Question 1

Research on phonological memory and world learning skills indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A)  phonological memory is not related to acquiring a mental lexicon. 
B)  phonological memory is related to acquiring a growing mental lexicon. Children use phonological distinctions to categorize new words. 
C)  children do not use phonological distinctions to categorize new words. 
D)  None of these answers are true. 
A)  phonological memory is not related to acquiring a mental lexicon. 
B)  phonological memory is related to acquiring a growing mental lexicon. Children use phonological distinctions to categorize new words. 
C)  children do not use phonological distinctions to categorize new words. 
D)  None of these answers are true. B

Question 2

Researchers disagree on the significance of the occurrence of word spurts, saying that they:

Accepted Answer

A)  may be caused by advances in cognitive development. 
B)  are erratic and not clearly meaningful to language development milestones. 
C)  relate more to the child's understanding of objects than of object categories. 
D)  represent a critical stage of language and cognitive development. 
A)  may be caused by advances in cognitive development. 
B)  are erratic and not clearly meaningful to language development milestones. 
C)  relate more to the child's understanding of objects than of object categories. 
D)  represent a critical stage of language and cognitive development. A

Question 3

Research indicates factors that influence individual differences in lexical development include:

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of times the caregiver exposes the child to labels, provides context and the child's developmental level. 
B)  how the caregiver provides context to the child, the child's use of analytical skills, and the child's ability to take risks. 
C)  the social and developmental levels of the child. 
D)  the caregiver's skills in providing context to learn new words and the child's developmental level. 
A)  the number of times the caregiver exposes the child to labels, provides context and the child's developmental level. 
B)  how the caregiver provides context to the child, the child's use of analytical skills, and the child's ability to take risks. 
C)  the social and developmental levels of the child. 
D)  the caregiver's skills in providing context to learn new words and the child's developmental level. B

Question 4

Fast-mapping refers to the process of:

Accepted Answer

A)  applying knowledge of a referent to a word extension. 
B)  correctly inferring a referent, but needing to apply it to a number of extensions. 
C)  overextension. 
D)  underextension. 
A)  applying knowledge of a referent to a word extension. 
B)  correctly inferring a referent, but needing to apply it to a number of extensions. 
C)  overextension. 
D)  underextension.

Question 5

Words that refer to things are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  prelexical words 
B)  nominal 
C)  proto words 
D)  descriptors 
A)  prelexical words 
B)  nominal 
C)  proto words 
D)  descriptors

Question 6

Research on individual differences in the rate of lexical development is important because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  can be applied to designing school materials for reading instruction 
B)  supports understanding of the basic process that underlies vocabulary development in all children 
C)  All of these answers are true. 
D)  None of these answers are true. 
A)  can be applied to designing school materials for reading instruction 
B)  supports understanding of the basic process that underlies vocabulary development in all children 
C)  All of these answers are true. 
D)  None of these answers are true.

Question 7

When children develop a taxonomy of word meanings, they:

Accepted Answer

A)  generally categorize words according to phonology. 
B)  generally assume that words relate to thematically related sets of things. 
C)  relate word meaning to functions thematically, according to age and developmental level. 
D)  categorize words according to similar themes across ages and cultures. 
A)  generally categorize words according to phonology. 
B)  generally assume that words relate to thematically related sets of things. 
C)  relate word meaning to functions thematically, according to age and developmental level. 
D)  categorize words according to similar themes across ages and cultures.

Question 8

Research regarding solutions to the mapping problem suggests the word learning process relates to:

Accepted Answer

A)  language-specific innate knowledge and sociopragmatic cues. 
B)  syntactic cues and social cognitive skills. 
C)  Syntactic bootstrapping. 
D)  All of these answers are true. 
A)  language-specific innate knowledge and sociopragmatic cues. 
B)  syntactic cues and social cognitive skills. 
C)  Syntactic bootstrapping. 
D)  All of these answers are true.

Question 9

One of the first words of a young child was "go." For almost a month, the child said this word only when her mother was buckling her in her car seat. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a mental lexicon 
B)  a proto word 
C)  context-bound word use 
D)  a hyper word 
A)  a mental lexicon 
B)  a proto word 
C)  context-bound word use 
D)  a hyper word

Question 10

The pragmatic principle of word learning proposes that when trying to make sense of new words they hear, children operate on the assumption that:

Accepted Answer

A)  speakers are trying to communicate a new or different meaning when they use new or different words. 
B)  linguistic meaning is consistent. 
C)  every word has a different meaning. 
D)  the speaker will tell them what the word means. 
A)  speakers are trying to communicate a new or different meaning when they use new or different words. 
B)  linguistic meaning is consistent. 
C)  every word has a different meaning. 
D)  the speaker will tell them what the word means.

Question 11

The vocabulary spurt that occurs around 18 months has been noted to include the acquisition of:

Accepted Answer

A)  all kinds of words equally. 
B)  primarily object labels. 
C)  primarily labels for actions. 
D)  primarily words for descriptions. 
A)  all kinds of words equally. 
B)  primarily object labels. 
C)  primarily labels for actions. 
D)  primarily words for descriptions.

Question 12

Children learn nominals first. This is:

Accepted Answer

A)  universal across all languages. 
B)  a factor of cultural bias. 
C)  not universal across all languages. 
D)  evidence of cognitive development. 
A)  universal across all languages. 
B)  a factor of cultural bias. 
C)  not universal across all languages. 
D)  evidence of cognitive development.

Question 13

The relational relativity hypothesis refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  children learning verbs before nouns. 
B)  children learning nouns before verbs. 
C)  how children learn meanings for nouns. 
D)  how children learn meanings for verbs. 
A)  children learning verbs before nouns. 
B)  children learning nouns before verbs. 
C)  how children learn meanings for nouns. 
D)  how children learn meanings for verbs.

Question 14

The concept of fast mapping concerns:

Accepted Answer

A)  how a child organizes thoughts and language, a process called semantic organization. 
B)  how a child organizes lexical items. 
C)  the process in which children apply language input to their growing lexical knowledge. 
D)  All of these answers are true. 
A)  how a child organizes thoughts and language, a process called semantic organization. 
B)  how a child organizes lexical items. 
C)  the process in which children apply language input to their growing lexical knowledge. 
D)  All of these answers are true.

Question 15

It has been hypothesized that nominals are more prevalent in children's early vocabulary because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  encode concrete perceptual entities that children can directly experience. 
B)  are easier to say. 
C)  tend to be shorter words. 
D)  are more interesting to children. 
A)  encode concrete perceptual entities that children can directly experience. 
B)  are easier to say. 
C)  tend to be shorter words. 
D)  are more interesting to children.

Question 16

Words can be defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  symbols of thoughts, feelings and concepts that have typical meanings. 
B)  arbitrary symbols that stands for something. 
C)  symbols that are both arbitrary and references to things. 
D)  references to thoughts feeling and concepts. 
A)  symbols of thoughts, feelings and concepts that have typical meanings. 
B)  arbitrary symbols that stands for something. 
C)  symbols that are both arbitrary and references to things. 
D)  references to thoughts feeling and concepts.

Question 17

The natural partitions hypothesis refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  children learning nouns before verbs. 
B)  children learning verbs before nouns. 
C)  how children learn meanings for nouns. 
D)  how children learn meanings for verbs. 
A)  children learning nouns before verbs. 
B)  children learning verbs before nouns. 
C)  how children learn meanings for nouns. 
D)  how children learn meanings for verbs.

Question 18

Elements of the environment that increase vocabulary development include:

Accepted Answer

A)  status as last-born. 
B)  amount of speech mother addresses to the child. 
C)  greater amount of one to one interactions with peers. 
D)  bilingualism. 
A)  status as last-born. 
B)  amount of speech mother addresses to the child. 
C)  greater amount of one to one interactions with peers. 
D)  bilingualism.

Question 19

Children typically say their first words around:

Accepted Answer

A)  8-10 months 
B)  10-15 months 
C)  18 months 
D)  24 months 
A)  8-10 months 
B)  10-15 months 
C)  18 months 
D)  24 months

Question 20

Speech segmentation has been studied in relation to:

Accepted Answer

A)  how caregivers use child-directed speech. 
B)  the child's articulation abilities. 
C)  phonological memory. 
D)  adult-directed speech. 
A)  how caregivers use child-directed speech. 
B)  the child's articulation abilities. 
C)  phonological memory. 
D)  adult-directed speech.

Research on phonological memory and world learning skills indicates that:

Researchers disagree on the significance of the occurrence of word spurts, saying that they:

Research indicates factors that influence individual differences in lexical development include:

Fast-mapping refers to the process of:

Words that refer to things are called:

Research on individual differences in the rate of lexical development is important because it:

When children develop a taxonomy of word meanings, they:

Research regarding solutions to the mapping problem suggests the word learning process relates to:

One of the first words of a young child was "go." For almost a month, the child said this word only when her mother was buckling her in her car seat. This is an example of:

The pragmatic principle of word learning proposes that when trying to make sense of new words they hear, children operate on the assumption that:

The vocabulary spurt that occurs around 18 months has been noted to include the acquisition of:

Children learn nominals first. This is:

The relational relativity hypothesis refers to:

The concept of fast mapping concerns:

It has been hypothesized that nominals are more prevalent in children's early vocabulary because they:

Words can be defined as:

The natural partitions hypothesis refers to:

Elements of the environment that increase vocabulary development include:

Children typically say their first words around:

Speech segmentation has been studied in relation to:

Introduction to the Study of Language Development

Biological Bases of Language Development

Communicative Development: Foundations and Functions of Language

Phonological Development: Learning the Sounds of Language

The Development of Syntax and Morphology: Learning the Structure of Language

Language, Culture, and Cognition in Development

Childhood Bilingualism

Language in School Years

Language Development in Special Populations

Filters

Exam 5: Lexical Development: Learning Words

Research on phonological memory and world learning skills indicates that:

Researchers disagree on the significance of the occurrence of word spurts, saying that they:

Research indicates factors that influence individual differences in lexical development include:

Fast-mapping refers to the process of:

Words that refer to things are called:

Research on individual differences in the rate of lexical development is important because it:

When children develop a taxonomy of word meanings, they:

Research regarding solutions to the mapping problem suggests the word learning process relates to:

One of the first words of a young child was "go." For almost a month, the child said this word only when her mother was buckling her in her car seat. This is an example of:

The pragmatic principle of word learning proposes that when trying to make sense of new words they hear, children operate on the assumption that:

The vocabulary spurt that occurs around 18 months has been noted to include the acquisition of:

Children learn nominals first. This is:

The relational relativity hypothesis refers to:

The concept of fast mapping concerns:

It has been hypothesized that nominals are more prevalent in children's early vocabulary because they:

Words can be defined as:

The natural partitions hypothesis refers to:

Elements of the environment that increase vocabulary development include:

Children typically say their first words around:

Speech segmentation has been studied in relation to:

Introduction to the Study of Language Development

Biological Bases of Language Development

Communicative Development: Foundations and Functions of Language

Phonological Development: Learning the Sounds of Language

The Development of Syntax and Morphology: Learning the Structure of Language

Language, Culture, and Cognition in Development

Childhood Bilingualism

Language in School Years

Language Development in Special Populations

Filters