Question 1

What is the Hawthorne effect?

Accepted Answer

Not Answer

Question 2

Analysis of Covariance is

Accepted Answer

A)  a homogeneous population. 
B)  a procedure that ensures external validity. 
C)  a statistical tool that equalizes any initial differences that might exist between study participants. 
D)  equal to B/x*y. 
A)  a homogeneous population. 
B)  a procedure that ensures external validity. 
C)  a statistical tool that equalizes any initial differences that might exist between study participants. 
D)  equal to B/x*y. C

Question 3

Many researchers devise "sham" treatments for their control groups to undergo, meaning that the control group interacts with researchers in some way that is not thought to impact the dependent variable, or the outcome. This is done to weaken the argument that the treatment group improvement may have occurred in part simply due to the attention this group received from the researchers. These researchers are attempting to control for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple treatment interference 
B)  the Hawthorne effect 
C)  selection 
D)  experimenter effects 
A)  multiple treatment interference 
B)  the Hawthorne effect 
C)  selection 
D)  experimenter effects B

Question 4

In which of the following is randomization NOT possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  selection of a sample from the population 
B)  assignment of participants to groups 
C)  post-testing of participants 
D)  assignment of treatment type to groups 
A)  selection of a sample from the population 
B)  assignment of participants to groups 
C)  post-testing of participants 
D)  assignment of treatment type to groups

Question 5

What characteristics of pre-experimental designs make it difficult to establish cause-and-effect relationships?

Accepted Answer

Pre-experimental designs are research de

Question 6

Susan has twelve subjects drop out of her study. Which threat to internal validity must she consider?

Accepted Answer

A)  mortality 
B)  history 
C)  selection 
D)  randomization 
A)  mortality 
B)  history 
C)  selection 
D)  randomization

Question 7

Which experimental design involves one experimental group and three control groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solomon four-group design 
B)  pretest posttest control group design 
C)  posttest only control group design 
D)  quasi-experimental design 
A)  Solomon four-group design 
B)  pretest posttest control group design 
C)  posttest only control group design 
D)  quasi-experimental design

Question 8

Dr. Evans was surprised that many of his participants scored much lower than expected on his pretest. When he observed a significant increase in scores on the posttest, he was cautious in attributing the effect to his treatment alone. Which of the following threats to internal validity was Dr. Evans concerned about?

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumentation 
B)  selection 
C)  regression 
D)  testing 
A)  instrumentation 
B)  selection 
C)  regression 
D)  testing

Question 9

What is one disadvantage of the Solomon four-group design?

Accepted Answer

A)  It lacks a control group. 
B)  You have to pretest every group. 
C)  It is prone to sampling error. 
D)  It is time-consuming. 
A)  It lacks a control group. 
B)  You have to pretest every group. 
C)  It is prone to sampling error. 
D)  It is time-consuming.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT one of the general categories of experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudo-experimental 
B)  pre-experimental 
C)  true experimental 
D)  quasi-experimental 
A)  pseudo-experimental 
B)  pre-experimental 
C)  true experimental 
D)  quasi-experimental

Question 11

Explain the effects of regression and how it affects internal validity.

Accepted Answer

Regression refers to the tendency of ext

Question 12

Which of the following threats to external validity happens when the subjects learn information based on the pretest?

Accepted Answer

A)  reactive arrangements 
B)  multiple treatment interference 
C)  experimenter effects 
D)  pretest sensitization 
A)  reactive arrangements 
B)  multiple treatment interference 
C)  experimenter effects 
D)  pretest sensitization

Question 13

Choose one threat to external validity, define and describe it, then discuss what a researcher can do to avoid or minimize it.

Accepted Answer

One common threat to external validity i

Question 14

What are the steps involved in using the pretest posttest control group design?

Accepted Answer

The pretest posttest control group desig

Question 15

Which of the following threats to external validity happens when subjects discover the experiment's purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  reactive arrangements 
B)  multiple treatment interference 
C)  experimenter effects 
D)  pretest sensitization 
A)  reactive arrangements 
B)  multiple treatment interference 
C)  experimenter effects 
D)  pretest sensitization

Question 16

Choose one threat to internal validity, define and describe it then discuss what a researcher can do to avoid or minimize it.

Accepted Answer

One threat to internal validity is histo

Question 17

Experimental research methods are used _______________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  to describe some aspect of a certain variable 
B)  to establish a cause and effect relationship 
C)  to describe trends in education 
D)  only in biological and physical sciences 
A)  to describe some aspect of a certain variable 
B)  to establish a cause and effect relationship 
C)  to describe trends in education 
D)  only in biological and physical sciences

Question 18

Which of the following threats to external validity occur if the researcher interacts differently with different subjects?

Accepted Answer

A)  reactive arrangements 
B)  multiple treatment interference 
C)  experimenter effects 
D)  pretest sensitization 
A)  reactive arrangements 
B)  multiple treatment interference 
C)  experimenter effects 
D)  pretest sensitization

Question 19

What are three methods you can use to control extraneous variables?

Accepted Answer

To control extraneous variables in an ex

Question 20

How can you increase internal and external validity?

Accepted Answer

Increasing internal and external validit

What is the Hawthorne effect?

Analysis of Covariance is

In which of the following is randomization NOT possible?

What characteristics of pre-experimental designs make it difficult to establish cause-and-effect relationships?

Susan has twelve subjects drop out of her study. Which threat to internal validity must she consider?

Which experimental design involves one experimental group and three control groups?

What is one disadvantage of the Solomon four-group design?

Which of the following is NOT one of the general categories of experimental design?

Explain the effects of regression and how it affects internal validity.

Which of the following threats to external validity happens when the subjects learn information based on the pretest?

Choose one threat to external validity, define and describe it, then discuss what a researcher can do to avoid or minimize it.

What are the steps involved in using the pretest posttest control group design?

Which of the following threats to external validity happens when subjects discover the experiment's purpose?

Choose one threat to internal validity, define and describe it then discuss what a researcher can do to avoid or minimize it.

Experimental research methods are used _______________________.

Which of the following threats to external validity occur if the researcher interacts differently with different subjects?

What are three methods you can use to control extraneous variables?

How can you increase internal and external validity?

The Role and Importance of Research

The Research Process: Coming to Terms

A: Selecting a Problem and Reviewing the Research

B: Ethics: the Basic Principles

Sampling and Generalizability

Measurement, Reliability, and Validity

Methods of Measuring Behavior

Data Collection and Descriptive Statistics

Introducing Inferential Statistics

Nonexperimental Research: Descriptive and Correlational Methods

Nonexperimental Research: Qualitative Methods

Quasi-Experimental Research: a Close Cousin to Experimental Research

Writing a Research Proposal

Writing a Research Manuscript

Filters

Exam 11: Pre- and True Experimental Research Methods

What is the Hawthorne effect?

Analysis of Covariance is

In which of the following is randomization NOT possible?

What characteristics of pre-experimental designs make it difficult to establish cause-and-effect relationships?

Susan has twelve subjects drop out of her study. Which threat to internal validity must she consider?

Which experimental design involves one experimental group and three control groups?

What is one disadvantage of the Solomon four-group design?

Which of the following is NOT one of the general categories of experimental design?

Explain the effects of regression and how it affects internal validity.

Which of the following threats to external validity happens when the subjects learn information based on the pretest?

Choose one threat to external validity, define and describe it, then discuss what a researcher can do to avoid or minimize it.

What are the steps involved in using the pretest posttest control group design?

Which of the following threats to external validity happens when subjects discover the experiment's purpose?

Choose one threat to internal validity, define and describe it then discuss what a researcher can do to avoid or minimize it.

Experimental research methods are used _______________________.

Which of the following threats to external validity occur if the researcher interacts differently with different subjects?

What are three methods you can use to control extraneous variables?

How can you increase internal and external validity?

The Role and Importance of Research

The Research Process: Coming to Terms

A: Selecting a Problem and Reviewing the Research

B: Ethics: the Basic Principles

Sampling and Generalizability

Measurement, Reliability, and Validity

Methods of Measuring Behavior

Data Collection and Descriptive Statistics

Introducing Inferential Statistics

Nonexperimental Research: Descriptive and Correlational Methods

Nonexperimental Research: Qualitative Methods

Quasi-Experimental Research: a Close Cousin to Experimental Research

Writing a Research Proposal

Writing a Research Manuscript

Filters