Question 1

The processes of encoding,storage,and retrieval are seen as part of the ____________ model of memory.

Accepted Answer

A) information processing 
B) top-down storage 
C) classical conditioning 
D) Tolman's cognitive 
A) information processing 
B) top-down storage 
C) classical conditioning 
D) Tolman's cognitive

Question 2

False positives occur when a person incorrectly "matches" a stimulus that is merely similar to a real memory to that memory.One major problem with eyewitness testimony is that _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) extinction of auditory memories causes the witness to forget what was said 
B) witnesses are prone to habituate to the courtroom and forget what happened 
C) false positives can cause eyewitness testimony to be quite inaccurate 
D) None of these are true. 
A) extinction of auditory memories causes the witness to forget what was said 
B) witnesses are prone to habituate to the courtroom and forget what happened 
C) false positives can cause eyewitness testimony to be quite inaccurate 
D) None of these are true.

Question 3

A display of 12 letters is flashed on a screen in front of you followed by a tone.You attempt to recall a portion of the display based on the specific tone you heard.What aspect of your memory is this experiment designed to assess?

Accepted Answer

A) primary memory 
B) sensory memory 
C) long-term memory 
D) short-term memory 
A) primary memory 
B) sensory memory 
C) long-term memory 
D) short-term memory

Question 4

When given a list of items to remember,people tend to do better at recalling the last items on the list.This is known as the ______.

Accepted Answer

A) phi phenomenon 
B) chunking effect 
C) recency effect 
D) primacy effect 
A) phi phenomenon 
B) chunking effect 
C) recency effect 
D) primacy effect

Question 5

Maintenance rehearsal is defined as ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) processing the physical features of the stimulus to be remembered 
B) analyzing new material in order to make it memorable 
C) associating new material to be learned with information maintained in long-term memory 
D) repeating some bit of information over and over in one's head in order to maintain it in short-term memory 
A) processing the physical features of the stimulus to be remembered 
B) analyzing new material in order to make it memorable 
C) associating new material to be learned with information maintained in long-term memory 
D) repeating some bit of information over and over in one's head in order to maintain it in short-term memory

Question 6

Someone a short distance away,to whom you have been paying no attention,quietly speaks your name,and suddenly you attend to that person.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) Broadbent's process of selective memory 
B) the phi phenomenon 
C) the cocktail party phenomenon 
D) cue-controlled inhibition 
A) Broadbent's process of selective memory 
B) the phi phenomenon 
C) the cocktail party phenomenon 
D) cue-controlled inhibition

Question 7

In the parallel distributed processing model of memory,____________.

Accepted Answer

A) information is simultaneously stored in a network that stretches across the brain 
B) information is stored simultaneously in unconnected regions of the brain 
C) information is associated in sets of classically conditioned neurons across the neocortex 
D) None of these are 
A) information is simultaneously stored in a network that stretches across the brain 
B) information is stored simultaneously in unconnected regions of the brain 
C) information is associated in sets of classically conditioned neurons across the neocortex 
D) None of these are

Question 8

The portion of memory that is more or less permanent is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) primary memory 
B) working memory 
C) eidetic memory 
D) long-term memory 
A) primary memory 
B) working memory 
C) eidetic memory 
D) long-term memory

Question 9

Evidence suggests that procedural memories are stored in the _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) cerebellum 
B) prefrontal and temporal lobes of the cortex 
C) hippocampus 
D) amygdala 
A) cerebellum 
B) prefrontal and temporal lobes of the cortex 
C) hippocampus 
D) amygdala

Question 10

The research of Eich and Metcalf would suggest that if you were really happy when you were learning math,you should be ______ when taking the math exam to do well.

Accepted Answer

A) calm 
B) nervous 
C) happy 
D) depressed 
A) calm 
B) nervous 
C) happy 
D) depressed

Question 11

Episodic memory consists of personal facts and memories of one's personal history.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

It is thought that long-term memory never can get filled u

Accepted Answer

A) 7,plus or minus 2 
B) about 10,000 items 
C) limited by the size of a person's brain 
D) unlimited 
A) 7,plus or minus 2 
B) about 10,000 items 
C) limited by the size of a person's brain 
D) unlimited

Question 13

A terrible crime is committed,and an eyewitness is unable to identify whether a suspect arrested by the police is actually the one who committed the crime.The police bring in Madame Xanadu to hypnotize the witness,and then the witness identifies the suspect the police have in custody.Of course,the Madame knew who the suspect was before she hypnotized the witness.At the trial,the defense attorney objects.The core of the objection to the judge would be that ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) memories obtained under hypnosis are no more accurate than others but the jury will think they are and, thus,bias the case 
B) hypnosis makes it much easier to create false memories,or pseudomemories 
C) the use of hypnosis makes it very easy for factors like the misinformation effect or constructive processing effect to come into play through the influence of the hypnotist's knowledge and suggestions 
D) all of these are good objections. 
A) memories obtained under hypnosis are no more accurate than others but the jury will think they are and, thus,bias the case 
B) hypnosis makes it much easier to create false memories,or pseudomemories 
C) the use of hypnosis makes it very easy for factors like the misinformation effect or constructive processing effect to come into play through the influence of the hypnotist's knowledge and suggestions 
D) all of these are good objections.

Question 14

Memories retrieved while under hypnosis are more accurate than memories retrieved while not under hypnosis,but persons who retrieve memories under hypnosis are far less reluctant to change their answers even when told that they may be wrong.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The three parts of the information-processing model of memory are ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) sensory memory,short-term memory,and long-term memory 
B) CS,UCS,UR,and CR 
C) encoding,storage,and retrieval 
D) shallow,medium,and deep processing 
A) sensory memory,short-term memory,and long-term memory 
B) CS,UCS,UR,and CR 
C) encoding,storage,and retrieval 
D) shallow,medium,and deep processing

Question 16

____________ is defined as an active system that receives information from the senses,organizes and alters information as it stores it away,and then retrieves the information from storage.

Accepted Answer

A) Classical conditioning 
B) Operant conditioning 
C) Learning 
D) Memory 
A) Classical conditioning 
B) Operant conditioning 
C) Learning 
D) Memory

Question 17

According to the levels-of-processing model of memory,we are most likely to remember information that we process at a _______________ level.

Accepted Answer

A) deeper 
B) medium 
C) shallower 
D) any of these,depending on the information 
A) deeper 
B) medium 
C) shallower 
D) any of these,depending on the information

Question 18

What "magic number" did Miller find to be the capacity of short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A) 11 
B) 9 
C) 7 
D) 5 
A) 11 
B) 9 
C) 7 
D) 5

Question 19

When someone looks at an image,the retina turns the light rays from it into neural messages that go up to the optic nerve so the brain can interpret them.This process is called __________________.

Accepted Answer

A) encoding 
B) storage 
C) retrieval 
D) evaluation 
A) encoding 
B) storage 
C) retrieval 
D) evaluation

Question 20

Iconic memory allows us to remember the beginnings of sentences long enough to have meaningful conversations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 5: A: Memory

The processes of encoding,storage,and retrieval are seen as part of the ____________ model of memory.

False positives occur when a person incorrectly "matches" a stimulus that is merely similar to a real memory to that memory.One major problem with eyewitness testimony is that _______________.

A display of 12 letters is flashed on a screen in front of you followed by a tone.You attempt to recall a portion of the display based on the specific tone you heard.What aspect of your memory is this experiment designed to assess?

When given a list of items to remember,people tend to do better at recalling the last items on the list.This is known as the ______.

Maintenance rehearsal is defined as ________________.

Someone a short distance away,to whom you have been paying no attention,quietly speaks your name,and suddenly you attend to that person.This is an example of ______.

In the parallel distributed processing model of memory,____________.

The portion of memory that is more or less permanent is called ______.

Evidence suggests that procedural memories are stored in the _____________.

The research of Eich and Metcalf would suggest that if you were really happy when you were learning math,you should be ______ when taking the math exam to do well.

Episodic memory consists of personal facts and memories of one's personal history.

It is thought that long-term memory never can get filled u

Memories retrieved while under hypnosis are more accurate than memories retrieved while not under hypnosis,but persons who retrieve memories under hypnosis are far less reluctant to change their answers even when told that they may be wrong.

The three parts of the information-processing model of memory are ____________.

____________ is defined as an active system that receives information from the senses,organizes and alters information as it stores it away,and then retrieves the information from storage.

According to the levels-of-processing model of memory,we are most likely to remember information that we process at a _______________ level.

What "magic number" did Miller find to be the capacity of short-term memory?

When someone looks at an image,the retina turns the light rays from it into neural messages that go up to the optic nerve so the brain can interpret them.This process is called __________________.

Iconic memory allows us to remember the beginnings of sentences long enough to have meaningful conversations.

A: The Science of Psychology

B: The Science of Psychology

C: The Science of Psychology

Appendix A: Statistics in Psychology

A: The Biological Perspective

B: The Biological Perspective

C: The Biological Perspective

Appendix B: Applied Psychology and Psychology Careers

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

B: Memory

C: Memory

Appendix: Secrets for Surviving College: How to Improve Your Grades

A: Consciousness and Cognition

B: Consciousness and Cognition

C: Consciousness and Cognition

Development Across the Lifespan

A: Development Across the Lifespan

B: Development Across the Lifespan

C: Development Across the Lifespan

Motivation and Emotion

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

Stress and Health

A: Stress and Health

B: Stress and Health

C: Stress and Health

Social Psychology

A Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

Theories of Personality and Intelligence

A: Theories of Personality and Intelligence

B: Theories of Personality and Intelligence

C: Theories of Personality and Intelligence

Psychological Disorders

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

A: Psychological Therapies

B: Psychological Therapies

C: Psychological Therapies

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