Question 1

The Neuron Doctrine was proposed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Descartes. 
B)  Bell and Magendie. 
C)  Camillo Golgi. 
D)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal. 
A)  Descartes. 
B)  Bell and Magendie. 
C)  Camillo Golgi. 
D)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal.

Question 2

Which of the following thinkers correctly identified the brain as the source of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aristotle 
B)  Herophilus 
C)  Hippocrates 
D)  the author of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus 
A)  Aristotle 
B)  Herophilus 
C)  Hippocrates 
D)  the author of the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus

Question 3

The notion of neural communication via fluids was abandoned in response to the work of

Accepted Answer

A)  Galvani and du Bois-Reymond. 
B)  Galvani and van Leeuwenhoek. 
C)  Golgi and Cajal. 
D)  Bell and Magendie. 
A)  Galvani and du Bois-Reymond. 
B)  Galvani and van Leeuwenhoek. 
C)  Golgi and Cajal. 
D)  Bell and Magendie.

Question 4

We know today that Santiago Ramón y Cajal's Neuron Doctrine is true,but what theory competed with the Neuron doctrine as recently as the early 1900s?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Bell-Magendie law 
B)  Camillo Golgi's view of the nervous system as an interconnected network 
C)  Luigi Galvani's proposal that nerves communicate using electricity 
D)  phrenology 
A)  the Bell-Magendie law 
B)  Camillo Golgi's view of the nervous system as an interconnected network 
C)  Luigi Galvani's proposal that nerves communicate using electricity 
D)  phrenology

Question 5

The Neuron Doctrine pertains to the

Accepted Answer

A)  use of electricity by neurons in communication. 
B)  localization of language to the left hemisphere. 
C)  separate pathways used for processing sensory and motor information 
D)  nervous system as a collection of separate cells. 
A)  use of electricity by neurons in communication. 
B)  localization of language to the left hemisphere. 
C)  separate pathways used for processing sensory and motor information 
D)  nervous system as a collection of separate cells.

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between biology and behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biology determines behavior. 
B)  Behavior determines biology. 
C)  Biology influences behavior and behavior influences biology. 
D)  As the complexity of organisms evolved,biology had an increasing influence on behavior. 
A)  Biology determines behavior. 
B)  Behavior determines biology. 
C)  Biology influences behavior and behavior influences biology. 
D)  As the complexity of organisms evolved,biology had an increasing influence on behavior.

Question 7

In addition to the more contemporary researchers discussed in the section on brain stimulation,which 19th century researcher(s)also used electrical brain stimulation to map functions of the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fritsch and Hitzig 
B)  Luigi Galvani 
C)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal 
D)  Otto Loewi 
A)  Fritsch and Hitzig 
B)  Luigi Galvani 
C)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal 
D)  Otto Loewi

Question 8

What is one advantage of magnetoencephalography (MEG)over electroencephalography (EEG)?

Accepted Answer

Because the skull bones block most of th

Question 9

If you want to identify clusters of cell bodies in a sample of tissue,it would be best to use the

Accepted Answer

A)  Golgi silver stain. 
B)  Nissl stain. 
C)  myelin stain. 
D)  horseradish peroxidase stain. 
A)  Golgi silver stain. 
B)  Nissl stain. 
C)  myelin stain. 
D)  horseradish peroxidase stain.

Question 10

If a trait were primarily influenced by genetic variables,we would expect to see

Accepted Answer

A)  adopted children who are more similar to their biological parents in the trait than to their adoptive parents. 
B)  adopted children who are more similar to their adoptive parents in the trait than to their biological parents. 
C)  strong similarities between adoptive and biological parents. 
D)  strong similarities between adoptive children and their adoptive siblings. 
A)  adopted children who are more similar to their biological parents in the trait than to their adoptive parents. 
B)  adopted children who are more similar to their adoptive parents in the trait than to their biological parents. 
C)  strong similarities between adoptive and biological parents. 
D)  strong similarities between adoptive children and their adoptive siblings.

Question 11

What does it mean to say when we say the heritability of a trait is 80 percent?

Accepted Answer

Heritability is the amount of difference

Question 12

You are a licensed clinical counselor.A 35-year-old woman comes to you who has always been very optimistic and cheerful,but suddenly is extremely depressed.There has been no change in her life circumstances,and she is aware of nothing that could be causing this depression.Given what you have learned so far,what is the first thing you might suggest to her?

Accepted Answer

A)  She should see her doctor for a complete physical,and perhaps even see a neurologist to rule out any underlying physical problem. 
B)  She probably has some deep underlying resentment of her parents that she needs to admit to before she will be able to get better. 
C)  The whole family should come in for therapy,as there is obviously something going on somewhere that is not obvious. 
D)  She should see a psychiatrist and get medication for the depression first and foremost,then talk therapy will probably be able to help her. 
A)  She should see her doctor for a complete physical,and perhaps even see a neurologist to rule out any underlying physical problem. 
B)  She probably has some deep underlying resentment of her parents that she needs to admit to before she will be able to get better. 
C)  The whole family should come in for therapy,as there is obviously something going on somewhere that is not obvious. 
D)  She should see a psychiatrist and get medication for the depression first and foremost,then talk therapy will probably be able to help her.

Question 13

The use of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)always reduces the activity of cortical cells located beneath the stimulation site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If the concordance rate for alcoholism were 50 percent among identical twins,which of the following would be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  If you inherit the gene that encodes alcoholism,you will become an alcoholic. 
B)  If there is no alcoholism in your family,you will never become an alcoholic. 
C)  If your father is an alcoholic,you will not become an alcoholic as long as he is not involved in raising you. 
D)  If your twin is an alcoholic,you have an increased chance of becoming an alcoholic,but ultimately whether you become an alcoholic depends on the choices you make. 
A)  If you inherit the gene that encodes alcoholism,you will become an alcoholic. 
B)  If there is no alcoholism in your family,you will never become an alcoholic. 
C)  If your father is an alcoholic,you will not become an alcoholic as long as he is not involved in raising you. 
D)  If your twin is an alcoholic,you have an increased chance of becoming an alcoholic,but ultimately whether you become an alcoholic depends on the choices you make.

Question 15

Localization of function in the brain became established in large part due to the work of

Accepted Answer

A)  Descartes. 
B)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal. 
C)  Broca,Fritsch,and Hitzig. 
D)  Hughlings Jackson. 
A)  Descartes. 
B)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal. 
C)  Broca,Fritsch,and Hitzig. 
D)  Hughlings Jackson.

Question 16

A researcher is interested in discovering if one part of the brain,the orbitofrontal cortex,has connections with another part of the brain,the amygdala.Which of the following experimental methods would be the most appropriate for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inject horseradish peroxidase into a rat's orbitofrontal cortex and then see if cells in the amygdala are stained. 
B)  Inject a human volunteer with a radioactive glucose and see what part of his brain is active while viewing an emotionally charged set of pictures using a PET scan. 
C)  Look at a human brain with fMRI to see if the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala are active at the same times. 
D)  Stimulate the orbitofrontal cortex of a human volunteer during neurosurgery. 
A)  Inject horseradish peroxidase into a rat's orbitofrontal cortex and then see if cells in the amygdala are stained. 
B)  Inject a human volunteer with a radioactive glucose and see what part of his brain is active while viewing an emotionally charged set of pictures using a PET scan. 
C)  Look at a human brain with fMRI to see if the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala are active at the same times. 
D)  Stimulate the orbitofrontal cortex of a human volunteer during neurosurgery.

Question 17

Given what you've learned in this course so far,it is important for you to learn about the brain if you want to be a counselor and not a researcher because you need to

Accepted Answer

A)  be able to diagnose mental illness when you talk to people. 
B)  be able to recognize the possibility of some kind of physical condition behind what appears to be psychological. 
C)  be able to prescribe medications correctly for your clients. 
D)  know as much as a neuroscientist. 
A)  be able to diagnose mental illness when you talk to people. 
B)  be able to recognize the possibility of some kind of physical condition behind what appears to be psychological. 
C)  be able to prescribe medications correctly for your clients. 
D)  know as much as a neuroscientist.

Question 18

Biological psychology is best defined as the

Accepted Answer

A)  study of the mind. 
B)  science of brain and behavior. 
C)  study of behavior and mental processes. 
D)  branch of psychology that studies the biological foundations of behavior,emotions,and mental processes. 
A)  study of the mind. 
B)  science of brain and behavior. 
C)  study of behavior and mental processes. 
D)  branch of psychology that studies the biological foundations of behavior,emotions,and mental processes.

Question 19

One of the challenges associated with the successful use of chemotherapy for treating brain tumors is the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  no known chemotherapy agents are effective against the types of tumors that arise in the brain. 
B)  no chemicals are ever able to pass from the blood supply to the brain. 
C)  many circulating chemicals are not able to enter the brain. 
D)  chemicals introduced to the brain do not pass through neural membranes. 
A)  no known chemotherapy agents are effective against the types of tumors that arise in the brain. 
B)  no chemicals are ever able to pass from the blood supply to the brain. 
C)  many circulating chemicals are not able to enter the brain. 
D)  chemicals introduced to the brain do not pass through neural membranes.

Question 20

Adoptive families have been found to share many features in common.How is this likely to impact measures of trait heritability that compare children with their biological and adoptive parents and siblings?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adoptive families have been found to share...

The Neuron Doctrine was proposed by

Which of the following thinkers correctly identified the brain as the source of intelligence?

The notion of neural communication via fluids was abandoned in response to the work of

We know today that Santiago Ramón y Cajal's Neuron Doctrine is true,but what theory competed with the Neuron doctrine as recently as the early 1900s?

The Neuron Doctrine pertains to the

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between biology and behavior?

In addition to the more contemporary researchers discussed in the section on brain stimulation,which 19^th century researcher(s)also used electrical brain stimulation to map functions of the cerebral cortex?

What is one advantage of magnetoencephalography (MEG)over electroencephalography (EEG)?

If you want to identify clusters of cell bodies in a sample of tissue,it would be best to use the

If a trait were primarily influenced by genetic variables,we would expect to see

What does it mean to say when we say the heritability of a trait is 80 percent?

The use of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)always reduces the activity of cortical cells located beneath the stimulation site.

If the concordance rate for alcoholism were 50 percent among identical twins,which of the following would be true?

Localization of function in the brain became established in large part due to the work of

A researcher is interested in discovering if one part of the brain,the orbitofrontal cortex,has connections with another part of the brain,the amygdala.Which of the following experimental methods would be the most appropriate for this purpose?

Given what you've learned in this course so far,it is important for you to learn about the brain if you want to be a counselor and not a researcher because you need to

Biological psychology is best defined as the

One of the challenges associated with the successful use of chemotherapy for treating brain tumors is the fact that

Adoptive families have been found to share many features in common.How is this likely to impact measures of trait heritability that compare children with their biological and adoptive parents and siblings?

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 1: Introducing Biological Psychology

The Neuron Doctrine was proposed by

Which of the following thinkers correctly identified the brain as the source of intelligence?

The notion of neural communication via fluids was abandoned in response to the work of

We know today that Santiago Ramón y Cajal's Neuron Doctrine is true,but what theory competed with the Neuron doctrine as recently as the early 1900s?

The Neuron Doctrine pertains to the

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between biology and behavior?

In addition to the more contemporary researchers discussed in the section on brain stimulation,which 19th century researcher(s)also used electrical brain stimulation to map functions of the cerebral cortex?

What is one advantage of magnetoencephalography (MEG)over electroencephalography (EEG)?

If you want to identify clusters of cell bodies in a sample of tissue,it would be best to use the

If a trait were primarily influenced by genetic variables,we would expect to see

What does it mean to say when we say the heritability of a trait is 80 percent?

The use of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)always reduces the activity of cortical cells located beneath the stimulation site.

If the concordance rate for alcoholism were 50 percent among identical twins,which of the following would be true?

Localization of function in the brain became established in large part due to the work of

A researcher is interested in discovering if one part of the brain,the orbitofrontal cortex,has connections with another part of the brain,the amygdala.Which of the following experimental methods would be the most appropriate for this purpose?

Given what you've learned in this course so far,it is important for you to learn about the brain if you want to be a counselor and not a researcher because you need to

Biological psychology is best defined as the

One of the challenges associated with the successful use of chemotherapy for treating brain tumors is the fact that

Adoptive families have been found to share many features in common.How is this likely to impact measures of trait heritability that compare children with their biological and adoptive parents and siblings?

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

In addition to the more contemporary researchers discussed in the section on brain stimulation,which 19^th century researcher(s)also used electrical brain stimulation to map functions of the cerebral cortex?