Question 1

Match up the correct receptor type and effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  ionotropic; direct opening of an ion channel 
B)  ionotropic; more time required to open an ion channel 
C)  ionotropic; G protein activation leads to activation of a second-messenger 
D)  metabotropic; second-messenger effects are specific to neuronal communication 
E)  metabotropic; rapid short-lived effects on ion channels 
A)  ionotropic; direct opening of an ion channel 
B)  ionotropic; more time required to open an ion channel 
C)  ionotropic; G protein activation leads to activation of a second-messenger 
D)  metabotropic; second-messenger effects are specific to neuronal communication 
E)  metabotropic; rapid short-lived effects on ion channels

Question 2

The __________________ is a part of the brain that controls vomiting. The blood-brain barrier is much weaker there, permitting neurons in this region to detect the presence of toxic substances in the blood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________________ is a part of the...

Question 3

Small synaptic vesicles contain ___________, whereas large synaptic vesicles contain __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters; peptides 
B)  peptides; neurotransmitters 
C)  proteins; peptides 
D)  peptides; proteins 
E)  neurotransmitters; proteins 
A)  neurotransmitters; peptides 
B)  peptides; neurotransmitters 
C)  proteins; peptides 
D)  peptides; proteins 
E)  neurotransmitters; proteins

Question 4

The portion of a neuron that carries information toward the cell body is the

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite. 
B)  axon terminal. 
C)  presynaptic membrane. 
D)  soma. 
E)  glial membrane. 
A)  dendrite. 
B)  axon terminal. 
C)  presynaptic membrane. 
D)  soma. 
E)  glial membrane.

Question 5

The nervous system codes for variation in the intensity of incoming sensory stimuli by variations in the _______ of a neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  repolarization rate 
B)  resting membrane potential 
C)  speed of conduction of action potentials 
D)  total amplitude of the action potential 
E)  firing rate 
A)  repolarization rate 
B)  resting membrane potential 
C)  speed of conduction of action potentials 
D)  total amplitude of the action potential 
E)  firing rate

Question 6

The process of ________ ensures that ions will distribute themselves evenly through a solvent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of ________ ensures that ions...

Question 7

Which of the following is a key a function of the glial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  protection of the outer surface of the brain 
B)  removal of physical debris from the brain 
C)  secretion of CSF in the brain 
D)  movement of vesicles along the axon 
E)  the conduction of action potentials 
A)  protection of the outer surface of the brain 
B)  removal of physical debris from the brain 
C)  secretion of CSF in the brain 
D)  movement of vesicles along the axon 
E)  the conduction of action potentials

Question 8

A drug that specifically killed the _______ cells would be expected to alter the physical and nutritional support of brain cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  phagocyte 
B)  Schwann 
C)  microglia 
D)  astrocyte 
E)  microtubule 
A)  phagocyte 
B)  Schwann 
C)  microglia 
D)  astrocyte 
E)  microtubule

Question 9

An IPSP will be produced when a ligand

Accepted Answer

A)  closes a sodium channel. 
B)  opens a sodium channel. 
C)  opens a potassium channel. 
D)  closes a calcium channel. 
E)  opens a calcium channel. 
A)  closes a sodium channel. 
B)  opens a sodium channel. 
C)  opens a potassium channel. 
D)  closes a calcium channel. 
E)  opens a calcium channel.

Question 10

In a neuron at rest, the interior of the cell is more ________ charged than is the exterior of the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a neuron at rest, the interior...

Question 11

In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors

Accepted Answer

A)  have effects that occur quicker. 
B)  have effects that occur slower. 
C)  have effects that last an instant. 
D)  have effects that last for a limited duration. 
E)  act directly on ion channels. 
A)  have effects that occur quicker. 
B)  have effects that occur slower. 
C)  have effects that last an instant. 
D)  have effects that last for a limited duration. 
E)  act directly on ion channels.

Question 12

Explain how the presence of myelin on an axon speeds up conduction velocity.

Accepted Answer

In saltatory conduction, the axon is wra

Question 13

A neuron membrane potential moves from -90 mV to -80 mV in response to a brief stimulation. We would term this change in potential as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization. 
B)  resting potential. 
C)  action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization. 
E)  inhibitory local potential. 
A)  depolarization. 
B)  resting potential. 
C)  action potential. 
D)  hyperpolarization. 
E)  inhibitory local potential.

Question 14

A substance that forms oppositely charged particles when dissolved into water would be termed a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  ion. 
B)  molecule. 
C)  electrolyte. 
D)  cation. 
E)  anion. 
A)  ion. 
B)  molecule. 
C)  electrolyte. 
D)  cation. 
E)  anion.

Question 15

Signals are carried across the synapse by

Accepted Answer

A)  direct electrical connections between the two cells. 
B)  the secretion of transmitter molecules into the synapse. 
C)  the transfer of ions from one cell to another. 
D)  carrier molecules. 
E)  the sodium-potassium pump. 
A)  direct electrical connections between the two cells. 
B)  the secretion of transmitter molecules into the synapse. 
C)  the transfer of ions from one cell to another. 
D)  carrier molecules. 
E)  the sodium-potassium pump.

Question 16

If a bowling ball fell on your foot, the action potentials would differ from a feather falling on your foot. The action potentials for the bowling ball would be

Accepted Answer

A)  larger in size and faster in occurrence. 
B)  the same size as for the feather but they would be slower in occurrence. 
C)  the same size as for the feather but they would be faster in occurrence. 
D)  larger in size and slower in occurrence. 
E)  smaller in size and faster in occurrence. 
A)  larger in size and faster in occurrence. 
B)  the same size as for the feather but they would be slower in occurrence. 
C)  the same size as for the feather but they would be faster in occurrence. 
D)  larger in size and slower in occurrence. 
E)  smaller in size and faster in occurrence.

Question 17

Which of the following is true of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  The barrier is uniform, protecting all brain structures. 
B)  The barrier pumps glucose out of the brain into the bloodstream. 
C)  The barrier functions to regulate the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid surrounding the brain cells. 
D)  The barrier is formed by cells that line the capillaries of the brain. 
E)  The ventricles have a blood-brain barrier. 
A)  The barrier is uniform, protecting all brain structures. 
B)  The barrier pumps glucose out of the brain into the bloodstream. 
C)  The barrier functions to regulate the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid surrounding the brain cells. 
D)  The barrier is formed by cells that line the capillaries of the brain. 
E)  The ventricles have a blood-brain barrier.

Question 18

A key function of lysosomes is to

Accepted Answer

A)  move vesicles from the soma to the axon terminal. 
B)  produce proteins. 
C)  degrade surplus cellular materials. 
D)  provide energy to the neuron. 
E)  transport vesicles within the neuron. 
A)  move vesicles from the soma to the axon terminal. 
B)  produce proteins. 
C)  degrade surplus cellular materials. 
D)  provide energy to the neuron. 
E)  transport vesicles within the neuron.

Question 19

As you study for your neuroscience exam, you feel a tickle on your arm. You look and see a large spider and you jerk your arm automatically. What might be the neural path for this action?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neuron -> interneuron -> motor neuron -> muscle 
B)  interneuron -> sensory neuron -> motor neuron -> muscle 
C)  motor neuron -> sensory neuron -> interneuron -> muscle 
D)  sensory neuron -> motor neuron -> interneuron -> muscle 
E)  motor neuron -> interneuron -> sensory neuron -> muscle 
A)  sensory neuron -> interneuron -> motor neuron -> muscle 
B)  interneuron -> sensory neuron -> motor neuron -> muscle 
C)  motor neuron -> sensory neuron -> interneuron -> muscle 
D)  sensory neuron -> motor neuron -> interneuron -> muscle 
E)  motor neuron -> interneuron -> sensory neuron -> muscle

Question 20

If the inner voltage of a cell is -70 mV and application of stimulation results in a -95 mV charge, the stimulation had a ____________ effect. On the other hand, a resultant charge of +40 mV would be a ___________ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpolarizing; depolarizing 
B)  depolarizing; hyperpolarizing 
C)  repolarizing; depolarizing 
D)  repolarizing; hyperpolarizing 
E)  hyperpolarizing; repolarizing 
A)  hyperpolarizing; depolarizing 
B)  depolarizing; hyperpolarizing 
C)  repolarizing; depolarizing 
D)  repolarizing; hyperpolarizing 
E)  hyperpolarizing; repolarizing

Match up the correct receptor type and effect.

The __________________ is a part of the brain that controls vomiting. The blood-brain barrier is much weaker there, permitting neurons in this region to detect the presence of toxic substances in the blood.

Small synaptic vesicles contain _, whereas large synaptic vesicles contain .

The portion of a neuron that carries information toward the cell body is the

The nervous system codes for variation in the intensity of incoming sensory stimuli by variations in the _______ of a neuron.

The process of ________ ensures that ions will distribute themselves evenly through a solvent.

Which of the following is a key a function of the glial cells?

A drug that specifically killed the _______ cells would be expected to alter the physical and nutritional support of brain cells.

An IPSP will be produced when a ligand

In a neuron at rest, the interior of the cell is more ________ charged than is the exterior of the cell.

In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors

Explain how the presence of myelin on an axon speeds up conduction velocity.

A neuron membrane potential moves from -90 mV to -80 mV in response to a brief stimulation. We would term this change in potential as a(n)

A substance that forms oppositely charged particles when dissolved into water would be termed a(n)

Signals are carried across the synapse by

If a bowling ball fell on your foot, the action potentials would differ from a feather falling on your foot. The action potentials for the bowling ball would be

Which of the following is true of the blood-brain barrier?

A key function of lysosomes is to

As you study for your neuroscience exam, you feel a tickle on your arm. You look and see a large spider and you jerk your arm automatically. What might be the neural path for this action?

If the inner voltage of a cell is -70 mV and application of stimulation results in a -95 mV charge, the stimulation had a __ effect. On the other hand, a resultant charge of +40 mV would be a _ effect.

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Substance Abuse

Filters

Exam 2: Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

Match up the correct receptor type and effect.

The __________________ is a part of the brain that controls vomiting. The blood-brain barrier is much weaker there, permitting neurons in this region to detect the presence of toxic substances in the blood.

Small synaptic vesicles contain ___________, whereas large synaptic vesicles contain __________.

The portion of a neuron that carries information toward the cell body is the

The nervous system codes for variation in the intensity of incoming sensory stimuli by variations in the _______ of a neuron.

The process of ________ ensures that ions will distribute themselves evenly through a solvent.

Which of the following is a key a function of the glial cells?

A drug that specifically killed the _______ cells would be expected to alter the physical and nutritional support of brain cells.

An IPSP will be produced when a ligand

In a neuron at rest, the interior of the cell is more ________ charged than is the exterior of the cell.

In comparison to ionotropic receptors, metabotropic receptors

Explain how the presence of myelin on an axon speeds up conduction velocity.

A neuron membrane potential moves from -90 mV to -80 mV in response to a brief stimulation. We would term this change in potential as a(n)

A substance that forms oppositely charged particles when dissolved into water would be termed a(n)

Signals are carried across the synapse by

If a bowling ball fell on your foot, the action potentials would differ from a feather falling on your foot. The action potentials for the bowling ball would be

Which of the following is true of the blood-brain barrier?

A key function of lysosomes is to

As you study for your neuroscience exam, you feel a tickle on your arm. You look and see a large spider and you jerk your arm automatically. What might be the neural path for this action?

If the inner voltage of a cell is -70 mV and application of stimulation results in a -95 mV charge, the stimulation had a ____________ effect. On the other hand, a resultant charge of +40 mV would be a ___________ effect.

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Substance Abuse

Filters

Small synaptic vesicles contain _, whereas large synaptic vesicles contain .

If the inner voltage of a cell is -70 mV and application of stimulation results in a -95 mV charge, the stimulation had a __ effect. On the other hand, a resultant charge of +40 mV would be a _ effect.