Exam 4: The Cell

Which of these processes brings into the cell large macromolecules and particles by the formation of a vesicle in the outer membrane?

Certain molecules (called glycoproteins) are on the outer surface of the plasma membrane. They have the function of ________.

The virus that causes rabies travels up nerve cells to the brain and spinal cord. Which cell structures will allow the virus to move through the nerve cells?

The first phase in normal cellular respiration and the only one occurring in the cytoplasm is called ________.

Heart muscle works hard and therefore consumes much ATP. Which organelles would you expect to be especially numerous in the heart muscle cells?

Mitochondrial diseases ________.

Microfilaments are made of ________.

Why might the lungs of smokers look dirtier than those of nonsmokers, assuming all other aspects of their lives are similar? What organelle is involved?

Ricin is a potential chemical warfare agent that kills by disabling the ribosomes. With ricin poisoning, a cell would no longer be able to make ________.

Random movement from a region with higher concentration to a region with lower concentration in the cell is called ________.

What are lysosomes, and how do they work in the cell?

Zara has worked for 40 years at a garden center, where she often potted plants. In the early days, she frequently worked with vermiculite, an asbestos-like material. Which organelles are most likely to have destabilized membranes as a result of exposure to vermiculite?

________ is the process by which large molecules and cell products leave the cell through the phospholipid membrane.

When bacteria appear in tissues, a type of large cell engulfs and destroys them. Which process are these cells using to engulf the bacteria?

Which of the following is not a membrane-bound organelle?

If a liver cell were to be placed in a beaker with a solution containing the same solute concentration as that found inside the cell, we would say that the beaker contained a(n) ________ solution.

Maria, a volunteer firefighter in New Jersey, rushed along with the rest of her fire company to lower Manhattan on that awful morning of September 11, 2001. As they crossed over the Hudson into the city, they heard that the towers had collapsed, so they helped search through the rubble and dust from the buildings to find survivors. Maria has now developed serious health problems based on her exposure to the rubble and dust, which included asbestos and many other small particles. Which organ system and which organelle do you think are most likely failing in this brave woman's body?

A cell is limited in its size by ________.

Compare and contrast isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions. What happens when a normal animal cell finds itself in any of the three kinds of solutions?