Question 1

Organized crime refers to supplying legal goods and services at below market prices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among

Accepted Answer

A) high-income males. 
B) middle-class men and women. 
C) low-income youths. 
D) all class levels. 
A) high-income males. 
B) middle-class men and women. 
C) low-income youths. 
D) all class levels.

Question 3

According to the social-conflict approach, deviance has a number of functions for the operation of society as a whole.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Read the four statements below.Which comes closest to the correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes?

Accepted Answer

A) Males with certain body types commit the most serious crimes. 
B) Lombroso proved a century ago that biological factors are the major cause of crime. 
C) Biological factors may have a real but small effect in causing some people to commit crimes. 
D) Genetics research has succeeded in explaining most criminality. 
A) Males with certain body types commit the most serious crimes. 
B) Lombroso proved a century ago that biological factors are the major cause of crime. 
C) Biological factors may have a real but small effect in causing some people to commit crimes. 
D) Genetics research has succeeded in explaining most criminality.

Question 5

Because there are several hundred people in the United States for every police officer, police

Accepted Answer

A) ignore most crimes they learn about. 
B) work, on average, many more hours than other workers. 
C) cannot take time to ensure due process for most suspects. 
D) use discretion in deciding which situations warrant their attention. 
A) ignore most crimes they learn about. 
B) work, on average, many more hours than other workers. 
C) cannot take time to ensure due process for most suspects. 
D) use discretion in deciding which situations warrant their attention.

Question 6

Cesare Lombroso, an Italian physician and criminologist, claimed that most criminals were people who had been mistreated by society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Every society tries to regulate the behavior of individuals; this general process is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) neighborhood watch 
B) self control 
C) social control 
D) the legal system 
A) neighborhood watch 
B) self control 
C) social control 
D) the legal system

Question 8

Explain how age, gender, and social class are correlated with official arrest data.

Accepted Answer

Age, gender, and social class are correl

Question 9

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing, the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) deterrence 
B) retribution 
C) social protection 
D) rehabilitation 
A) deterrence 
B) retribution 
C) social protection 
D) rehabilitation

Question 10

The United States is the only Western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that

Accepted Answer

A) deviance is only what people label as deviant. 
B) most people in the United States will become insane for some period during their lives. 
C) mental illness is a myth so that "insanity" is only "differences" that bother other people. 
D) our society does not do nearly enough to treat the mentally ill. 
A) deviance is only what people label as deviant. 
B) most people in the United States will become insane for some period during their lives. 
C) mental illness is a myth so that "insanity" is only "differences" that bother other people. 
D) our society does not do nearly enough to treat the mentally ill.

Question 12

The United States is the only western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What concept did Erving Goffman use to refer to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity?

Accepted Answer

A) a deviant ritual 
B) a degradation ceremony 
C) a secondary identity 
D) stigma 
A) a deviant ritual 
B) a degradation ceremony 
C) a secondary identity 
D) stigma

Question 14

Describe the labeling theory of deviance.What basic insight about deviance is offered by this approach? How does labeling figure into the difference between primary deviance and secondary deviance? What is the importance of stigma in labeling analysis?

Accepted Answer

The labeling theory of deviance suggests

Question 15

What is criminal recidivism? Why do you think our society has such a high rate of recidivism?

Accepted Answer

Criminal recidivism refers to the tenden

Question 16

"Crimes against the person" includes all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) murder 
B) aggravated assault 
C) burglary 
D) forcible rape 
A) murder 
B) aggravated assault 
C) burglary 
D) forcible rape

Question 17

Every person charged with a crime in the United States is sentenced after receiving a trial by jury.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Assume you were listening to a lecture on Durkheim's approach to deviance.Which of the following statements might well be the focus of the lecture?

Accepted Answer

A) Deviance is a normal element of social organization. 
B) Deviance is a dysfunctional element of social organization. 
C) Deviance is less common in modern societies. 
D) Deviance is defined by the rich and used against the poor. 
A) Deviance is a normal element of social organization. 
B) Deviance is a dysfunctional element of social organization. 
C) Deviance is less common in modern societies. 
D) Deviance is defined by the rich and used against the poor.

Question 19

Explain the value and the limitations of biological and psychological explanations of crime.Expand the essay by explaining the strengths of a sociological approach to understanding crime.

Accepted Answer

Biological and psychological explanation

Question 20

Edwin Sutherland stated that white-collar crime

Accepted Answer

A) almost always leads to a criminal conviction. 
B) provokes a strong response from the community. 
C) is usually resolved in a civil rather than a criminal court. 
D) rarely involves serious harm to the public as a whole. 
A) almost always leads to a criminal conviction. 
B) provokes a strong response from the community. 
C) is usually resolved in a civil rather than a criminal court. 
D) rarely involves serious harm to the public as a whole.

Exam 9: Deviance

Organized crime refers to supplying legal goods and services at below market prices.

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among

According to the social-conflict approach, deviance has a number of functions for the operation of society as a whole.

Read the four statements below.Which comes closest to the correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes?

Because there are several hundred people in the United States for every police officer, police

Cesare Lombroso, an Italian physician and criminologist, claimed that most criminals were people who had been mistreated by society.

Every society tries to regulate the behavior of individuals; this general process is called ______.

Explain how age, gender, and social class are correlated with official arrest data.

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing, the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

The United States is the only Western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that

The United States is the only western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

What concept did Erving Goffman use to refer to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity?

Describe the labeling theory of deviance.What basic insight about deviance is offered by this approach? How does labeling figure into the difference between primary deviance and secondary deviance? What is the importance of stigma in labeling analysis?

What is criminal recidivism? Why do you think our society has such a high rate of recidivism?

"Crimes against the person" includes all but which of the following?

Every person charged with a crime in the United States is sentenced after receiving a trial by jury.

Assume you were listening to a lecture on Durkheim's approach to deviance.Which of the following statements might well be the focus of the lecture?

Explain the value and the limitations of biological and psychological explanations of crime.Expand the essay by explaining the strengths of a sociological approach to understanding crime.

Edwin Sutherland stated that white-collar crime

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