Exam 4: A: Learning

Last month Walter became sick after eating two chili dogs,so he no longer likes chili dogs.Walter has experienced ____________.

Bandura's seminal study of observational learning involved watching children and their interactions with Bobo dolls.

College students faced with unsolvable problems eventually give up and make only half?hearted attempts to solve new problems,even when the new problems can be solved easily.This behavior is probably due to ______.

Fred is afraid of spiders.He won't even watch a nature show on TV about them.When he sees a picture of a spider,he has a panic attack,but when he avoids looking at the image,his panic goes away.Fred's avoidance of spiders is being __________________.

A young child watches her mother make pancakes.She wants to please her mother so she pays attention.However,when she goes to make them on her own,she can't break the eggs for the batter without making a terrible mess and dropping them on the floor,no matter how hard she tries.Her attempt failed because of a problem with which part of the necessary components for observational learning?

A farmer is being troubled by coyotes eating his shee

A child learns that whenever he eats all of his dinner he gets a cookie for dessert.This type of learning is BEST explained by _______________.

Who was one of the first researchers to explore and outline the laws of voluntary responses?

When a strongly conditioned CS is used to make another stimulus into a second CS,the effect is known as ____________.

Albert was a little boy who was shown to be remarkably resistant to having his emotional responses conditioned by Watson.Watson presented Albert with a cute little furry rat and then rang a loud bell.Later,Albert should have become scared of the bell,but this never happened.

In Pavlov's original experiment of classical conditioning,dogs learned to salivate at the sound of a bell when the bell was repeatedly paired with the presentation of food.The food is referred to as the unconditioned response.

Human beings generally have an aversion to bitter and sour foods.Some researchers suggest that this is because foods that are inedible or even poisonous are often bitter or sour.The tendency of human beings to find these potentially harmful foods repulsive is an example of _____________________.

Observational learning has been used to explain why children who watch violent television tend to behave more aggressively.Research has demonstrated that watching such television shows causes an increase in violent tendencies.

If one presented the conditioned stimulus (such as a bell)after the presentation of the unconditioned stimulus (the food)in Pavlov's learning experiment,little or no classical conditioning would occur.

Mary's parents want her to put her books in her bookcase.At first,they praise her for putting the books together in one pile.Then they praise her for getting the books on the same side of the room as the bookcase.When she gets the books on top of the bookcase,she gets praise.Finally,her parents praise her when she puts her books in the bookcase.This is an example of ____________.

A girl learns that whenever her brother shares his cookie with her,her mother gives him a piece of candy.The girl starts sharing her treats with her friends when they come over in the hopes of getting a similar reward.The girl's learning to share is an example of ______.

When Keller and Marian Breland,two psychologists who became animal trainers,decided that it would be cute to have a pig drop a big wooden coin into a box,they found that _______________.

An example of a discriminative stimulus might be a ________________.

Neurofeedback,a newer type of biofeedback,involves trying to change ____________.

The "aha!" experience is known as ________________.