Question 1

How have beliefs about cultural differences in the manifestation of anxiety symptoms changed in recent years?

Accepted Answer

In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of understanding cultural differences in the manifestation of anxiety symptoms. This shift in perspective has led to a more nuanced understanding of how anxiety may present differently in individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds.

Previously, there was a tendency to view anxiety symptoms through a narrow, Western-centric lens, which may have overlooked the unique ways in which anxiety is experienced and expressed in different cultural contexts. However, research and clinical practice have increasingly emphasized the need to consider cultural factors when assessing and treating anxiety.

As a result, there is now a greater awareness of the impact of cultural beliefs, values, and norms on the expression of anxiety symptoms. For example, some cultures may place a greater emphasis on physical symptoms of anxiety, such as somatic complaints, while others may prioritize emotional or cognitive manifestations. Additionally, cultural stigma surrounding mental health issues may influence how individuals from different cultural backgrounds perceive and communicate their anxiety symptoms.

Overall, the evolving understanding of cultural differences in the manifestation of anxiety symptoms has led to more culturally sensitive approaches to assessment and treatment. Mental health professionals are increasingly encouraged to consider the cultural context of their clients and adapt their interventions accordingly, in order to provide more effective and inclusive care. This shift has the potential to reduce disparities in mental health outcomes and improve the overall well-being of individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds.

Question 2

Ivan reported a traumatic history with dogs,resulting in his fear of dogs.However,Sven also reported a traumatic history with dogs,but does not have a fear of dogs.This provides support for

Accepted Answer

A) a diathesis for phobia. 
B) a preparedness view of phobia. 
C) a psychoanalytic theory of phobia. 
D) the two-factor theory. 
A) a diathesis for phobia. 
B) a preparedness view of phobia. 
C) a psychoanalytic theory of phobia. 
D) the two-factor theory. A

Question 3

Which of the following is an obsession?

Accepted Answer

A) Repeatedly checking that the water is turned off. 
B) Humming a tune over and over. 
C) Having a recurring fear that one is giving others illnesses when they actually are not. 
D) Having excessive worry over finances. 
A) Repeatedly checking that the water is turned off. 
B) Humming a tune over and over. 
C) Having a recurring fear that one is giving others illnesses when they actually are not. 
D) Having excessive worry over finances. C

Question 4

The two types of medications most commonly used to treat anxiety are

Accepted Answer

A) mood stabilizers and antidepressants. 
B) antidepressants and benzodiazepines. 
C) benzodiazepines and anticonvulsants. 
D) anticonvulsants and beta blockers. 
A) mood stabilizers and antidepressants. 
B) antidepressants and benzodiazepines. 
C) benzodiazepines and anticonvulsants. 
D) anticonvulsants and beta blockers.

Question 5

Both Lindsay and Nicole just completed a solo in a musical competition.The judges awarded them both 9 out of 10.Lindsay has social phobia and Nicole does not.Based on this information,

Accepted Answer

A) Lindsay is less likely to worry about how others perceived her performance. 
B) Nicole is more likely to have higher standards than Lindsay. 
C) Lindsay is more likely to think she sang more poorly than Nicole. 
D) There is not enough information to make any conclusions. 
A) Lindsay is less likely to worry about how others perceived her performance. 
B) Nicole is more likely to have higher standards than Lindsay. 
C) Lindsay is more likely to think she sang more poorly than Nicole. 
D) There is not enough information to make any conclusions.

Question 6

Based on research of effective treatments for social phobia,a therapist should consider

Accepted Answer

A) exposure and cognitive therapy. 
B) exposure only. 
C) systematic desensitization. 
D) cognitive therapy only. 
A) exposure and cognitive therapy. 
B) exposure only. 
C) systematic desensitization. 
D) cognitive therapy only.

Question 7

What is the main symptom of GAD?

Accepted Answer

A) increased heart rate. 
B) fear of dying. 
C) worry. 
D) dizziness. 
A) increased heart rate. 
B) fear of dying. 
C) worry. 
D) dizziness.

Question 8

Define the two-factor model as it relates to phobic conditioning.What are its limitations?

Accepted Answer

The two-factor model of phobic condition

Question 9

A major psychological hypothesis regarding the onset of panic involves

Accepted Answer

A) a fundamental problem with breathing control. 
B) difficulties in relaxing. 
C) a concern with,and misinterpretation of,bodily sensations. 
D) excessive attempts to relax that fail. 
A) a fundamental problem with breathing control. 
B) difficulties in relaxing. 
C) a concern with,and misinterpretation of,bodily sensations. 
D) excessive attempts to relax that fail.

Question 10

Julie has a social phobia.Given this information,it would not be surprising if she also met DSM-IV-TR criteria for

Accepted Answer

A) schizophrenia. 
B) borderline personality disorder. 
C) avoidant personality disorder. 
D) obsessive compulsive personality disorder. 
A) schizophrenia. 
B) borderline personality disorder. 
C) avoidant personality disorder. 
D) obsessive compulsive personality disorder.

Question 11

Behavioral models consider compulsions

Accepted Answer

A) to be classically conditioned responses. 
B) to be operantly conditioned responses. 
C) to be a result of suppressed obsessions. 
D) to be related to deficient locus ceruleus activity. 
A) to be classically conditioned responses. 
B) to be operantly conditioned responses. 
C) to be a result of suppressed obsessions. 
D) to be related to deficient locus ceruleus activity.

Question 12

Research shows that some brain areas are overactive in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).It is not clear,however,that overactivity in these areas causes OCD because

Accepted Answer

A) the same areas are more overactive in other anxiety disorders. 
B) successful psychotherapy normalizes activity in these areas. 
C) medications can reduce the overactivity but do not reduce OCD symptoms. 
D) some people with OCD do not show overactivity in these areas. 
A) the same areas are more overactive in other anxiety disorders. 
B) successful psychotherapy normalizes activity in these areas. 
C) medications can reduce the overactivity but do not reduce OCD symptoms. 
D) some people with OCD do not show overactivity in these areas.

Question 13

John is persistently and excessively afraid of snakes.Whenever he sees one,he feels intense anxiety and thus avoids snakes at all costs.John realizes,however,that this fear is unrealistic.John most likely has

Accepted Answer

A) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 
B) social phobia 
C) specific phobia 
D) panic disorder 
A) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 
B) social phobia 
C) specific phobia 
D) panic disorder

Question 14

The Anxiety Sensitivity Index

Accepted Answer

A) has been important in determining panic-proneness. 
B) measures fear of bodily sensations. 
C) allows for tests of the concern with control over bodily symptoms as a hypothesis of panic. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) has been important in determining panic-proneness. 
B) measures fear of bodily sensations. 
C) allows for tests of the concern with control over bodily symptoms as a hypothesis of panic. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Compare the behavioral etiology of specific phobias with that of post-traumatic stress disorder.Outline how these perspectives are similar and how they differ.

Accepted Answer

The behavioral etiology of specific phob

Question 16

Why is social phobia listed as a separate condition from specific phobia?

Accepted Answer

Social phobia, also known as social anxi

Question 17

Neurobiological research indicates that PTSD is associated with

Accepted Answer

A) larger hippocampal volume. 
B) increased sensitivity of receptors to cortisol. 
C) memory deficits. 
D) increased worry. 
A) larger hippocampal volume. 
B) increased sensitivity of receptors to cortisol. 
C) memory deficits. 
D) increased worry.

Question 18

Studies of the influence of cognition with respect to panic attacks indicate that cognition

Accepted Answer

A) is important only when the person has panic disorder. 
B) plays an important role in whether a person develops a panic attack. 
C) is influenced by the locus ceruleus. 
D) leads to misinterpretation of bodily sensations. 
A) is important only when the person has panic disorder. 
B) plays an important role in whether a person develops a panic attack. 
C) is influenced by the locus ceruleus. 
D) leads to misinterpretation of bodily sensations.

Question 19

Treatment of acute stress disorder is

Accepted Answer

A) unnecessary,as most people recover anyway with time. 
B) dangerous,as reliving the event increases the trauma. 
C) important,as it reduces the risk of developing PTSD. 
D) difficult,as it is hard to recreate the original trauma. 
A) unnecessary,as most people recover anyway with time. 
B) dangerous,as reliving the event increases the trauma. 
C) important,as it reduces the risk of developing PTSD. 
D) difficult,as it is hard to recreate the original trauma.

Question 20

Discuss treatment options for GAD.

Accepted Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) can b

How have beliefs about cultural differences in the manifestation of anxiety symptoms changed in recent years?

Ivan reported a traumatic history with dogs,resulting in his fear of dogs.However,Sven also reported a traumatic history with dogs,but does not have a fear of dogs.This provides support for

Which of the following is an obsession?

The two types of medications most commonly used to treat anxiety are

Both Lindsay and Nicole just completed a solo in a musical competition.The judges awarded them both 9 out of 10.Lindsay has social phobia and Nicole does not.Based on this information,

Based on research of effective treatments for social phobia,a therapist should consider

What is the main symptom of GAD?

Define the two-factor model as it relates to phobic conditioning.What are its limitations?

A major psychological hypothesis regarding the onset of panic involves

Julie has a social phobia.Given this information,it would not be surprising if she also met DSM-IV-TR criteria for

Behavioral models consider compulsions

Research shows that some brain areas are overactive in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).It is not clear,however,that overactivity in these areas causes OCD because

John is persistently and excessively afraid of snakes.Whenever he sees one,he feels intense anxiety and thus avoids snakes at all costs.John realizes,however,that this fear is unrealistic.John most likely has

The Anxiety Sensitivity Index

Compare the behavioral etiology of specific phobias with that of post-traumatic stress disorder.Outline how these perspectives are similar and how they differ.

Why is social phobia listed as a separate condition from specific phobia?

Neurobiological research indicates that PTSD is associated with

Studies of the influence of cognition with respect to panic attacks indicate that cognition

Treatment of acute stress disorder is

Discuss treatment options for GAD.

Introduction and Historical Overview

Current Paradigms in Psychopathology

Diagnosis and Assessment

Research Methods in the Study of Psychopathology

Dissociative Disorders and Somatoform Disorders

Stress and Health

Mood Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

Schizophrenia

Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Disorders of Childhood

Late Life and Psychological Disorders

Psychological Treatment

Legal and Ethical Issues

Filters

Exam 5: Anxiety Disorders

How have beliefs about cultural differences in the manifestation of anxiety symptoms changed in recent years?

Ivan reported a traumatic history with dogs,resulting in his fear of dogs.However,Sven also reported a traumatic history with dogs,but does not have a fear of dogs.This provides support for

Which of the following is an obsession?

The two types of medications most commonly used to treat anxiety are

Both Lindsay and Nicole just completed a solo in a musical competition.The judges awarded them both 9 out of 10.Lindsay has social phobia and Nicole does not.Based on this information,

Based on research of effective treatments for social phobia,a therapist should consider

What is the main symptom of GAD?

Define the two-factor model as it relates to phobic conditioning.What are its limitations?

A major psychological hypothesis regarding the onset of panic involves

Julie has a social phobia.Given this information,it would not be surprising if she also met DSM-IV-TR criteria for

Behavioral models consider compulsions

Research shows that some brain areas are overactive in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).It is not clear,however,that overactivity in these areas causes OCD because

John is persistently and excessively afraid of snakes.Whenever he sees one,he feels intense anxiety and thus avoids snakes at all costs.John realizes,however,that this fear is unrealistic.John most likely has

The Anxiety Sensitivity Index

Compare the behavioral etiology of specific phobias with that of post-traumatic stress disorder.Outline how these perspectives are similar and how they differ.

Why is social phobia listed as a separate condition from specific phobia?

Neurobiological research indicates that PTSD is associated with

Studies of the influence of cognition with respect to panic attacks indicate that cognition

Treatment of acute stress disorder is

Discuss treatment options for GAD.

Introduction and Historical Overview

Current Paradigms in Psychopathology

Diagnosis and Assessment

Research Methods in the Study of Psychopathology

Dissociative Disorders and Somatoform Disorders

Stress and Health

Mood Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

Schizophrenia

Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Disorders of Childhood

Late Life and Psychological Disorders

Psychological Treatment

Legal and Ethical Issues

Filters