Exam 5: Learning

When you were first learning to make your bed,your parents told you that you did a good job when you got the bedspread pulled up,even though the bed was still a little messy.For the next week they showed you how to be a little neater each time you made the bed.What operant conditioning procedure did your parents use?

Pieces he polishes,what kind of reinforcement schedule is she using?

The kind of learning that applies to voluntary behavior is called __________________.

A device used in operant conditioning of animals that limits the available responses and,thus,increases the likelihood that the desired response will occur is called a ______.

An increase in responding to a specific stimulus over time is called habituation.

Thorndike's main apparatus in his operant conditioning research was:

You have a class in which you have a quiz every Friday.Your studying for quizzes is reinforced on what type of schedule?

Why would it be accurate to say that habituation is the most basic form of learning?

The development of the drug ________,whose generic name is disulfiram,employs the concepts of classical conditioning to help those suffering from alcoholism.

Thorndike is to _______ as Skinner is to _______.

Learning is described as a relatively permanent change in behavior because ________.

Paul is coming down with the flu,but he eats spaghetti anyway and subsequently becomes violently ill.A month later he sees that spaghetti is being served in the dining hall and he is overcome by nausea.What type of learning is illustrated by this episode?

When the number of responses is important to a schedule of reinforcement,that schedule is called a _________ schedule.

On the first day of his psychology class,Denair sits in his chair thinking,"This class is going to be a waste of time.I failed it before and I'm going to fail it again." Denair's belief that nothing he can do will change the outcome of the class demonstrates

Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that fears might be __________.

The learning process studied in the Skinner box is known as:

In Pavlov's original experiment on classical conditioning,dogs learned to salivate at the sound of a bell when the bell was repeatedly paired with the presentation of food.The food is referred to as the unconditioned response.

Sometimes parents make the mistake of reinforcing children's behaviors by giving in to whining or by removing the child from a situation that he or she doesn't like.

Olivia is punished for spilling her cereal.Her parents give her a spanking and send her to her room where she cries.Later,her puppy makes a mess on the floor.Olivia kicks her puppy and puts it out in the yard where it whines sadly.Which of the following statements explains her behavior toward the puppy?

On a fixed-ratio schedule reinforcement is given ________.