Question 1

These pathways process stimuli received from the internal organs.

Accepted Answer

A) Somatosensory pathways 
B) Internosensory pathways 
C) Viscerosensory pathways 
D) Somatomotor pathways 
E) Visceromotor pathways 
A) Somatosensory pathways 
B) Internosensory pathways 
C) Viscerosensory pathways 
D) Somatomotor pathways 
E) Visceromotor pathways

Question 2

Which is not a somatosensory pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) The posterior funiculus-medial lemniscal pathway 
B) The anterolateral pathway 
C) The musculomedial pathway 
D) The spinocerebellar pathway 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) The posterior funiculus-medial lemniscal pathway 
B) The anterolateral pathway 
C) The musculomedial pathway 
D) The spinocerebellar pathway 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 3

Somatotopy refers to the

Accepted Answer

A) ability of the brain to identify the part of the body being innervated. 
B) precise correspondence between receptors and specific functional areas in the CNS. 
C) relationship between the spinal cord and associated areas in the brain. 
D) relationship between the spinal nerves and the cranial nerves. 
E) relationship between specific muscles and the nerves that innervate them. 
A) ability of the brain to identify the part of the body being innervated. 
B) precise correspondence between receptors and specific functional areas in the CNS. 
C) relationship between the spinal cord and associated areas in the brain. 
D) relationship between the spinal nerves and the cranial nerves. 
E) relationship between specific muscles and the nerves that innervate them.

Question 4

Which type of memory is required to perform several different mental activities simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

A) Sensory memory 
B) Short-term memory 
C) Long-term memory 
D) Interactive memory 
E) Permanent memory 
A) Sensory memory 
B) Short-term memory 
C) Long-term memory 
D) Interactive memory 
E) Permanent memory

Question 5

Which pathway does not use tertiary neurons?

Accepted Answer

A) Fasciculus cuneatus 
B) Fasciculus gracilis 
C) Lateral spinothalamic 
D) Anterior spinothalamic 
E) Anterior spinocerebellar 
A) Fasciculus cuneatus 
B) Fasciculus gracilis 
C) Lateral spinothalamic 
D) Anterior spinothalamic 
E) Anterior spinocerebellar

Question 6

What are petalias?

Accepted Answer

A) Areas of thickening in the spinal cord 
B) Thinner areas in the corpus callosum 
C) Shape asymmetry in the frontal or occipital lobes of the brain 
D) Areas of crossing over that occur between the two hemispheres 
E) Concentrations of ganglia in the posterior thalamic hemisphere 
A) Areas of thickening in the spinal cord 
B) Thinner areas in the corpus callosum 
C) Shape asymmetry in the frontal or occipital lobes of the brain 
D) Areas of crossing over that occur between the two hemispheres 
E) Concentrations of ganglia in the posterior thalamic hemisphere

Question 7

Which is a condition in which a person finds it virtually impossible to process and/or store ongoing events?

Accepted Answer

A) Korsakoff psychosis 
B) Anterograde amnesia 
C) Retrograde amnesia 
D) Prosttraumatic amnesia 
E) Hysterical amnesia 
A) Korsakoff psychosis 
B) Anterograde amnesia 
C) Retrograde amnesia 
D) Prosttraumatic amnesia 
E) Hysterical amnesia

Question 8

This part of the brain is responsible for alerting the cerebrum to incoming sensory information.

Accepted Answer

A) Sensory component of the reticular formation 
B) Prefrontal cortex 
C) Motor component of the reticular formation 
D) Amygdaloid body 
E) Hypothalamus 
A) Sensory component of the reticular formation 
B) Prefrontal cortex 
C) Motor component of the reticular formation 
D) Amygdaloid body 
E) Hypothalamus

Question 9

Which somatic motor pathway originates in the pyramidal cells of the primary motor cortex?

Accepted Answer

A) Direct pathway 
B) Indirect pathway 
A) Direct pathway 
B) Indirect pathway

Question 10

The medial pathway of the indirect motor pathway consists of three groups of tracts.The one that helps to regulate positional changes of the arms,eyes,head,and neck as a consequence of visual and auditory stimuli is the

Accepted Answer

A) reticulospinal tract. 
B) tectospinal tract. 
C) vestibulospinal tract. 
A) reticulospinal tract. 
B) tectospinal tract. 
C) vestibulospinal tract.

Question 11

A child pounding on the keys of a piano makes a cacophony of unrecognizable noise,whereas a trained pianist reproduces a Mozart sonata.The portion of the brain that controls and coordinates the movements necessary to play the piano is the

Accepted Answer

A) thalamus. 
B) medulla oblongata. 
C) diencephalon. 
D) cerebellum. 
E) corpus callosum. 
A) thalamus. 
B) medulla oblongata. 
C) diencephalon. 
D) cerebellum. 
E) corpus callosum.

Question 12

Motor pathways are formed from a series of connections.Which is not part of the series?

Accepted Answer

A) Cerebellum 
B) Cerebral nuclei 
C) Hypothalamus 
D) Descending projection tracts 
E) Motor neurons 
A) Cerebellum 
B) Cerebral nuclei 
C) Hypothalamus 
D) Descending projection tracts 
E) Motor neurons

Question 13

Imagine that you have just moved into a new home.Your address includes a new zip code that you try to memorize,but you have trouble recalling the code the next morning and have to look it up.After a month of use,however,you can recall your zip code easily.Which statement best describes what happened with regard to your new zip code?

Accepted Answer

A) You first stored the zip code in short-term memory and had to keep storing it there until it was eventually easily recalled. 
B) You had to rely on sensory memory to finally recall the zip code. 
C) It takes time for the brain to rewire itself so that the zip code can be appropriately stored. 
D) The zip code was placed into short-term memory and then through repeated recall,it reached long-term memory storage. 
E) You eventually relied on permanent memory to recall the zip code. 
A) You first stored the zip code in short-term memory and had to keep storing it there until it was eventually easily recalled. 
B) You had to rely on sensory memory to finally recall the zip code. 
C) It takes time for the brain to rewire itself so that the zip code can be appropriately stored. 
D) The zip code was placed into short-term memory and then through repeated recall,it reached long-term memory storage. 
E) You eventually relied on permanent memory to recall the zip code.

Question 14

This pathway conducts proprioceptive information to the cerebellum for processing to coordinate body movements such as posture,balance,and skilled movements.

Accepted Answer

A) The posterior funiculus-medial lemniscal pathway 
B) The anterolateral pathway 
C) The musculomedial pathway 
D) The spinocerebellar pathway 
E) The posterolateral pathway 
A) The posterior funiculus-medial lemniscal pathway 
B) The anterolateral pathway 
C) The musculomedial pathway 
D) The spinocerebellar pathway 
E) The posterolateral pathway

Question 15

Mental processes such as awareness,knowledge,memory,perception,and thinking are collectively called

Accepted Answer

A) intelligence. 
B) higher-order processing. 
C) cognition. 
D) ataxia. 
E) hemiballismus. 
A) intelligence. 
B) higher-order processing. 
C) cognition. 
D) ataxia. 
E) hemiballismus.

Question 16

Which of these movements or muscle groups is not controlled by motor information transmitted by the corticobulbar tracts?

Accepted Answer

A) Eye movements 
B) Certain superficial muscles of the back and neck 
C) Muscles of the upper leg 
D) Cranial,facial,pharyngeal,and laryngeal muscles 
E) Intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles 
A) Eye movements 
B) Certain superficial muscles of the back and neck 
C) Muscles of the upper leg 
D) Cranial,facial,pharyngeal,and laryngeal muscles 
E) Intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles

Question 17

A transient ischemic attack (TIA)is more serious than a cerebrovascular accident (CVA).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A descending pathway carries

Accepted Answer

A) sensory information from the body to the brain. 
B) motor information from the body to the brain. 
C) sensory information from the brain to the body. 
D) motor information from the brain to muscles and glands. 
E) both motor and sensory information from the body to the brain. 
A) sensory information from the body to the brain. 
B) motor information from the body to the brain. 
C) sensory information from the brain to the body. 
D) motor information from the brain to muscles and glands. 
E) both motor and sensory information from the body to the brain.

Question 19

Which somatic motor pathway is responsible for voluntary control of muscle activity?

Accepted Answer

A) Direct pathway 
B) Indirect pathway 
A) Direct pathway 
B) Indirect pathway

Question 20

Which is a deep and profound state of unconsciousness from which a person cannot be aroused?

Accepted Answer

A) Stupor 
B) Syncope 
C) Lethargy 
D) Coma 
E) Faint 
A) Stupor 
B) Syncope 
C) Lethargy 
D) Coma 
E) Faint

Exam 17: Pathways and Integrative Functions

These pathways process stimuli received from the internal organs.

Which is not a somatosensory pathway?

Somatotopy refers to the

Which type of memory is required to perform several different mental activities simultaneously?

Which pathway does not use tertiary neurons?

What are petalias?

Which is a condition in which a person finds it virtually impossible to process and/or store ongoing events?

This part of the brain is responsible for alerting the cerebrum to incoming sensory information.

Which somatic motor pathway originates in the pyramidal cells of the primary motor cortex?

The medial pathway of the indirect motor pathway consists of three groups of tracts.The one that helps to regulate positional changes of the arms,eyes,head,and neck as a consequence of visual and auditory stimuli is the

A child pounding on the keys of a piano makes a cacophony of unrecognizable noise,whereas a trained pianist reproduces a Mozart sonata.The portion of the brain that controls and coordinates the movements necessary to play the piano is the

Motor pathways are formed from a series of connections.Which is not part of the series?

This pathway conducts proprioceptive information to the cerebellum for processing to coordinate body movements such as posture,balance,and skilled movements.

Mental processes such as awareness,knowledge,memory,perception,and thinking are collectively called

Which of these movements or muscle groups is not controlled by motor information transmitted by the corticobulbar tracts?

A transient ischemic attack (TIA)is more serious than a cerebrovascular accident (CVA).

A descending pathway carries

Which somatic motor pathway is responsible for voluntary control of muscle activity?

Which is a deep and profound state of unconsciousness from which a person cannot be aroused?

A First Look at Anatomy

The Celt Basic Unit of Structure and Function

Embryology

Tissue Level of Organization

Integumentary System

Cartilage and Bone

Axial Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue and Organization

Axial Muscles

Appendicular Muscles

Surface Anatomy

Nervous Tissue

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Senses: General and Special

Endocrine System

Blood

Heart

Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Reproductive System

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