Question 1

According to information-processing theory, mental hardware

Accepted Answer

A) does not change with development. 
B) refers to cognitive structures. 
C) includes organized sets of cognitive processes. 
D) becomes less sophisticated with age. 
A) does not change with development. 
B) refers to cognitive structures. 
C) includes organized sets of cognitive processes. 
D) becomes less sophisticated with age.

Question 2

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

Accepted Answer

A) realizing that he is an independent person. 
B) establishing an intimate relationship with another person. 
C) developing a sense of trust in the world. 
D) developing a sense of his own identity. 
A) realizing that he is an independent person. 
B) establishing an intimate relationship with another person. 
C) developing a sense of trust in the world. 
D) developing a sense of his own identity.

Question 3

The French philosopher, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, believed that

Accepted Answer

A) the human infant is born a tabula rasa. 
B) infants were born with an innate sense of justice and morality. 
C) experience moulds each human into a unique individual. 
D) parents should teach their children rationality and self-control. 
A) the human infant is born a tabula rasa. 
B) infants were born with an innate sense of justice and morality. 
C) experience moulds each human into a unique individual. 
D) parents should teach their children rationality and self-control.

Question 4

Which of the following journals is produced in Canada out of the University of Calgary?

Accepted Answer

A) Theory and Psychology 
B) Psychology Today 
C) Educational Psychology Review 
D) Journal of Child Development 
A) Theory and Psychology 
B) Psychology Today 
C) Educational Psychology Review 
D) Journal of Child Development

Question 5

An evolutionary perspective is most closely associated with which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

A) ecological 
B) psychodynamic 
C) maturational 
D) ethological 
A) ecological 
B) psychodynamic 
C) maturational 
D) ethological

Question 6

An emotional bond between human children and their parents is sometimes called

Accepted Answer

A) imprinting. 
B) adapting. 
C) attachment. 
D) maturation. 
A) imprinting. 
B) adapting. 
C) attachment. 
D) maturation.

Question 7

According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory,

Accepted Answer

A) events that happen in one microsystem do not influence other microsystems. 
B) only one's immediate environment influences development. 
C) individuals experience exosystems first hand. 
D) the macrosystem is the broadest environmental context. 
A) events that happen in one microsystem do not influence other microsystems. 
B) only one's immediate environment influences development. 
C) individuals experience exosystems first hand. 
D) the macrosystem is the broadest environmental context.

Question 8

Heather believes her 12-month-old daughter will develop optimally if Heather gives her freedom to grow naturally and does not try to shape her development. Heather's beliefs about child-rearing are most similar to those of

Accepted Answer

A) Sigmund Freud. 
B) Urie Bronfenbrenner. 
C) John Locke. 
D) Jean-Jacques Rousseau. 
A) Sigmund Freud. 
B) Urie Bronfenbrenner. 
C) John Locke. 
D) Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

Question 9

The idea that the mind of the human infant is tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that

Accepted Answer

A) experience moulds each person into a unique individual. 
B) children should be left alone so that their good natures can unfold. 
C) heredity plays a major role in an individual's development. 
D) infants cannot think because their minds are blank. 
A) experience moulds each person into a unique individual. 
B) children should be left alone so that their good natures can unfold. 
C) heredity plays a major role in an individual's development. 
D) infants cannot think because their minds are blank.

Question 10

Erikson proposed a ________ theory in which development consists of a sequence of stages, each defined by a unique crisis or challenge.

Accepted Answer

A) biological 
B) learning 
C) psychosocial 
D) cognitive-developmental 
A) biological 
B) learning 
C) psychosocial 
D) cognitive-developmental

Question 11

Based on her experience in rearing five children, Elaine believes that personality influences the rate of physical-motor development. Elaine appears to take the view that

Accepted Answer

A) development is always jointly influenced by heredity and environment. 
B) early development is related to later development. 
C) development in different domains is connected. 
D) children are at the mercy of the environment. 
A) development is always jointly influenced by heredity and environment. 
B) early development is related to later development. 
C) development in different domains is connected. 
D) children are at the mercy of the environment.

Question 12

The process of closeness and separation between child and parent contributes to the development of

Accepted Answer

A) self-esteem. 
B) primary anxiety. 
C) body-ego. 
D) self-discipline. 
A) self-esteem. 
B) primary anxiety. 
C) body-ego. 
D) self-discipline.

Question 13

When a particular type of learning can take place only during a specific time period, not before or after that period, there is a(n) ________ for learning that behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) instinct 
B) critical period 
C) blank slate 
D) emotional bond 
A) instinct 
B) critical period 
C) blank slate 
D) emotional bond

Question 14

Ximena and Chris believe that they don't need to worry about parenting their new son, Brant, because he was born with a good nature and his good nature will determine his outcomes in life. Chris and Ximena's views of parenting are consistent with the ________ aspect of the ________ issue.

Accepted Answer

A) nature; nature-nurture 
B) passive; active-passive child 
C) connection; connection of domains 
D) continuity; continuity-discontinuity 
A) nature; nature-nurture 
B) passive; active-passive child 
C) connection; connection of domains 
D) continuity; continuity-discontinuity

Question 15

According to Lev Vygotsky, development

Accepted Answer

A) should be considered within the context of the child's culture. 
B) occurs within contexts that are embedded within each other. 
C) occurs when children create "theories" that help them understand their worlds. 
D) is the result of resolving psychological and social crises. 
A) should be considered within the context of the child's culture. 
B) occurs within contexts that are embedded within each other. 
C) occurs when children create "theories" that help them understand their worlds. 
D) is the result of resolving psychological and social crises.

Question 16

Raeanne believes that babies are born with tendencies to form emotional bonds with their caregivers because it makes them more likely to survive. Raeanne's beliefs fit most closely with ________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A) maturational 
B) psychodynamic 
C) learning 
D) ethological 
A) maturational 
B) psychodynamic 
C) learning 
D) ethological

Question 17

When eight-year-old Chris brought home a report card with all As, his parents gave him one dollar for each A. Chris's parents were attempting to use ________ to shape Chris's future behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) negative reinforcement 
B) positive reinforcement 
C) punishment 
D) self-efficacy 
A) negative reinforcement 
B) positive reinforcement 
C) punishment 
D) self-efficacy

Question 18

The continuity-discontinuity issue addresses the question of whether

Accepted Answer

A) genes or environment are most important. 
B) development in different domains is related. 
C) children actively influence their own development. 
D) early development is related to later development. 
A) genes or environment are most important. 
B) development in different domains is related. 
C) children actively influence their own development. 
D) early development is related to later development.

Question 19

Darwin's ideas had the most dramatic impact on scientists who took which approach to understanding development?

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic 
B) environmental 
C) biological 
D) learning 
A) psychodynamic 
B) environmental 
C) biological 
D) learning

Question 20

Whenever Krysia hung up her coat and put away her backpack after school, she was excused from setting the table, a chore she detests. Krysia's parents were using ________ to modify her behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) self-efficacy 
B) punishment 
C) negative reinforcement 
D) positive reinforcement 
A) self-efficacy 
B) punishment 
C) negative reinforcement 
D) positive reinforcement

According to information-processing theory, mental hardware

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

The French philosopher, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, believed that

Which of the following journals is produced in Canada out of the University of Calgary?

An evolutionary perspective is most closely associated with which of the following theories?

An emotional bond between human children and their parents is sometimes called

According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory,

Heather believes her 12-month-old daughter will develop optimally if Heather gives her freedom to grow naturally and does not try to shape her development. Heather's beliefs about child-rearing are most similar to those of

The idea that the mind of the human infant is tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that

Erikson proposed a ________ theory in which development consists of a sequence of stages, each defined by a unique crisis or challenge.

Based on her experience in rearing five children, Elaine believes that personality influences the rate of physical-motor development. Elaine appears to take the view that

The process of closeness and separation between child and parent contributes to the development of

When a particular type of learning can take place only during a specific time period, not before or after that period, there is a(n) ________ for learning that behaviour.

Ximena and Chris believe that they don't need to worry about parenting their new son, Brant, because he was born with a good nature and his good nature will determine his outcomes in life. Chris and Ximena's views of parenting are consistent with the aspect of the issue.

According to Lev Vygotsky, development

Raeanne believes that babies are born with tendencies to form emotional bonds with their caregivers because it makes them more likely to survive. Raeanne's beliefs fit most closely with ________ theory.

When eight-year-old Chris brought home a report card with all As, his parents gave him one dollar for each A. Chris's parents were attempting to use ________ to shape Chris's future behaviour.

The continuity-discontinuity issue addresses the question of whether

Darwin's ideas had the most dramatic impact on scientists who took which approach to understanding development?

Whenever Krysia hung up her coat and put away her backpack after school, she was excused from setting the table, a chore she detests. Krysia's parents were using ________ to modify her behaviour.

Research in Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Cognition in Infants and Toddlers

Social and Emotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Growth in Preschool Children

Cognitive Development in Preschool Children

Social and Emotional Development in Preschool Children

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Growth in Adolescents

Cognitive Processes in Adolescents

Social and Emotional Development in Adolescents

Filters

Exam 1: Child Development: Theories and Themes

According to information-processing theory, mental hardware

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

The French philosopher, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, believed that

Which of the following journals is produced in Canada out of the University of Calgary?

An evolutionary perspective is most closely associated with which of the following theories?

An emotional bond between human children and their parents is sometimes called

According to Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory,

Heather believes her 12-month-old daughter will develop optimally if Heather gives her freedom to grow naturally and does not try to shape her development. Heather's beliefs about child-rearing are most similar to those of

The idea that the mind of the human infant is tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that

Erikson proposed a ________ theory in which development consists of a sequence of stages, each defined by a unique crisis or challenge.

Based on her experience in rearing five children, Elaine believes that personality influences the rate of physical-motor development. Elaine appears to take the view that

The process of closeness and separation between child and parent contributes to the development of

When a particular type of learning can take place only during a specific time period, not before or after that period, there is a(n) ________ for learning that behaviour.

Ximena and Chris believe that they don't need to worry about parenting their new son, Brant, because he was born with a good nature and his good nature will determine his outcomes in life. Chris and Ximena's views of parenting are consistent with the ________ aspect of the ________ issue.

According to Lev Vygotsky, development

Raeanne believes that babies are born with tendencies to form emotional bonds with their caregivers because it makes them more likely to survive. Raeanne's beliefs fit most closely with ________ theory.

When eight-year-old Chris brought home a report card with all As, his parents gave him one dollar for each A. Chris's parents were attempting to use ________ to shape Chris's future behaviour.

The continuity-discontinuity issue addresses the question of whether

Darwin's ideas had the most dramatic impact on scientists who took which approach to understanding development?

Whenever Krysia hung up her coat and put away her backpack after school, she was excused from setting the table, a chore she detests. Krysia's parents were using ________ to modify her behaviour.

Research in Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Cognition in Infants and Toddlers

Social and Emotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Growth in Preschool Children

Cognitive Development in Preschool Children

Social and Emotional Development in Preschool Children

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Growth in Adolescents

Cognitive Processes in Adolescents

Social and Emotional Development in Adolescents

Filters

Ximena and Chris believe that they don't need to worry about parenting their new son, Brant, because he was born with a good nature and his good nature will determine his outcomes in life. Chris and Ximena's views of parenting are consistent with the aspect of the issue.