Exam 11: Single-Subject Experimental Research

Bryce is a occupational therapist working with Sandy, a brain-injured patient. Bryce has decided to test the effects of a graphing strategy with Sandy. He starts the graphing technique, while collecting data in the form of minutes of strength training per day. He discontinues the graphing technique still collecting minutes of strength training per day. Bryce then reintroduces the graphing technique. -Bryce using the graphing technique with another patient, Paul. By so doing, Bryce is illustrating which type of replication?

Stefanie is a speech pathologist working with Emily, who is struggling with initial sounds of words. Stefanie has decided to test the effects of an audio recorded modeling strategy with Emily. She first records the number of errors in naturally occurring speech for a three minute period, four days in a row. Next, while alternately collecting data in the form of errors per three minute period of naturally occurring speech, she introduces audio recorded modeling for twelve therapy sessions. Stefanie then collects errors per minutes of speech for four days after the intervention. -Which of the following is the most critical drawback of the design Stefanie has selected?

Karen is replicating a study she did for her thesis. She uses the same classroom and the same intervention with a new student. Karen is displaying which type of replication?

All EXCEPT which of the following are among the three stages of replication in single-subject design?

Bryce is a occupational therapist working with Sandy, a brain-injured patient. Bryce has decided to test the effects of a graphing strategy with Sandy. He starts the graphing technique, while collecting data in the form of minutes of strength training per day. He discontinues the graphing technique still collecting minutes of strength training per day. Bryce then reintroduces the graphing technique. -Bryce has employed which of the following types of single-subjects designs?

Frank is working with Garrett to increase his ability to keep track of his class materials. Garrett is constantly leaving his books and papers behind in class, in his locker, or at home. Frank observes and tracks Garrett's behavior for four days. To determine how often he actually does leave his materials behind. He then introduces a required assignment book strategy. In each class Garrett must write down what he needs to do and the materials that the task will require. Frank continues to observe Garrett's behavior. However, under the assignment book strategy, Garrett's behavior doesn't change. Frank decides that he will also require that Garrett get signatures from his teachers and parents in his assignment book. After four weeks, Frank removes the required assignment book and signature and observes and records Garrett's behavior for a week. -If Frank's study is typical, what would one expect regarding Garrett's behavior after the requirement of the assignment book was taken away?

Which of the following symbolizes the treatment phase in a single-subject design?

In single-subject research, the most important type of significance is

Data analysis in single-subject studies generally includes

Third-grade Seamus has been referred for a new behavioral intervention plan that uses teacher nonverbal signals to reinforce the target child's appropriate behavior. Mr. Matthews, the school psychologist, decides to observe and record Seamus's behavior in the regular classroom and in Art and Music class. He records off-task behavior, calling out, and touching others for eight days. Mr. Matthews is involved in which phase of a multiple baseline study.

In single-subject designs, how much data is generally used to assess baseline stability?

Which of the following is a benefit of the alternating treatment design?

Which of the following designs best represents an 'additive' design?

According to your text, which of the following represents a critical internal validity threat of single-subjects designs overall?

Janice is conducting a study with four speech and language support students with disfluencies. She wants to examine a new strategy to assist students' stuttering. She collects baseline data by observing the stuttering of her students in their general education classroom twice and then starts the new intervention strategy in the support classroom for 6 sessions. Meanwhile, she observes classroom stuttering. Next, Janice discontinues the new strategy during the support sessions but continues to collect data in the classroom setting two more times. -Which of the following is one criticism of the design Janice has used?

Millie is using a behavior checklist strategy as well as a prompted praise strategy when working with her second grade behavior disordered student, Kent. She uses both strategies within the same day going back and forth randomly between the two approaches, while recording his on task behavior. -Which of the following designs is Millie employing?

Stefanie is a speech pathologist working with Emily, who is struggling with initial sounds of words. Stefanie has decided to test the effects of an audio recorded modeling strategy with Emily. She first records the number of errors in naturally occurring speech for a three minute period, four days in a row. Next, while alternately collecting data in the form of errors per three minute period of naturally occurring speech, she introduces audio recorded modeling for twelve therapy sessions. Stefanie then collects errors per minutes of speech for four days after the intervention. -Aaron has decided to use the audio recording modeling with his client who also has struggles with initial word sounds. The type of replication that Aaron illustrates in this case is

Another name for simultaneous treatment design is ________________ design.

Stefanie is a speech pathologist working with Emily, who is struggling with initial sounds of words. Stefanie has decided to test the effects of an audio recorded modeling strategy with Emily. She first records the number of errors in naturally occurring speech for a three minute period, four days in a row. Next, while alternately collecting data in the form of errors per three minute period of naturally occurring speech, she introduces audio recorded modeling for twelve therapy sessions. Stefanie then collects errors per minutes of speech for four days after the intervention. -Stefanie also wants to replicate the audio recording strategy, only implementing the strategy for vowel sounds. By so doing, Stefanie is illustrating which type of replication?

Rachel is acting out in her mathematics class. She gets so frustrated that she starts to throw things. The school psychologist provides her with a relaxation strategy as an intervention and observes her behavior. The relaxation strategy is removed as a requirement and her classroom behavior is again observed. The school psychologist then again requires the relaxation strategy. Which of the following designs is the school psychologist illustrating?