Question 1

With regard to release of neurotransmitter in the brain, "kiss and run" refers to the situation in which the vesicle

Accepted Answer

A)  releases most of its contents into the cleft and the vesicle remains attached to the presynaptic membrane. 
B)  closes before releasing any molecules and then moves to the cell interior. 
C)  remains open until the next action potential. 
D)  releases most of its contents into the cleft, after which the vesicle breaks away from the presynaptic membrane and is refilled. 
E)  merges completely with the presynaptic membrane. 
A)  releases most of its contents into the cleft and the vesicle remains attached to the presynaptic membrane. 
B)  closes before releasing any molecules and then moves to the cell interior. 
C)  remains open until the next action potential. 
D)  releases most of its contents into the cleft, after which the vesicle breaks away from the presynaptic membrane and is refilled. 
E)  merges completely with the presynaptic membrane.

Question 2

________ are metabotropic receptors located in the presynaptic membrane that provide negative feedback onto transmitter release.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are metabotropic receptors located in the...

Question 3

Influx of ____ or _____ ions result in EPSPs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+; Ca++ 
B)  Cl-; Na+ 
C)  Ca++; Cl- 
D)  Cl-; K+ 
E)  A-; K+ 
A)  Na+; Ca++ 
B)  Cl-; Na+ 
C)  Ca++; Cl- 
D)  Cl-; K+ 
E)  A-; K+

Question 4

The central nervous system consists of the ________ and the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The central nervous system consists of the...

Question 5

Movement of _______ ions _______ the axon would be induced by the force of diffusion.

Accepted Answer

A)  chloride; out of 
B)  sodium; into 
C)  potassium; into 
D)  organic; into 
E)  sodium; out of 
A)  chloride; out of 
B)  sodium; into 
C)  potassium; into 
D)  organic; into 
E)  sodium; out of

Question 6

When substances are transported from the terminal buttons at the end of the axon back to the soma, this process is referred to as ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde axoplasmic transport 
B)  systemic axoplasmic transport 
C)  anterograde axoplasmic transport 
D)  peripheral axoplasmic transport 
E)  anterograde somatoplasmic transport 
A)  retrograde axoplasmic transport 
B)  systemic axoplasmic transport 
C)  anterograde axoplasmic transport 
D)  peripheral axoplasmic transport 
E)  anterograde somatoplasmic transport

Question 7

The cell membrane is formed by a dual layer of ________ molecules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cell membrane is formed by a...

Question 8

_______ will be recorded from a nerve cell whose membrane potential rises above threshold.

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential 
B)  local potential 
C)  downward shift of the threshold of excitation 
D)  upward shift of the membrane threshold 
E)  long-term change in the membrane potential 
A)  action potential 
B)  local potential 
C)  downward shift of the threshold of excitation 
D)  upward shift of the membrane threshold 
E)  long-term change in the membrane potential

Question 9

_______ neurons function to contract muscles.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensory 
B)  Motor 
C)  Inter- 
D)  Relay 
E)  Local 
A)  Sensory 
B)  Motor 
C)  Inter- 
D)  Relay 
E)  Local

Question 10

Neuromodulators are

Accepted Answer

A)  rarely of a peptide form. 
B)  secreted from neurons, but dispersed widely in the brain. 
C)  inevitably inhibitory. 
D)  secreted from a neuron and only affect an adjacent neuron. 
E)  typically secreted in very small amounts compared to neurotransmitters. 
A)  rarely of a peptide form. 
B)  secreted from neurons, but dispersed widely in the brain. 
C)  inevitably inhibitory. 
D)  secreted from a neuron and only affect an adjacent neuron. 
E)  typically secreted in very small amounts compared to neurotransmitters.

Question 11

The _______ are the key supply source of energy for neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  phagocytes 
B)  Schwann cells 
C)  dendrocytes 
D)  astrocytes 
E)  microtubules 
A)  phagocytes 
B)  Schwann cells 
C)  dendrocytes 
D)  astrocytes 
E)  microtubules

Question 12

The postsynaptic potentials induced by acetylcholine are ended via

Accepted Answer

A)  disruption of the nicotinic postsynaptic receptor. 
B)  enzymatic degradation via acetylcholinesterase. 
C)  inhibition of acetylcholine synthesis. 
D)  facilitation of acetylcholine release. 
E)  reuptake of acetylcholine. 
A)  disruption of the nicotinic postsynaptic receptor. 
B)  enzymatic degradation via acetylcholinesterase. 
C)  inhibition of acetylcholine synthesis. 
D)  facilitation of acetylcholine release. 
E)  reuptake of acetylcholine.

Question 13

A scan shows that a particular substance has spread throughout the body via the bloodstream but has not entered the brain. This finding demonstrates the existence of

Accepted Answer

A)  the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  blood efficacy. 
C)  medicine effects. 
D)  the lipid bilayer. 
E)  the doctrine of specific nerve energies. 
A)  the blood-brain barrier. 
B)  blood efficacy. 
C)  medicine effects. 
D)  the lipid bilayer. 
E)  the doctrine of specific nerve energies.

Question 14

What is true about axons?

Accepted Answer

A)  They receive information from other neurons. 
B)  Axons can only be two inches long. 
C)  Axons house the Golgi apparatus. 
D)  Axons generate the energy of the cell. 
E)  The longest axon in a human stretches from the foot to a region located in the base of the brain. 
A)  They receive information from other neurons. 
B)  Axons can only be two inches long. 
C)  Axons house the Golgi apparatus. 
D)  Axons generate the energy of the cell. 
E)  The longest axon in a human stretches from the foot to a region located in the base of the brain.

Question 15

The function of a _______ in a giant squid physiology experiment is to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  microelectrode; inject potassium ions into the axon 
B)  voltmeter; stimulate the interior of the axon 
C)  microelectrode; compare the electric charge of the interior with that of the exterior 
D)  voltmeter; compare the electric charge of the interior with that of the exterior 
E)  microelectrode; dampen the electric charge within the axon 
A)  microelectrode; inject potassium ions into the axon 
B)  voltmeter; stimulate the interior of the axon 
C)  microelectrode; compare the electric charge of the interior with that of the exterior 
D)  voltmeter; compare the electric charge of the interior with that of the exterior 
E)  microelectrode; dampen the electric charge within the axon

Question 16

Which of the following sets of terms do NOT belong together?

Accepted Answer

A)  saltatory conduction; faster conduction speeds in smaller neurons 
B)  open sodium channels; membrane depolarization 
C)  saltatory conduction; slower conduction speeds in smaller neurons 
D)  open potassium channels; membrane repolarization 
E)  sodium-potassium pump; restoration of the normal concentrations of these ions 
A)  saltatory conduction; faster conduction speeds in smaller neurons 
B)  open sodium channels; membrane depolarization 
C)  saltatory conduction; slower conduction speeds in smaller neurons 
D)  open potassium channels; membrane repolarization 
E)  sodium-potassium pump; restoration of the normal concentrations of these ions

Question 17

Neurotransmitter molecules are most commonly secreted from the

Accepted Answer

A)  glial cell. 
B)  dendrite. 
C)  axon terminal. 
D)  dendritic apposition. 
E)  soma. 
A)  glial cell. 
B)  dendrite. 
C)  axon terminal. 
D)  dendritic apposition. 
E)  soma.

Question 18

Saltatory conduction is rapid because

Accepted Answer

A)  cable properties carry the signal under the myelin sheath. 
B)  myelinated cells have more leakage through the membrane. 
C)  myelinated axons are larger in diameter. 
D)  myelinated cells have more ion channels per unit area than do non-myelinated cells. 
E)  myelinated fibers have a lower threshold of activation. 
A)  cable properties carry the signal under the myelin sheath. 
B)  myelinated cells have more leakage through the membrane. 
C)  myelinated axons are larger in diameter. 
D)  myelinated cells have more ion channels per unit area than do non-myelinated cells. 
E)  myelinated fibers have a lower threshold of activation.

Question 19

A ________ myelinated fiber will conduct action potentials more rapidly than will a thin myelinated fiber.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________ myelinated fiber will conduct action...

Question 20

The process by which similarly charged particles repel each other and are thus moved within a medium is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion. 
B)  carrier-mediated transport. 
C)  refraction. 
D)  electrostatic pressure. 
E)  diffraction. 
A)  diffusion. 
B)  carrier-mediated transport. 
C)  refraction. 
D)  electrostatic pressure. 
E)  diffraction.

With regard to release of neurotransmitter in the brain, "kiss and run" refers to the situation in which the vesicle

________ are metabotropic receptors located in the presynaptic membrane that provide negative feedback onto transmitter release.

Influx of or _ ions result in EPSPs.

The central nervous system consists of the and the .

Movement of _ ions _ the axon would be induced by the force of diffusion.

When substances are transported from the terminal buttons at the end of the axon back to the soma, this process is referred to as ____________.

The cell membrane is formed by a dual layer of ________ molecules.

_______ will be recorded from a nerve cell whose membrane potential rises above threshold.

_______ neurons function to contract muscles.

Neuromodulators are

The _______ are the key supply source of energy for neurons.

The postsynaptic potentials induced by acetylcholine are ended via

A scan shows that a particular substance has spread throughout the body via the bloodstream but has not entered the brain. This finding demonstrates the existence of

What is true about axons?

The function of a _ in a giant squid physiology experiment is to _.

Which of the following sets of terms do NOT belong together?

Neurotransmitter molecules are most commonly secreted from the

Saltatory conduction is rapid because

A ________ myelinated fiber will conduct action potentials more rapidly than will a thin myelinated fiber.

The process by which similarly charged particles repel each other and are thus moved within a medium is termed

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Substance Abuse

Filters

Exam 2: Structure and Function of Cells of the Nervous System

With regard to release of neurotransmitter in the brain, "kiss and run" refers to the situation in which the vesicle

________ are metabotropic receptors located in the presynaptic membrane that provide negative feedback onto transmitter release.

Influx of ____ or _____ ions result in EPSPs.

The central nervous system consists of the ________ and the ________.

Movement of _______ ions _______ the axon would be induced by the force of diffusion.

When substances are transported from the terminal buttons at the end of the axon back to the soma, this process is referred to as ____________.

The cell membrane is formed by a dual layer of ________ molecules.

_______ will be recorded from a nerve cell whose membrane potential rises above threshold.

_______ neurons function to contract muscles.

Neuromodulators are

The _______ are the key supply source of energy for neurons.

The postsynaptic potentials induced by acetylcholine are ended via

A scan shows that a particular substance has spread throughout the body via the bloodstream but has not entered the brain. This finding demonstrates the existence of

What is true about axons?

The function of a _______ in a giant squid physiology experiment is to _______.

Which of the following sets of terms do NOT belong together?

Neurotransmitter molecules are most commonly secreted from the

Saltatory conduction is rapid because

A ________ myelinated fiber will conduct action potentials more rapidly than will a thin myelinated fiber.

The process by which similarly charged particles repel each other and are thus moved within a medium is termed

Introduction

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Control of Movement

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia and the Affective Disorders

Anxiety Disorders, Autistic Disorder, attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder, and Stress Disorders

Substance Abuse

Filters

Influx of or _ ions result in EPSPs.

The central nervous system consists of the and the .

Movement of _ ions _ the axon would be induced by the force of diffusion.

The function of a _ in a giant squid physiology experiment is to _.