Exam 5: Learning

Rescorla's modern conceptualization of classical conditioning is based on the idea that ________.

A discriminative stimulus is a stimulus that ________.

A child learns that whenever he eats all of his dinner he gets a cookie for dessert.This type of learning is BEST explained by ________.

Positive reinforcement is to _______ as negative reinforcement is to _______.

The researcher responsible for discovering classical conditioning was ________.

In order to get her 3^rd grade students to memorize the poem written on the chalkboard,Mrs.Thyberg gives the students stickers for each poem they can recite from memory.After earning 5 stickers,a student gets to pick a prize out of the goody box.Mrs.Thyberg is using a(n)________ to modify the children's behaviors.

In an experiment,two groups of dogs are given shocks to their feet.One group is able to escape the shocks by jumping over a barrier.The second group is harnessed and cannot escape.After several trials,both groups are put in situations where they CAN escape.The first group escapes the shocks but the second group just sits and whines,refusing to attempt to escape.The response of the second group is due to ______.

Changes controlled by a genetic blueprint,such as an increase in height or the size of the brain,are examples of ________.

Which schedule of reinforcement tends to get the highest response rate?

Little Albert's acquired fear of a white rat was a classic example of a(n)________ response.

After Little Albert acquired a conditioned fear of rats,Watson wanted to see how he would react to a white rabbit,cotton wool,and a Santa Claus mask.He was studying whether or not ________ had occurred.

For every 5 times that you go to the gym each week,you reward yourself with a treat.This best illustrates which of the following schedules of reinforcement?

The tendency to respond to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus is called ________.

A child is wetting his or her bed.According to our textbook,punishing the child would be the best way to permanently stop this behavior.You would recommend that the child be given no food on the day after a bedwetting incident.This is because punishment is guaranteed to stop bad behaviors.

The Brelands tried to condition pigs to drop wooden coins into a bank.This turned out not to be easy,as the pigs tended to make instinctual responses as compared to the learned responses.

Mary's parents want her to put her books in her bookcase.At first,they praise her for putting the books together in one pile.Then they praise her for getting the books on the same side of the room as the bookcase.When she gets the books on top of the bookcase,she gets praise.Finally,her parents praise her when she puts her books in the bookcase.This is an example of ________.

________ is an operant-conditioning procedure in which successive approximations of a desired response are reinforced.

You need to remove a broken light bulb from a lam

Imagine that you flinch after seeing lightning because in previous instances the lightning is followed by thunder,which scared you.In this scenario,lightning can be interpreted as being a(n):

Pavlov's model of classical conditioning was based on the idea that the conditioned stimulus,through its association close in time with the unconditioned stimulus,came to activate the same place in the animal's brain that was originally activated by the unconditioned stimulus.This was known as ________.