Chat with AIExam 10: Evaluating Causal Arguments
Identify the resulting event, precipitating event, and method of reasoning in each of the following causal arguments
-It's clear that running with new shoes is what caused Michael's foot to hurt. The shoes were the only thing different between occasions when his foot hurt and when it did not hurt. He ran the same distance, ran on the same course, and stretched the same amount before he ran.
(33) 
VerifiedR: Michael's foot hurting
P: Running with new shoes
M: Method of difference
Write a Complete Analysis plus Evaluation for each of the following passages
-Teachers will not get cost-of-living raises this year unless other state employees get raises. Given that other state employees will not be getting raises of any kind due to the fact that state legislators have declared a moratorium on state wage hikes, teachers will not be getting cost-of-living raises this year.
(29) Verified This passage contains an argument. The issue is whether teachers will be getting cost-of-living raises this year. The conclusion is that teachers will not be getting cost-of-living raises this year. The first premise is that teachers will not get cost-of-living raises this year unless other state employees get raises. The second premise is that other state employees will not be getting raises of any kind.
This passage contains a subargument. The intermediate conclusion is that other state employees will not be getting raises of any kind. The premise is that state legislators have declared a moratorium on state wage hikes.
The argument is a deductive truth-functional argument. The argument is valid because it is of the form modus ponens.
1. Teachers will not get cost-of-living raises this year unless other state employees get raises. Given that 2. other state employees will not be getting raises of any kind due to the fact that 3. state legislators have declared a moratorium on state wage hikes, 4. teachers will not be getting cost-of-living raises this year.
Write a Complete Analysis plus Evaluation for each of the following passages
-A study at UCLA suggests that searching online could be beneficial for the brain of older adults. The researchers studied 24 people between the ages of 55-78. The participants were divided into two groups: one that had minimal computer experience and another that was Web savvy. Members of the technologically advanced group had more than twice the neural activation than their less experienced counterparts while searching online. The only difference between the two groups was their technological experience. Thus, since online searching improved neural activity in the participants of this study, it is likely that online searching will improve neural activity for all older adults.-cnn.com
(39) VerifiedThis passage from cnn.com contains an argument. This issue is whether online searching will improve neural activity for all older adults. The conclusion is that online searching will improve neural activity for all older adults. The premise is that online searching improved neural activity in the participants of a recent study of 24 people between the ages of 55-78 at UCLA.
This passage contains a subargument. The intermediate conclusion is that online searching improved neural activity in the participants of a recent study of 24 people between the ages of 55-78 at UCLA. The first premise is that members of the technologically advanced group in the study at UCLA had more than twice the neural activation than their less experienced counterparts while searching online. The second premise is that the only difference between the two groups of participants in the UCLA study of neural activity was their technological experience.
The argument is an inductive generalization. The argument is weak because the sample size is small and there is no indication that the sample is representative of the target.
A study at UCLA suggests that 1. searching online could be beneficial for the brain of older adults. 2. The researchers studied 24 people between the ages of 55-78. 3. The participants were divided into two groups: one that had minimal computer experience and another that was Web savvy. 4.Members of the technologically advanced group had more than twice the neural activation than their less experienced counterparts while searching online. 5. The only difference between the two groups was their technological experience. Thus, since 6. online searching improved neural activity in the participants of this study, it is likely that 1. online searching will improve neural activity for all older adults.
For each of the following pairs of causal arguments, determine which is stronger
-Which causal argument is stronger?
(32) Write a Complete Analysis plus Evaluation for each of the following passages
-It's clear that Egyptian plain clothes police provocateurs caused the violence in Tahrir Square since the violence in the square resulted from Egyptian police not in uniform.
(34) For each of the following pairs of causal arguments, determine which is stronger
-Which causal argument is stronger?
(43) : Identify the resulting event, precipitating event, and method of reasoning in each of the following causal arguments
-The peer educator program has been quite effective in reducing the rate of teen pregnancy in two Illinois high schools. This conclusion follows from the fact that the rate of teen pregnancy has fallen in both schools, and both have new peer educator programs.
(33) For each of the following pairs of causal arguments, determine which is stronger
-Which causal argument is stronger?
(35) Identify the resulting event, precipitating event, and method of reasoning in each of the following causal arguments
-Quentin Tarantino's new movie is not doing well at the box office. The cause must be the lack of violence because all his previous movies had loads of violence, and this one has none.
(34) Write a Complete Analysis plus Evaluation for each of the following passages
-The stock market lost 10% of its value last week. Why is that? It appears that the cause was the closure of the Suez Canal, since that was the only factor that was different from the previous week where stock prices were at record highs. No major oil exporting nations lowered exports, no major refiners were experiencing slowdowns, and no major crises were taking place elsewhere in the world.
(32) For each of the following pairs of causal arguments, determine which is stronger
-Which causal argument is stronger?
(42) For each of the following pairs of causal arguments, determine which is stronger
-Which causal argument is stronger?
(36) Identify the resulting event, precipitating event, and method of reasoning in each of the following causal arguments
-Three of the students in the residence hall had severe headaches last evening. The cause of the headaches must have been breathing paint fumes, since the only thing they had in common was that each of their rooms had been painted during the day.
(43) Write a Complete Analysis plus Evaluation for each of the following passages
-Painting the Golden Gate Bridge is an ongoing job because the salt air from the ocean rusts and corrodes the steel components.-goldengatebridge.org
(33) Identify the resulting event, precipitating event, and method of reasoning in each of the following causal arguments
-I was having trouble comprehending what I was reading for class. I decided to try something different: reading the text aloud. Amazingly, my comprehension was much better. Clearly, reading aloud improved my reading comprehension.
(40) 
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