Question 1

When a drug passes through the liver, the primary function of this organ is to

Accepted Answer

A) deflect the normal route of the drug 
B) remove the drug from the bloodstream 
C) bind the drug to albumin 
D) change the drug's molecular structure so that it is easier to excrete 
A) deflect the normal route of the drug 
B) remove the drug from the bloodstream 
C) bind the drug to albumin 
D) change the drug's molecular structure so that it is easier to excrete D

Question 2

Drugs A and B both reduce depression, but drug A is twice as potent as drug B.This difference in potency is

Accepted Answer

A) clinically important because one only needs to take half as much of drug A as drug B 
B) not clinically important unless drug B's maximal response is less than that of drug A 
C) not clinically important unless drug A's side effects are less disturbing than drug B's side effects 
D) both b and c 
A) clinically important because one only needs to take half as much of drug A as drug B 
B) not clinically important unless drug B's maximal response is less than that of drug A 
C) not clinically important unless drug A's side effects are less disturbing than drug B's side effects 
D) both b and c D

Question 3

The therapeutic index is a

Accepted Answer

A) measure of relative safety of a drug 
B) computed as a ratio of a drug's LD50 to its ED50 
C) dependent upon the type of effect that is desired 
D) all of the above 
A) measure of relative safety of a drug 
B) computed as a ratio of a drug's LD50 to its ED50 
C) dependent upon the type of effect that is desired 
D) all of the above D

Question 4

What is the distinction between a drug's "clinical efficacy" and its "potency"?

Accepted Answer

Clinical efficacy refers to the degree t

Question 5

Distinguish between a drug's "therapeutic index" and its "therapeutic window" (assuming the latter applies).

Accepted Answer

The therapeutic index, i.e., the ratio o

Question 6

What is the primary function of the P450 enzymes in the liver?

Accepted Answer

To metabolize toxic chemicals introduced

Question 7

Potency is inversely related to

Accepted Answer

A) the D2 enzyme. 
B) the LD50. 
C) the CP450. 
D) the ED50. 
A) the D2 enzyme. 
B) the LD50. 
C) the CP450. 
D) the ED50.

Question 8

Describe or define the following terms:
-Effective dose (ED50):

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe or define the following terms:
-Effective dose...

Question 9

An enzyme

Accepted Answer

A) is used in an electrical action 
B) is modified by a drug to produce an agonist 
C) inhibits the formation of drugs 
D) is a catalyst for a chemical reaction in the body 
A) is used in an electrical action 
B) is modified by a drug to produce an agonist 
C) inhibits the formation of drugs 
D) is a catalyst for a chemical reaction in the body

Question 10

A major difference between oral and intramuscular drug administration is

Accepted Answer

A) variability in absorption 
B) intensity of effect 
C) time of onset of effect 
D) all of these 
A) variability in absorption 
B) intensity of effect 
C) time of onset of effect 
D) all of these

Question 11

Although rarely used in humans, injections of drugs into the abdominal cavity, called _____________, is commonly used with small animals such as rats.

Accepted Answer

A) intraperitoneal injection 
B) intrathecal injection 
C) sublingual administration 
D) intraarterial injection 
A) intraperitoneal injection 
B) intrathecal injection 
C) sublingual administration 
D) intraarterial injection

Question 12

The "first pass" metabolism effect will occur primarily with drugs administered

Accepted Answer

A) orally 
B) rectally 
C) subcutaneously 
D) intravenously 
A) orally 
B) rectally 
C) subcutaneously 
D) intravenously

Question 13

Mathematically, how does one determine a drug's "therapeutic index"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mathematically, how does one determine a drug's...

Question 14

A drug's pharmacodynamics refers to its

Accepted Answer

A) movements through the body 
B) biochemical and physiological effects and mechanisms of action 
C) effects on behavior and mental processes 
D) metabolic properties 
A) movements through the body 
B) biochemical and physiological effects and mechanisms of action 
C) effects on behavior and mental processes 
D) metabolic properties

Question 15

A drug's therapeutic index is

Accepted Answer

A) a coarse measure of the relative safety of the drug 
B) derived by dividing the drug's ED50 by its LD50 
C) independent of the type of effect that is desired 
D) all of the above 
A) a coarse measure of the relative safety of the drug 
B) derived by dividing the drug's ED50 by its LD50 
C) independent of the type of effect that is desired 
D) all of the above

Question 16

Drug metabolism refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the chemical changes that the drug goes through in the body 
B) inactivation of the drug in the body 
C) an increase in activity of the drug in the body 
D) the activity of the drug at its site of action 
A) the chemical changes that the drug goes through in the body 
B) inactivation of the drug in the body 
C) an increase in activity of the drug in the body 
D) the activity of the drug at its site of action

Question 17

Metabolism of drugs by the liver can result in

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in their potency 
B) enhanced water solubility of the drug 
C) enhanced ionization of the drug 
D) all of the above 
A) an increase in their potency 
B) enhanced water solubility of the drug 
C) enhanced ionization of the drug 
D) all of the above

Question 18

The effects of a particular dose of a drug may differ significantly in young adults and elderly people, even if the dose is administered on a mg/kg basis.Give two reasons why this may occur.

Accepted Answer

Younger adults have more P450

Question 19

With chronic exposure, barbiturates and many other drugs with sedative properties have a tendency to ___________________ drug metabolizing enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) have little effect on 
B) increase production of 
C) decrease production of 
D) counteract the action of 
A) have little effect on 
B) increase production of 
C) decrease production of 
D) counteract the action of

Question 20

A drug's clinical efficacy is commonly determined on the basis of

Accepted Answer

A) the percentage of patients exhibiting symptom relief with the drug 
B) the degree of symptom relief produced in patients given the drug 
C) the time is takes for symptom relief to occur 
D) all of the above 
A) the percentage of patients exhibiting symptom relief with the drug 
B) the degree of symptom relief produced in patients given the drug 
C) the time is takes for symptom relief to occur 
D) all of the above

When a drug passes through the liver, the primary function of this organ is to

Drugs A and B both reduce depression, but drug A is twice as potent as drug B.This difference in potency is

The therapeutic index is a

What is the distinction between a drug's "clinical efficacy" and its "potency"?

Distinguish between a drug's "therapeutic index" and its "therapeutic window" (assuming the latter applies).

What is the primary function of the P450 enzymes in the liver?

Potency is inversely related to

Describe or define the following terms: -Effective dose (ED50):

An enzyme

A major difference between oral and intramuscular drug administration is

Although rarely used in humans, injections of drugs into the abdominal cavity, called _____________, is commonly used with small animals such as rats.

The "first pass" metabolism effect will occur primarily with drugs administered

Mathematically, how does one determine a drug's "therapeutic index"?

A drug's pharmacodynamics refers to its

A drug's therapeutic index is

Drug metabolism refers to

Metabolism of drugs by the liver can result in

The effects of a particular dose of a drug may differ significantly in young adults and elderly people, even if the dose is administered on a mg/kg basis.Give two reasons why this may occur.

With chronic exposure, barbiturates and many other drugs with sedative properties have a tendency to ___________________ drug metabolizing enzymes.

A drug's clinical efficacy is commonly determined on the basis of

Psychopharmacology in Perspective

Drug Classification and Behavioral Assessment

Excitability and Chemical Signaling in Nerve Cells

Synaptic Transmission, Drugs, and Chemical Neuroanatomy

Tolerance, Sensitization, Dependence, and Addiction

Psychomotor Stimulants and Antiparkinsonian Drugs

Antipsychotic Drugs and Neurochemical Hypotheses of Schizophrenia

Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Sedative-Hypnotics, Anxiolytics, and Anticonvulsants

Drug Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction

Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Opiates and Their Antagonists

Dissociative Anesthetics

Filters

Exam 3: Basic Principles of Pharmacology

When a drug passes through the liver, the primary function of this organ is to

Drugs A and B both reduce depression, but drug A is twice as potent as drug B.This difference in potency is

The therapeutic index is a

What is the distinction between a drug's "clinical efficacy" and its "potency"?

Distinguish between a drug's "therapeutic index" and its "therapeutic window" (assuming the latter applies).

What is the primary function of the P450 enzymes in the liver?

Potency is inversely related to

Describe or define the following terms: -Effective dose (ED50):

An enzyme

A major difference between oral and intramuscular drug administration is

Although rarely used in humans, injections of drugs into the abdominal cavity, called _____________, is commonly used with small animals such as rats.

The "first pass" metabolism effect will occur primarily with drugs administered

Mathematically, how does one determine a drug's "therapeutic index"?

A drug's pharmacodynamics refers to its

A drug's therapeutic index is

Drug metabolism refers to

Metabolism of drugs by the liver can result in

The effects of a particular dose of a drug may differ significantly in young adults and elderly people, even if the dose is administered on a mg/kg basis.Give two reasons why this may occur.

With chronic exposure, barbiturates and many other drugs with sedative properties have a tendency to ___________________ drug metabolizing enzymes.

A drug's clinical efficacy is commonly determined on the basis of

Psychopharmacology in Perspective

Drug Classification and Behavioral Assessment

Excitability and Chemical Signaling in Nerve Cells

Synaptic Transmission, Drugs, and Chemical Neuroanatomy

Tolerance, Sensitization, Dependence, and Addiction

Psychomotor Stimulants and Antiparkinsonian Drugs

Antipsychotic Drugs and Neurochemical Hypotheses of Schizophrenia

Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Sedative-Hypnotics, Anxiolytics, and Anticonvulsants

Drug Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction

Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Opiates and Their Antagonists

Dissociative Anesthetics

Filters