organization 
C) oligarchy 
D) authoritarian leadership

Question 14

Charles Cooley referred to a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships as

Accepted Answer

A) an instrumental group. 
B) an expressive group. 
C) a primary group. 
D) a secondary group. 
A) an instrumental group. 
B) an expressive group. 
C) a primary group. 
D) a secondary group.

Question 15

Read the four statements below.Which of them is NOT evidence of the process called the "McDonaldization" of society?

Accepted Answer

A) Bank tellers are being replaced with automatic teller machines (ATMs). 
B) People shop in carefully designed, climate-controlled malls. 
C) Colleges select students in terms of applicants' grades and test scores. 
D) Many new jobs demand creativity and imagination. 
A) Bank tellers are being replaced with automatic teller machines (ATMs). 
B) People shop in carefully designed, climate-controlled malls. 
C) Colleges select students in terms of applicants' grades and test scores. 
D) Many new jobs demand creativity and imagination.

Question 16

In general, which of the following categories of people are "well connected" in terms of social networks?

Accepted Answer

A) young people 
B) well-educated people 
C) people living in cities 
D) All of these are correct. 
A) young people 
B) well-educated people 
C) people living in cities 
D) All of these are correct.

Question 17

What is the correct sociological term for all people with a common status, such as "college students"?

Accepted Answer

A) a crowd 
B) a group 
C) a category 
D) a network 
A) a crowd 
B) a group 
C) a category 
D) a network

Question 18

Simmel referred to a group of three as a dyad.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Think about the process of McDonaldization.Looking at the list below, which one of the traits is NOT linked to McDonaldization?

Accepted Answer

A) efficiency 
B) creativity 
C) ability to calculate results 
D) control through automation 
A) efficiency 
B) creativity 
C) ability to calculate results 
D) control through automation

Question 20

A social network is really a web of weak social ties.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Groups and Organizations

During the last 50 years, Japanese formal organizations have differed from those in the United States by being

Read the list of traits below.Which of these traits is NOT a characteristic of secondary groups?

Formal organizations are

Which of the following is NOT a way in which today's U.S.business organizations differ from those a century ago?

Milgram's experiment showed that people are easily influenced by both "ordinary people" and legitimate authority figures.

Explain the "opposing trends" that are shaping the future of organizations in the United States.Why are workers in some large organizations rewarded for developing their creativity and imagination, whereas those in other organizations are prevented from doing anything other than what they are told?

In the "iron law of oligarchy," Robert Michels stated that bureaucracy always means

The scientific management approach was developed by

Discuss the "McDonaldization" of society thesis.What, exactly, does this phrase mean? How might this thesis, assuming it is correct, affect your own life in college and after?

Which of the following statements is consistent with the findings of Solomon Asch?

A temporary, loosely formed collection of people who may or may not interact is a

Typically, the people with the largest social networks are young, well educated, and live in big cities.

Which of these concepts was used by Robert Michels to refer to the rule of the many by the few?

Charles Cooley referred to a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships as

Read the four statements below.Which of them is NOT evidence of the process called the "McDonaldization" of society?

In general, which of the following categories of people are "well connected" in terms of social networks?

What is the correct sociological term for all people with a common status, such as "college students"?

Simmel referred to a group of three as a dyad.

Think about the process of McDonaldization.Looking at the list below, which one of the traits is NOT linked to McDonaldization?

A social network is really a web of weak social ties.

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