Question 1

The preschool years, from age 2 to 6, include which two of Erikson's stages of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  oral; anal 
B)  trust versus mistrust; identity development versus confusion 
C)  autonomy versus shame and doubt; initiative versus guilt 
D)  vertical relationships; horizontal relationships 
A)  oral; anal 
B)  trust versus mistrust; identity development versus confusion 
C)  autonomy versus shame and doubt; initiative versus guilt 
D)  vertical relationships; horizontal relationships C

Question 2

By the age of ________, children may say that it is more wrong for a child to hit another person than it is to forget to say "please."

Accepted Answer

A)  1 year 
B)  2 to 3 years 
C)  6 years 
D)  4 to 5 years 
A)  1 year 
B)  2 to 3 years 
C)  6 years 
D)  4 to 5 years B

Question 3

If a parent exhibits prosocial behaviour, the child will tend to exhibit the same behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

The enabling style of interacting involves being supportive, expressing agreement, and making suggestions; it is commonly exhibited by girls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Theorists Maccoby and Martin completely rejected Baumrind's theory of parenting styles, and created their own four-step model which focuses on nurturance and demand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

All of the following are known to be long-term effects experienced by children whose parents divorce EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  higher rates of unmarried pregnancies. 
B)  higher risk of mental health problems in adulthood. 
C)  lack of financial and emotional support to succeed in college. 
D)  fear of intimacy in relationships. 
A)  higher rates of unmarried pregnancies. 
B)  higher risk of mental health problems in adulthood. 
C)  lack of financial and emotional support to succeed in college. 
D)  fear of intimacy in relationships.

Question 7

A central theme that emerges from both Freud's and Erikson's views of development during the preschool period is that

Accepted Answer

A)  language, cognition, and motor skills are developmentally intertwined, and one aspect of development supports other aspects of development. 
B)  the basis for children's social and personality development is their cognitive development. 
C)  children's sexual development is triggered by social and emotional interactions with peers. 
D)  families must balance their children's emerging skills and desire for autonomy with the parental need to protect and control their children. 
A)  language, cognition, and motor skills are developmentally intertwined, and one aspect of development supports other aspects of development. 
B)  the basis for children's social and personality development is their cognitive development. 
C)  children's sexual development is triggered by social and emotional interactions with peers. 
D)  families must balance their children's emerging skills and desire for autonomy with the parental need to protect and control their children.

Question 8

Roberta is a 3-year-old preschooler who has just written on the walls of her bedroom. Roberta knew this was not allowed. Her mother asks her to go to her "time out chair," and explains and reminds Roberta of what she has done and why she is being punished. This is an example of inductive discipline.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following parental behaviours is NOT linked to higher rates of altruistic or prosocial behaviour in their children?

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing children to develop their own rules of behaviour 
B)  providing parental models of altruistic behaviour 
C)  having children do helpful things 
D)  creating a loving and warm family environment 
A)  allowing children to develop their own rules of behaviour 
B)  providing parental models of altruistic behaviour 
C)  having children do helpful things 
D)  creating a loving and warm family environment

Question 10

The ability to label one's own gender correctly and to identify others as men and women is called "gender stability."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to Erikson, the challenges of the autonomy versus shame stage of early childhood are triggered by disruptions in the child's attachment bond with her parents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The poor live in more chaotic environments, are more highly stressed, and have fewer psychological and social resources than those who are more economically secure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is the best example of inductive discipline?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beverly's parents explained that she was being punished because it was wrong to take money from her mother's purse without permission. 
B)  Jarod was punished for fighting even though the other child started the fight. 
C)  As punishment for their careless mental mistakes during practice, the team had to run five extra laps. 
D)  Mr. Smith said, "Because I said so!" when his daughters asked why they were forbidden to go to the mall. 
A)  Beverly's parents explained that she was being punished because it was wrong to take money from her mother's purse without permission. 
B)  Jarod was punished for fighting even though the other child started the fight. 
C)  As punishment for their careless mental mistakes during practice, the team had to run five extra laps. 
D)  Mr. Smith said, "Because I said so!" when his daughters asked why they were forbidden to go to the mall.

Question 14

According to Erikson, a preschooler's development is centered on her

Accepted Answer

A)  new mobility and her accompanying desire for autonomy. 
B)  identification with her mother and the resulting competition for her father. 
C)  increased operational efficiency and the expanded capacity of cognitive short-term storage space. 
D)  improved manipulative and locomotor skills. 
A)  new mobility and her accompanying desire for autonomy. 
B)  identification with her mother and the resulting competition for her father. 
C)  increased operational efficiency and the expanded capacity of cognitive short-term storage space. 
D)  improved manipulative and locomotor skills.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about child poverty in Canada is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Due to higher incidents of behavioural and mental health disorders among poor children, Ontario Works now covers counselling and psychotropic prescriptions for children. 
B)  Children living in low-income families in Canada are unlikely to experience hunger due to our social safety net. 
C)  Female-led lone-parent families, Aboriginal families, and immigrants are overrepresented in poverty statistics in Canada. 
D)  In Canada, the child tax credit and other types of benefits compensate for many of the social consequences and stresses associated with poverty. 
A)  Due to higher incidents of behavioural and mental health disorders among poor children, Ontario Works now covers counselling and psychotropic prescriptions for children. 
B)  Children living in low-income families in Canada are unlikely to experience hunger due to our social safety net. 
C)  Female-led lone-parent families, Aboriginal families, and immigrants are overrepresented in poverty statistics in Canada. 
D)  In Canada, the child tax credit and other types of benefits compensate for many of the social consequences and stresses associated with poverty.

Question 16

Being a tomboy does not interfere with the development of a "feminine" personality in adulthood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Chao and Willms' research found that the largest proportion of Canadian parents were

Accepted Answer

A)  authoritarian. 
B)  permissive. 
C)  enmeshed. 
D)  authoritative. 
A)  authoritarian. 
B)  permissive. 
C)  enmeshed. 
D)  authoritative.

Question 18

The style of communicating that tends to derail, shorten or end interaction, inhibiting or causing partners to withdraw, is common among

Accepted Answer

A)  boys. 
B)  girls. 
C)  children under 12 years. 
D)  adolescents. 
A)  boys. 
B)  girls. 
C)  children under 12 years. 
D)  adolescents.

Question 19

By the age of 2 or 3, children seem to understand that violating a social convention, such as failing to say "thank you," is less serious than violating a moral rule, such as taking another child's toy without permission.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What differentiates aggression from rough play?

Accepted Answer

A)  intentionality 
B)  if the participants aren't friends 
C)  if the children have been told to stop and won't 
D)  injuries 
A)  intentionality 
B)  if the participants aren't friends 
C)  if the children have been told to stop and won't 
D)  injuries

The preschool years, from age 2 to 6, include which two of Erikson's stages of development?

By the age of ________, children may say that it is more wrong for a child to hit another person than it is to forget to say "please."

If a parent exhibits prosocial behaviour, the child will tend to exhibit the same behaviour.

The enabling style of interacting involves being supportive, expressing agreement, and making suggestions; it is commonly exhibited by girls.

Theorists Maccoby and Martin completely rejected Baumrind's theory of parenting styles, and created their own four-step model which focuses on nurturance and demand.

All of the following are known to be long-term effects experienced by children whose parents divorce EXCEPT

A central theme that emerges from both Freud's and Erikson's views of development during the preschool period is that

Roberta is a 3-year-old preschooler who has just written on the walls of her bedroom. Roberta knew this was not allowed. Her mother asks her to go to her "time out chair," and explains and reminds Roberta of what she has done and why she is being punished. This is an example of inductive discipline.

Which of the following parental behaviours is NOT linked to higher rates of altruistic or prosocial behaviour in their children?

The ability to label one's own gender correctly and to identify others as men and women is called "gender stability."

According to Erikson, the challenges of the autonomy versus shame stage of early childhood are triggered by disruptions in the child's attachment bond with her parents.

The poor live in more chaotic environments, are more highly stressed, and have fewer psychological and social resources than those who are more economically secure.

Which of the following is the best example of inductive discipline?

According to Erikson, a preschooler's development is centered on her

Which of the following statements about child poverty in Canada is accurate?

Being a tomboy does not interfere with the development of a "feminine" personality in adulthood.

Chao and Willms' research found that the largest proportion of Canadian parents were

The style of communicating that tends to derail, shorten or end interaction, inhibiting or causing partners to withdraw, is common among

By the age of 2 or 3, children seem to understand that violating a social convention, such as failing to say "thank you," is less serious than violating a moral rule, such as taking another child's toy without permission.

What differentiates aggression from rough play?

Basic Concepts and Methods

Theories of Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical, Sensory, and Perceptual Development in Infancy

Cognitive Development in Infancy

Social and Personality Development in Infancy

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Personality Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Social and Personality Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Social and Personality Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Social and Personality Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

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Exam 8: Social and Personality Development in Early Childhood

The preschool years, from age 2 to 6, include which two of Erikson's stages of development?

By the age of ________, children may say that it is more wrong for a child to hit another person than it is to forget to say "please."

If a parent exhibits prosocial behaviour, the child will tend to exhibit the same behaviour.

The enabling style of interacting involves being supportive, expressing agreement, and making suggestions; it is commonly exhibited by girls.

Theorists Maccoby and Martin completely rejected Baumrind's theory of parenting styles, and created their own four-step model which focuses on nurturance and demand.

All of the following are known to be long-term effects experienced by children whose parents divorce EXCEPT

A central theme that emerges from both Freud's and Erikson's views of development during the preschool period is that

Which of the following parental behaviours is NOT linked to higher rates of altruistic or prosocial behaviour in their children?

The ability to label one's own gender correctly and to identify others as men and women is called "gender stability."

According to Erikson, the challenges of the autonomy versus shame stage of early childhood are triggered by disruptions in the child's attachment bond with her parents.

The poor live in more chaotic environments, are more highly stressed, and have fewer psychological and social resources than those who are more economically secure.

Which of the following is the best example of inductive discipline?

According to Erikson, a preschooler's development is centered on her

Which of the following statements about child poverty in Canada is accurate?

Being a tomboy does not interfere with the development of a "feminine" personality in adulthood.

Chao and Willms' research found that the largest proportion of Canadian parents were

The style of communicating that tends to derail, shorten or end interaction, inhibiting or causing partners to withdraw, is common among

By the age of 2 or 3, children seem to understand that violating a social convention, such as failing to say "thank you," is less serious than violating a moral rule, such as taking another child's toy without permission.

What differentiates aggression from rough play?

Basic Concepts and Methods

Theories of Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical, Sensory, and Perceptual Development in Infancy

Cognitive Development in Infancy

Social and Personality Development in Infancy

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Personality Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Social and Personality Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Social and Personality Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Social and Personality Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

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