Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

While Margaret Floy Washburn may have been the first woman to receive a Ph.D.in psychology in the United States (in 1894),the first African American woman to do so was _________ in 1934 at the University of Minnesota.

To determine if sugar-rich diets affect hyperactivity in kids,a researcher prepared two daily menus that children would receive for a 30-day period.A high-sugar diet was given to the boys,while the girls had a menu that seemed identical but was not a high sugar diet.At the end of 30 days,the boys and girls were evaluated to determine their levels of hyperactivity.In the study,the high-sugar diet is the ________.

The work of Freud was built around _____________.

The primary method of investigation used by structuralists was:

Studying the elements of sensations,feelings,and images is most directly associated with which school of psychology?

Which of the following is an advantage of using the survey method of research?

Structuralism emphasizes __________.

Sallie noticed that when her alarm clock goes off in the morning her dog,Ruffles,is standing by her bed salivating.Every morning when Sallie wakes to the alarm,she immediately rolls out of bed and feeds Ruffles who very much enjoys his canned dog food.It is likely that _______________.

A correlation coefficient represents two things: _____________ and ______________.

Why is it essential that the experimental and control groups be treated identically in every respect but one?

Control groups should receive exactly the same treatment as the experimental groups when conducting a research study.

Cause-and-effect conclusions can be drawn from the results of an experiment because:

In an experiment,a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable.The second variable,which is observed for any possible effects,is called the __________.

Darley and Latané (1968)believed that the presence of other people in a distressing situation actually increased the likelihood that they would receive hel

Which founding contributors to psychology helped develop behaviorism?

On a television talk show an actor describes the symptoms of anxiety he has been experiencing.He reports that the severity of the symptoms has decreased since he has been taking a drug prescribed by his therapist back in Hollywood.You conclude that the actor's therapist is probably a ____________.

A weakness of ________ is that subjects participating in the research often report,consciously and unconsciously,inaccurate information.

Like Watson,Skinner believed that psychology should study only __________.

The first psychology laboratory was founded by __________.

A researcher tests the hypothesis that students who study in the room where they take their tests will perform better on the tests than students who study in other rooms.She requires one group to study in the classroom where the exam is given and another group to study in the library.All students take the test in the classroom,and their test performance is compared.In this example,where students study is the: