Question 1

Explain the basic argument of deterrence theory and distinguish between specific and general deterrence.

Accepted Answer

Deterrence theory suggests that crime re

Question 2

The common faith or set of social norms by which a society and its members abide is defined by Durkheim as:

Accepted Answer

A)  collective conscience. 
B)  division of labor. 
C)  anomie. 
D)  organic solidarity. 
A)  collective conscience. 
B)  division of labor. 
C)  anomie. 
D)  organic solidarity.

Question 3

According to Merton,a person who completely stops participating in society's drive to achieve its defined goals is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  ritualist. 
B)  retreatist. 
C)  innovator. 
D)  rebel. 
A)  ritualist. 
B)  retreatist. 
C)  innovator. 
D)  rebel.

Question 4

David Rosenhan (1973)sent some of his students to a psychiatric hospital,saying they were "hearing voices." Each pseudo-patient was admitted and diagnosed with a mental disorder.He was illustrating ____________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalist 
B)  labeling 
C)  strain 
D)  differential association 
A)  functionalist 
B)  labeling 
C)  strain 
D)  differential association

Question 5

Neighborhood watch groups are examples of what urban theorist Jane Jacobs called:

Accepted Answer

A)  formal social sanctions. 
B)  the eyes and ears of the streets. 
C)  big brothers. 
D)  stigmas. 
A)  formal social sanctions. 
B)  the eyes and ears of the streets. 
C)  big brothers. 
D)  stigmas.

Question 6

Violation of laws enacted by society is also known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  informal deviance. 
B)  unofficial deviance. 
C)  crimes. 
D)  secondary deviance. 
A)  informal deviance. 
B)  unofficial deviance. 
C)  crimes. 
D)  secondary deviance.

Question 7

What percentage of the U.S.voting-age population is not allowed to vote because of prior crime convictions?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 percent 
B)  1 percent 
C)  2.5 percent 
D)  10 percent 
A)  0.5 percent 
B)  1 percent 
C)  2.5 percent 
D)  10 percent

Question 8

Modes of monitoring,examining,and regimenting individuals that are diffused throughout society,including standardized tests,are what Foucault called:

Accepted Answer

A)  disciplinary techniques. 
B)  total institutions. 
C)  specific deterrence. 
D)  general deterrence. 
A)  disciplinary techniques. 
B)  total institutions. 
C)  specific deterrence. 
D)  general deterrence.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a symbolic interactionist theory of deviance?

Accepted Answer

A)  strain theory 
B)  normative theory 
C)  labeling theory 
D)  functionalist theory 
A)  strain theory 
B)  normative theory 
C)  labeling theory 
D)  functionalist theory

Question 10

Which of the following decreased the murder rates in the United States in the last several decades?

Accepted Answer

A)  better medical care 
B)  better social control of juveniles 
C)  more stringent gun control 
D)  more social cohesion across racial groups 
A)  better medical care 
B)  better social control of juveniles 
C)  more stringent gun control 
D)  more social cohesion across racial groups

Question 11

What is one difference between street crime and white-collar crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  Street crime is more costly to the public than white-collar crime. 
B)  Street crime usually occurs in public; white-collar crime usually occurs in private. 
C)  More people are victimized by white-collar crime than by street crime. 
D)  Those committing white-collar crimes are more likely to be punished than those committing street crimes. 
A)  Street crime is more costly to the public than white-collar crime. 
B)  Street crime usually occurs in public; white-collar crime usually occurs in private. 
C)  More people are victimized by white-collar crime than by street crime. 
D)  Those committing white-collar crimes are more likely to be punished than those committing street crimes.

Question 12

Charles is a 41-year-old man who recently got caught committing a crime after serving a long prison sentence.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  specific deterrence. 
B)  general deterrence. 
C)  anomie. 
D)  recidivism. 
A)  specific deterrence. 
B)  general deterrence. 
C)  anomie. 
D)  recidivism.

Question 13

Durkheim's theory and research on deviance fall within which of the main sociological theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalist 
B)  symbolic interactionist 
C)  conflict 
D)  feminist 
A)  functionalist 
B)  symbolic interactionist 
C)  conflict 
D)  feminist

Question 14

How does the social context affect crime,according to the broken windows theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evidence of disorder, such as broken windows, sends a signal that it's acceptable to engage in further deviant behaviors such as vandalism. 
B)  If the local economy doesn't provide enough jobs for residents, crime becomes the easiest way to get by. 
C)  Broken widows provide easy access to places in which to use drugs and engage in prostitution. 
D)  Criminals often start with petty vandalism in order to build their confidence. They then work their way up to more serious and dangerous crimes. 
A)  Evidence of disorder, such as broken windows, sends a signal that it's acceptable to engage in further deviant behaviors such as vandalism. 
B)  If the local economy doesn't provide enough jobs for residents, crime becomes the easiest way to get by. 
C)  Broken widows provide easy access to places in which to use drugs and engage in prostitution. 
D)  Criminals often start with petty vandalism in order to build their confidence. They then work their way up to more serious and dangerous crimes.

Question 15

Devah Pager (2001)found,in her study of job applications and criminal records,that a negative social label affects people's chances in life.This label is called a ____________ by sociologists.

Accepted Answer

A)  crime 
B)  bias 
C)  stigma 
D)  primary deviance 
A)  crime 
B)  bias 
C)  stigma 
D)  primary deviance

Question 16

Crime and deviance:

Accepted Answer

A)  are always two entirely different concepts. 
B)  can be the same or entirely different phenomena. 
C)  are interchangeable; deviance is always a crime. 
D)  tend to be one and the same; if something is a crime, it is always deviant. 
A)  are always two entirely different concepts. 
B)  can be the same or entirely different phenomena. 
C)  are interchangeable; deviance is always a crime. 
D)  tend to be one and the same; if something is a crime, it is always deviant.

Question 17

Tax evasion is an example of which of the following types of crimes,as defined by sociologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  white-collar crimes 
B)  street crimes 
C)  violent crimes 
D)  folkways 
A)  white-collar crimes 
B)  street crimes 
C)  violent crimes 
D)  folkways

Question 18

Why is the United States best described as having a mix of mechanical and organic sanctions?

Accepted Answer

A)  The United States has not yet become a fully modern society. 
B)  Some states have a more organic division of labor than others. 
C)  It is not a mix; it is best described as fully organic. 
D)  The United States applies mechanical sanctions in some contexts and organic sanctions in other contexts. 
A)  The United States has not yet become a fully modern society. 
B)  Some states have a more organic division of labor than others. 
C)  It is not a mix; it is best described as fully organic. 
D)  The United States applies mechanical sanctions in some contexts and organic sanctions in other contexts.

Question 19

A factory worker wins $10 million in the lottery.He doesn't know what to do with his good fortune,so he commits suicide.Durkheim would say he has committed ____________ type of suicide.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychotic 
B)  fatalistic 
C)  egoistic 
D)  anomic 
A)  psychotic 
B)  fatalistic 
C)  egoistic 
D)  anomic

Question 20

Explain Merton's strain theory of deviance and list each adaptation to anomie.Refer to "means" and "goals."

Accepted Answer

Like Durkheim,Merton was a functionalist

Explain the basic argument of deterrence theory and distinguish between specific and general deterrence.

The common faith or set of social norms by which a society and its members abide is defined by Durkheim as:

According to Merton,a person who completely stops participating in society's drive to achieve its defined goals is a(n):

David Rosenhan (1973)sent some of his students to a psychiatric hospital,saying they were "hearing voices." Each pseudo-patient was admitted and diagnosed with a mental disorder.He was illustrating ____________ theory.

Neighborhood watch groups are examples of what urban theorist Jane Jacobs called:

Violation of laws enacted by society is also known as:

What percentage of the U.S.voting-age population is not allowed to vote because of prior crime convictions?

Modes of monitoring,examining,and regimenting individuals that are diffused throughout society,including standardized tests,are what Foucault called:

Which of the following is an example of a symbolic interactionist theory of deviance?

Which of the following decreased the murder rates in the United States in the last several decades?

What is one difference between street crime and white-collar crime?

Charles is a 41-year-old man who recently got caught committing a crime after serving a long prison sentence.This is an example of:

Durkheim's theory and research on deviance fall within which of the main sociological theories?

How does the social context affect crime,according to the broken windows theory?

Devah Pager (2001)found,in her study of job applications and criminal records,that a negative social label affects people's chances in life.This label is called a ____________ by sociologists.

Crime and deviance:

Tax evasion is an example of which of the following types of crimes,as defined by sociologists?

Why is the United States best described as having a mix of mechanical and organic sanctions?

A factory worker wins $10 million in the lottery.He doesn't know what to do with his good fortune,so he commits suicide.Durkheim would say he has committed ____________ type of suicide.

Explain Merton's strain theory of deviance and list each adaptation to anomie.Refer to "means" and "goals."

The Sociological Imagination: An Introduction

Methods

Culture and Media

Socialization and the Construction of Reality

Groups and Networks

Stratification

Gender

Race

Poverty

Health and Society

Family (in Core edition)

Education

Capitalism and the Economy

Authority and the State

Religion

Science, the Environment, and Society

Collective Action, Social Movements, and Social Change

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Exam 6: Social Control and Deviance

Explain the basic argument of deterrence theory and distinguish between specific and general deterrence.

The common faith or set of social norms by which a society and its members abide is defined by Durkheim as:

According to Merton,a person who completely stops participating in society's drive to achieve its defined goals is a(n):

David Rosenhan (1973)sent some of his students to a psychiatric hospital,saying they were "hearing voices." Each pseudo-patient was admitted and diagnosed with a mental disorder.He was illustrating ____________ theory.

Neighborhood watch groups are examples of what urban theorist Jane Jacobs called:

Violation of laws enacted by society is also known as:

What percentage of the U.S.voting-age population is not allowed to vote because of prior crime convictions?

Modes of monitoring,examining,and regimenting individuals that are diffused throughout society,including standardized tests,are what Foucault called:

Which of the following is an example of a symbolic interactionist theory of deviance?

Which of the following decreased the murder rates in the United States in the last several decades?

What is one difference between street crime and white-collar crime?

Charles is a 41-year-old man who recently got caught committing a crime after serving a long prison sentence.This is an example of:

Durkheim's theory and research on deviance fall within which of the main sociological theories?

How does the social context affect crime,according to the broken windows theory?

Devah Pager (2001)found,in her study of job applications and criminal records,that a negative social label affects people's chances in life.This label is called a ____________ by sociologists.

Crime and deviance:

Tax evasion is an example of which of the following types of crimes,as defined by sociologists?

Why is the United States best described as having a mix of mechanical and organic sanctions?

A factory worker wins $10 million in the lottery.He doesn't know what to do with his good fortune,so he commits suicide.Durkheim would say he has committed ____________ type of suicide.

Explain Merton's strain theory of deviance and list each adaptation to anomie.Refer to "means" and "goals."

The Sociological Imagination: An Introduction

Methods

Culture and Media

Socialization and the Construction of Reality

Groups and Networks

Stratification

Gender

Race

Poverty

Health and Society

Family (in Core edition)

Education

Capitalism and the Economy

Authority and the State

Religion

Science, the Environment, and Society

Collective Action, Social Movements, and Social Change

Filters