Question 1

Scott and Kathy want to know what they can do to make it more likely that their children will have high IQ scores. What would you recommend they do?

Accepted Answer

A) Keep play materials to a minimum. 
B) Maintain a relaxed, unorganized home environment because organization can stifle intellectual development. 
C) Be responsive and involved with the children. 
D) Don't worry about it. Environment has little or no influence on IQ scores. 
A) Keep play materials to a minimum. 
B) Maintain a relaxed, unorganized home environment because organization can stifle intellectual development. 
C) Be responsive and involved with the children. 
D) Don't worry about it. Environment has little or no influence on IQ scores.

Question 2

Stevenson and Lee's work comparing math achievement in the United States, Japan, and Taiwan has shown that differences in ________ account for the differences in math achievement.

Accepted Answer

A) IQ between children in the United States and the Asian countries 
B) parental expectations and attitudes in the different countries 
C) general cognitive skill between the children in the different countries 
D) genetic makeup between children in the different countries 
A) IQ between children in the United States and the Asian countries 
B) parental expectations and attitudes in the different countries 
C) general cognitive skill between the children in the different countries 
D) genetic makeup between children in the different countries

Question 3

On average, who usually gets the best grades in math courses?

Accepted Answer

A) Boys get better grades than girls in elementary school, high school, and university. 
B) Girls get better grades than boys in elementary school, high school, and university. 
C) Girls get better grades in elementary school, but boys get better grades in high school and university. 
D) Boys get better grades in elementary school, but girls get better grades in high school and university. 
A) Boys get better grades than girls in elementary school, high school, and university. 
B) Girls get better grades than boys in elementary school, high school, and university. 
C) Girls get better grades in elementary school, but boys get better grades in high school and university. 
D) Boys get better grades in elementary school, but girls get better grades in high school and university.

Question 4

Effective teachers

Accepted Answer

A) encourage dependence. 
B) encourage independence. 
C) discourage peer tutoring. 
D) encourage peer tutoring. 
A) encourage dependence. 
B) encourage independence. 
C) discourage peer tutoring. 
D) encourage peer tutoring.

Question 5

As Wendy read her textbook, she wrote summaries of each section. When she met with her study group, she was able to answer many but not all of the questions posed by members of her study group. What should she do next?

Accepted Answer

A) She should choose a different memory strategy. 
B) She should keep using her current strategy but concentrate on summarizing parts of the textbook she knows least well. 
C) She should stop studying because she used an effective memory strategy and knows most of the material already. 
D) She should stop going to the study group and study by herself. 
A) She should choose a different memory strategy. 
B) She should keep using her current strategy but concentrate on summarizing parts of the textbook she knows least well. 
C) She should stop studying because she used an effective memory strategy and knows most of the material already. 
D) She should stop going to the study group and study by herself.

Question 6

Knowledge that helps organize information and give it meaning

Accepted Answer

A) decreases with age. 
B) increases with age. 
C) does not change with age. 
D) does not influence memory. 
A) decreases with age. 
B) increases with age. 
C) does not change with age. 
D) does not influence memory.

Question 7

Some research has provided support for the notion that there is a general factor of intelligence, but other investigations have suggested that intelligence consists of distinct abilities. These discrepant results were first resolved by proposing

Accepted Answer

A) information processing approaches. 
B) hierarchical theories of intelligence. 
C) Piaget's theory of cognitive development. 
D) Vygotsky's zone of proximal development. 
A) information processing approaches. 
B) hierarchical theories of intelligence. 
C) Piaget's theory of cognitive development. 
D) Vygotsky's zone of proximal development.

Question 8

________ refers to the extent that a test actually measures what it was hypothesized to measure when it was created.

Accepted Answer

A) Psychometrics 
B) Contextuality 
C) Validity 
D) Reliability 
A) Psychometrics 
B) Contextuality 
C) Validity 
D) Reliability

Question 9

The validity of an intelligence test is usually measured by correlating scores on the test with all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) grades in school. 
B) a second administration of the same test. 
C) teachers' ratings of their students. 
D) scores on an established test of intelligence. 
A) grades in school. 
B) a second administration of the same test. 
C) teachers' ratings of their students. 
D) scores on an established test of intelligence.

Question 10

Gardner's theory of intelligence

Accepted Answer

A) suggests that one general factor of intelligence exists. 
B) does not address the issue of the development of intelligence. 
C) is a very narrow theory of intelligence. 
D) suggests that different intelligences are regulated by different regions of the brain. 
A) suggests that one general factor of intelligence exists. 
B) does not address the issue of the development of intelligence. 
C) is a very narrow theory of intelligence. 
D) suggests that different intelligences are regulated by different regions of the brain.

Question 11

One theory as to why males possess superior spatial ability is that there is a ________ gene on the ________ chromosome that facilitates spatial ability.

Accepted Answer

A) dominant; Y 
B) recessive; Y 
C) dominant; X 
D) recessive; X 
A) dominant; Y 
B) recessive; Y 
C) dominant; X 
D) recessive; X

Question 12

An American crisis in schools between 1890‒1915 occurred

Accepted Answer

A) when they doubled in size. 
B) students were much more eager and easier to teach than before. 
C) new policies toward child labour forced parents to send their children to school in order avoid the cruel treatment they would otherwise receive in the workplace. 
D) when the "select few" were much less capable than the students teachers previously had in their classrooms. 
A) when they doubled in size. 
B) students were much more eager and easier to teach than before. 
C) new policies toward child labour forced parents to send their children to school in order avoid the cruel treatment they would otherwise receive in the workplace. 
D) when the "select few" were much less capable than the students teachers previously had in their classrooms.

Question 13

As children receive formal instruction in arithmetic in first grade, they are more likely to solve addition problems by counting

Accepted Answer

A) mentally. 
B) on their fingers. 
C) aloud. 
D) on both hands. 
A) mentally. 
B) on their fingers. 
C) aloud. 
D) on both hands.

Question 14

Sternberg's componential subtheory of intelligence

Accepted Answer

A) states that intelligence is partly defined by environmental or cultural context. 
B) associates intelligence with more efficient organization and use of processing skills. 
C) considers the familiarity of the task. 
D) is concerned with the contents of intelligence. 
A) states that intelligence is partly defined by environmental or cultural context. 
B) associates intelligence with more efficient organization and use of processing skills. 
C) considers the familiarity of the task. 
D) is concerned with the contents of intelligence.

Question 15

Information that is not transferred from working memory to ________ is lost.

Accepted Answer

A) sensory memory 
B) long-term memory 
C) a memory strategy 
D) the information processor 
A) sensory memory 
B) long-term memory 
C) a memory strategy 
D) the information processor

Question 16

The process of extracting meaning from a sequence of words is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) word recognition. 
B) phonological awareness. 
C) the one-to-one principle. 
D) comprehension. 
A) word recognition. 
B) phonological awareness. 
C) the one-to-one principle. 
D) comprehension.

Question 17

Students learn the most when teachers

Accepted Answer

A) spend a lot of time disciplining students. 
B) don't spend very much time on a single topic. 
C) teach actively. 
D) discourage peer tutoring. 
A) spend a lot of time disciplining students. 
B) don't spend very much time on a single topic. 
C) teach actively. 
D) discourage peer tutoring.

Question 18

Who has the most accurate opinion about gender differences in math skills?

Accepted Answer

A) Rosie, who thinks that boys usually get better grades than girls in high school math courses 
B) Opal, who thinks that in elementary school, girls are better than boys in math computation 
C) Sally, who thinks that girls are better than boys in math problem solving at all ages 
D) Gerald, who think that boys are better than girls in all areas of math at all ages 
A) Rosie, who thinks that boys usually get better grades than girls in high school math courses 
B) Opal, who thinks that in elementary school, girls are better than boys in math computation 
C) Sally, who thinks that girls are better than boys in math problem solving at all ages 
D) Gerald, who think that boys are better than girls in all areas of math at all ages

Question 19

Most intelligence tests best predict success in a ________ environment.

Accepted Answer

A) home 
B) work 
C) social 
D) school 
A) home 
B) work 
C) social 
D) school

Question 20

________ include test items based on experiences common to many cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) Regular intelligence tests 
B) Culture-fair intelligence tests 
C) Reliable tests 
D) Habituation measures 
A) Regular intelligence tests 
B) Culture-fair intelligence tests 
C) Reliable tests 
D) Habituation measures

Scott and Kathy want to know what they can do to make it more likely that their children will have high IQ scores. What would you recommend they do?

Stevenson and Lee's work comparing math achievement in the United States, Japan, and Taiwan has shown that differences in ________ account for the differences in math achievement.

On average, who usually gets the best grades in math courses?

Effective teachers

As Wendy read her textbook, she wrote summaries of each section. When she met with her study group, she was able to answer many but not all of the questions posed by members of her study group. What should she do next?

Knowledge that helps organize information and give it meaning

Some research has provided support for the notion that there is a general factor of intelligence, but other investigations have suggested that intelligence consists of distinct abilities. These discrepant results were first resolved by proposing

________ refers to the extent that a test actually measures what it was hypothesized to measure when it was created.

The validity of an intelligence test is usually measured by correlating scores on the test with all of the following except

Gardner's theory of intelligence

One theory as to why males possess superior spatial ability is that there is a gene on the chromosome that facilitates spatial ability.

An American crisis in schools between 1890‒1915 occurred

As children receive formal instruction in arithmetic in first grade, they are more likely to solve addition problems by counting

Sternberg's componential subtheory of intelligence

Information that is not transferred from working memory to ________ is lost.

The process of extracting meaning from a sequence of words is referred to as

Students learn the most when teachers

Who has the most accurate opinion about gender differences in math skills?

Most intelligence tests best predict success in a ________ environment.

________ include test items based on experiences common to many cultures.

Child Development: Theories and Themes

Research in Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Cognition in Infants and Toddlers

Social and Emotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Growth in Preschool Children

Cognitive Development in Preschool Children

Social and Emotional Development in Preschool Children

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Growth in Adolescents

Cognitive Processes in Adolescents

Social and Emotional Development in Adolescents

Filters

Exam 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Scott and Kathy want to know what they can do to make it more likely that their children will have high IQ scores. What would you recommend they do?

Stevenson and Lee's work comparing math achievement in the United States, Japan, and Taiwan has shown that differences in ________ account for the differences in math achievement.

On average, who usually gets the best grades in math courses?

Effective teachers

As Wendy read her textbook, she wrote summaries of each section. When she met with her study group, she was able to answer many but not all of the questions posed by members of her study group. What should she do next?

Knowledge that helps organize information and give it meaning

Some research has provided support for the notion that there is a general factor of intelligence, but other investigations have suggested that intelligence consists of distinct abilities. These discrepant results were first resolved by proposing

________ refers to the extent that a test actually measures what it was hypothesized to measure when it was created.

The validity of an intelligence test is usually measured by correlating scores on the test with all of the following except

Gardner's theory of intelligence

One theory as to why males possess superior spatial ability is that there is a ________ gene on the ________ chromosome that facilitates spatial ability.

An American crisis in schools between 1890‒1915 occurred

As children receive formal instruction in arithmetic in first grade, they are more likely to solve addition problems by counting

Sternberg's componential subtheory of intelligence

Information that is not transferred from working memory to ________ is lost.

The process of extracting meaning from a sequence of words is referred to as

Students learn the most when teachers

Who has the most accurate opinion about gender differences in math skills?

Most intelligence tests best predict success in a ________ environment.

________ include test items based on experiences common to many cultures.

Child Development: Theories and Themes

Research in Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Cognition in Infants and Toddlers

Social and Emotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Growth in Preschool Children

Cognitive Development in Preschool Children

Social and Emotional Development in Preschool Children

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Growth in Adolescents

Cognitive Processes in Adolescents

Social and Emotional Development in Adolescents

Filters

One theory as to why males possess superior spatial ability is that there is a gene on the chromosome that facilitates spatial ability.