Exam 20: Symmetric Encryption and Message Confidentiality

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The ciphertext-only attack is the easiest to defend against.

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With _________ encryption the encryption process is carried out at the two end systems.

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end-to-end

A ________ is a key used between entities for the purpose of distributing session keys.

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______ was designed in 1987 by Ron Rivest and is a variable key-size stream cipher with byte-oriented operations.

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"The input to the encryption algorithm is the XOR of the next 64 bits of plaintext and the preceding 64 bits of ciphertext" is a description of the ________ mode of operation.

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Public-key encryption was developed in the late ________.

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A ________ cipher processes the input one block of elements at a time,producing an output block for each input block.

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It is possible to convert any block cipher into a stream cipher by using the cipher feedback (CFB)mode.

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"The plaintext is 64 bits in length and the key is 56 bits in length; longer plaintext amounts are processed in 64-bit blocks" is a description of the DES algorithm.

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The _________ was issued as a federal information-processing standard and is intended to replace DES and 3DES with an algorithm that is more secure and efficient.

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For general-purpose block-oriented transmission you would typically use _______ mode.

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The exact substitutions and transformations performed by the algorithm depend on the ________.

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Plaintext is the scrambled message produced as output.

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The _________ is the encryption algorithm run in reverse.

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A ________ cipher processes the input elements continuously,producing output one element at a time as it goes along.

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In using encryption,we need to decide what to encrypt and where the encryption gear should be located.

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The three most important symmetric block ciphers are: 3DES,AES,and _____.

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A brute-force approach involves trying every possible key until an intelligible translation of the ciphertext into plaintext is obtained.

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Stream ciphers are far more common than block ciphers.

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The _______ module performs end-to-end encryption and obtains session keys on behalf of users.

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