Exam 7: Basic Principles of Learning

If an association is made independent of behavior,what type of learning occurs?

Women who breastfeed their babies often notice that the crying of any infant may result in milk ejection.In this case,the crying of any infant is a(n)

When the CS is presented repeatedly without the UCS,eventually the CR will no longer appear because the original learning environment has changed.This process is called extinction.

How does extinction occur in classical conditioning?

If a student in a classroom was given a piece of candy for every five words spelled correctly,the student's behavior is being reinforced on a ______ schedule.

A parent brings his 15-month-old to the pediatrician's office for her first shot.The child is happy and playful right up until the time the shot is injected.Now,every time the child sees someone in a white lab coat,she cries in terror.The injection in this scenario served as the

Let's say you have a hungry cat in your kitchen.You use your electric can opener,which makes a rather loud sound,to open a can of cat food.You have done this many times before.The hungry cat comes running toward the kitchen at the sound of the can opener,not at the sight of the food.In this example,the sound of the can opener is the

The process of watching another person receiving reinforcement is called vicarious reinforcement.

The method of successive approximations is also called shaping.

Learning is any relatively permanent change in behavior due to the passage of time.

The ultimate goal of punishment is to strengthen behavior.

A student comes to college and is extremely anxious about doing poorly and flunking out.To calm her fears,the student studies hard and receives all 'A's the first semester.This student has been

Fred asks his mom for a cookie,but the answer is no.He whines and cries,so his mom gives him a cookie and he calms down.According to the principles of operant conditioning,what can be expected?

An essential factor in the definition of learning is that the learned behavior

The fact that it is easier to condition a fear of things that have some intrinsic association with danger suggests that people are _______ prepared to learn certain kinds of fear.

The method of successive approximations is used to achieve the learning goal of

When every response is followed by a reinforcer,this is known as

Frequency and timing of the association of two neutral stimuli are important to the formation of what?

An animal emits a response in the presence of a certain tone.If a slightly higher pitched tone elicits the same response,then stimulus _______ has taken place.

Bandura's famous study with the children and the Bobo doll was a demonstration of