Question 1

Which of the following is a strength of experiments?

Accepted Answer

A) They cannot be repeated by anyone other than the experimenter. 
B) They allow for the establishment of cause-effect relationships. 
C) They are not subject to demand characteristics since the subjects do not know they are being observed. 
D) They allow us to draw definitive conclusions about behavior in the natural environment based on subjects' behavior in the laboratory. 
A) They cannot be repeated by anyone other than the experimenter. 
B) They allow for the establishment of cause-effect relationships. 
C) They are not subject to demand characteristics since the subjects do not know they are being observed. 
D) They allow us to draw definitive conclusions about behavior in the natural environment based on subjects' behavior in the laboratory.

Question 2

Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization?

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalysis 
B) humanism 
C) cognitive perspective 
D) behaviorism 
A) psychoanalysis 
B) humanism 
C) cognitive perspective 
D) behaviorism

Question 3

In a laboratory,smokers are asked to "drive" using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal.The objective is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions.Some of the participants smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver's seat.Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine.You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have.In this study,the dependent variable is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A) the use of nicotine 
B) the use of a driving simulator 
C) the number of collisions 
D) the driving skills of each driver 
A) the use of nicotine 
B) the use of a driving simulator 
C) the number of collisions 
D) the driving skills of each driver

Question 4

Keeping responses anonymous helps researchers avoid the ethical problem of _______.

Accepted Answer

A) deception 
B) experimenter bias 
C) invasion of privacy 
D) animal rights violations 
A) deception 
B) experimenter bias 
C) invasion of privacy 
D) animal rights violations

Question 5

Description is to assessment as __________ is to prognosis.

Accepted Answer

A) prediction 
B) explanation 
C) indication 
D) control 
A) prediction 
B) explanation 
C) indication 
D) control

Question 6

John Watson was a behaviorist who argued that the science of psychology must concern itself only with

Accepted Answer

A) experiences as whole units. 
B) observable events. 
C) unconscious mental processes. 
D) early childhood experiences. 
A) experiences as whole units. 
B) observable events. 
C) unconscious mental processes. 
D) early childhood experiences.

Question 7

Steve is a fan of the Los Angeles Lakers basketball team.With little provocation,he will engage you in a debate about whether it is the greatest team in basketball.Steve may be demonstrating ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) bias 
B) critical thinking 
C) an eclectic approach 
D) unconscious behavior 
A) bias 
B) critical thinking 
C) an eclectic approach 
D) unconscious behavior

Question 8

Which goal of psychology is most closely met through naturalistic observation?

Accepted Answer

A) altering behavior 
B) predicting behavior 
C) describing behavior 
D) controlling behavior 
A) altering behavior 
B) predicting behavior 
C) describing behavior 
D) controlling behavior

Question 9

Diffusion of effects is the tendency to feel that someone else is responsible for responding in a crisis situation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The school of behaviorism attempted to explain behavior by studying

Accepted Answer

A) the reasons people give for their behaviors. 
B) the specific personality traits that lead to behavior. 
C) how a specific stimulus evokes a specific response. 
D) the purposes of people's behavior. 
A) the reasons people give for their behaviors. 
B) the specific personality traits that lead to behavior. 
C) how a specific stimulus evokes a specific response. 
D) the purposes of people's behavior.

Question 11

By general agreement,psychology was born in __________.

Accepted Answer

A) 1642 
B) 1853 
C) 1879 
D) 1906 
A) 1642 
B) 1853 
C) 1879 
D) 1906

Question 12

Which of the following variables show a negative correlation?

Accepted Answer

A) height and weight 
B) men's educational level and their income 
C) alcohol consumption and scores on a driving test 
D) school grades and IQ scores 
A) height and weight 
B) men's educational level and their income 
C) alcohol consumption and scores on a driving test 
D) school grades and IQ scores

Question 13

The main advantage of laboratory observation is

Accepted Answer

A) the degree of control it allows the observer. 
B) the degree of participation it allows the observer. 
C) the observer effect. 
D) the opportunity for representative sampling. 
A) the degree of control it allows the observer. 
B) the degree of participation it allows the observer. 
C) the observer effect. 
D) the opportunity for representative sampling.

Question 14

Mei was sent to the school psychologist to be tested.Based on her IQ scores it was decided that she would do well in the gifted child program.This is an example of which goal of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) describing behavior 
B) explaining behavior 
C) predicting behavior 
D) controlling behavior 
A) describing behavior 
B) explaining behavior 
C) predicting behavior 
D) controlling behavior

Question 15

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

Accepted Answer

A) Participants may not withdraw once they start. 
B) Participants cannot be deceived about aspects of the research. 
C) Participants cannot be subjected to any physically or emotionally painful stimuli. 
D) Deception must be justified. 
A) Participants may not withdraw once they start. 
B) Participants cannot be deceived about aspects of the research. 
C) Participants cannot be subjected to any physically or emotionally painful stimuli. 
D) Deception must be justified.

Question 16

What is one of the major reasons that psychologists use operational definitions?

Accepted Answer

A) to comply with legal requirements 
B) to identify all the extraneous variables 
C) so effects can be measured 
D) to explain research results so that nonpsychologists can understand 
A) to comply with legal requirements 
B) to identify all the extraneous variables 
C) so effects can be measured 
D) to explain research results so that nonpsychologists can understand

Question 17

Dr.Braunz has been treating a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.She decides to write a prescription for Ritalin.Given this information,it is most likely that Dr.Braunz is a _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) psychiatrist 
B) psychoanalyst 
C) humanistic psychologist 
D) school psychologist 
A) psychiatrist 
B) psychoanalyst 
C) humanistic psychologist 
D) school psychologist

Question 18

Collecting objective data without interference in the subject's normal environment is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A) survey research. 
B) applied research. 
C) laboratory research. 
D) naturalistic observation. 
A) survey research. 
B) applied research. 
C) laboratory research. 
D) naturalistic observation.

Question 19

Wertheimer was associated with the _____________ school.

Accepted Answer

A) functionalist 
B) psychoanalytic 
C) Gestalt 
D) behaviorist 
A) functionalist 
B) psychoanalytic 
C) Gestalt 
D) behaviorist

Question 20

Double-blind studies control for _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) only the placebo effect 
B) only the experimenter effect 
C) both the placebo effect and the experimenter effect 
D) extrinsic motivation 
A) only the placebo effect 
B) only the experimenter effect 
C) both the placebo effect and the experimenter effect 
D) extrinsic motivation

Which of the following is a strength of experiments?

Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization?

Keeping responses anonymous helps researchers avoid the ethical problem of _______.

Description is to assessment as __________ is to prognosis.

John Watson was a behaviorist who argued that the science of psychology must concern itself only with

Steve is a fan of the Los Angeles Lakers basketball team.With little provocation,he will engage you in a debate about whether it is the greatest team in basketball.Steve may be demonstrating ________________.

Which goal of psychology is most closely met through naturalistic observation?

Diffusion of effects is the tendency to feel that someone else is responsible for responding in a crisis situation.

The school of behaviorism attempted to explain behavior by studying

By general agreement,psychology was born in __________.

Which of the following variables show a negative correlation?

The main advantage of laboratory observation is

Mei was sent to the school psychologist to be tested.Based on her IQ scores it was decided that she would do well in the gifted child program.This is an example of which goal of psychology?

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

What is one of the major reasons that psychologists use operational definitions?

Dr.Braunz has been treating a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.She decides to write a prescription for Ritalin.Given this information,it is most likely that Dr.Braunz is a _____________.

Collecting objective data without interference in the subject's normal environment is associated with:

Wertheimer was associated with the _____________ school.

Double-blind studies control for _______________.

The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Consciousness and Cognition

Development Across the Life Span

Motivation and Emotion

Stress and Health

Social Psychology

Theories of Personality and Intelligence

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Which of the following is a strength of experiments?

Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization?

Keeping responses anonymous helps researchers avoid the ethical problem of _______.

Description is to assessment as __________ is to prognosis.

John Watson was a behaviorist who argued that the science of psychology must concern itself only with

Steve is a fan of the Los Angeles Lakers basketball team.With little provocation,he will engage you in a debate about whether it is the greatest team in basketball.Steve may be demonstrating ________________.

Which goal of psychology is most closely met through naturalistic observation?

Diffusion of effects is the tendency to feel that someone else is responsible for responding in a crisis situation.

The school of behaviorism attempted to explain behavior by studying

By general agreement,psychology was born in __________.

Which of the following variables show a negative correlation?

The main advantage of laboratory observation is

Mei was sent to the school psychologist to be tested.Based on her IQ scores it was decided that she would do well in the gifted child program.This is an example of which goal of psychology?

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

What is one of the major reasons that psychologists use operational definitions?

Dr.Braunz has been treating a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.She decides to write a prescription for Ritalin.Given this information,it is most likely that Dr.Braunz is a _____________.

Collecting objective data without interference in the subject's normal environment is associated with:

Wertheimer was associated with the _____________ school.

Double-blind studies control for _______________.

The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Consciousness and Cognition

Development Across the Life Span

Motivation and Emotion

Stress and Health

Social Psychology

Theories of Personality and Intelligence

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters