Exam 17: Sustainability and the Supply Chain

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The sustainability damage from landfill additives comes in which form?

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D

In general,the reverse logistics function for a manufacturer is more expensive to operate on a per unit basis than the forward logistics function that sends the products to market.

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The social pillar measures a firm's ability to address issues that are important for its workforce,customers,and society.

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________ has reduced the energy consumption of a location by 25 to 30 percent from their 2005 benchmark.

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McDonough and Braungart (2002)discuss the importance of ________ design if we are to truly limit the landfill inventory generated by a supply chain.

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In a command-and-control approach,the government or regulators help the common good by setting standards that everyone must adhere to.

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________ can be used to assess the environmental impacts associated with a product's life from cradle to grave.

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,a United Nations body that has been assessing global warming since 1990,has written that even though most of the buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has come from the United States and Western Europe,it is poorer countries that are closer to the equator that are likely to pay the biggest price.

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Hardin (1968)described the tragedy of the commons as a dilemma arising when the common good does not align perfectly with the good of individual entities.

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For individuals and firms to focus on sustainability,it is crucial that they

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Reducing greenhouse gas emissions was most cost effectively achieved by

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The polluter pays principle dictates that

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Walmart reported that in California,over ________ percent of waste has been diverted from landfills and made into something else that produces revenue.

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An energy exporting country stands to gain

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In the context of greenhouse gas emission,direct emissions

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________ worked with their equipment supplier,Siemens VAI,to create a new production process that cut costs and emissions by using local iron ore that was of lower quality but cheaper.

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In a cap-and-trade approach,the government creates an infinite number of tradeable emission allowances that must be surrendered to the companies generating the largest emissions.

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Arguably,the most significant waste in any supply chain occurs when

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For most firms,the extent of direct emissions is typically only a small fraction of the extent of indirect emissions in the supply chain.

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Most concrete action has been observed primarily when a focus on sustainability

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