Question 1

Adolescents who score higher than their peers on an IQ test will probably:

Accepted Answer

A)  score lower than their peers on their next IQ test. 
B)  continue to score higher than their peers on future IQ tests. 
C)  score the same as their peers on their next IQ test. 
D)  cannot make a prediction based on the instability of intelligence. 
A)  score lower than their peers on their next IQ test. 
B)  continue to score higher than their peers on future IQ tests. 
C)  score the same as their peers on their next IQ test. 
D)  cannot make a prediction based on the instability of intelligence.

Question 2

One explanation for the risk-taking peak that is observed in adolescence is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescents are not aware of the risks associated with certain behaviors. 
B)  the prefrontal cortex is fully developed years before the limbic system is active. 
C)  adolescents are relatively higher in sensation seeking and impulsivity than children and adults. 
D)  None of the above statements are true. Risk taking does not peak in adolescence. 
A)  adolescents are not aware of the risks associated with certain behaviors. 
B)  the prefrontal cortex is fully developed years before the limbic system is active. 
C)  adolescents are relatively higher in sensation seeking and impulsivity than children and adults. 
D)  None of the above statements are true. Risk taking does not peak in adolescence.

Question 3

During adolescence, individuals' IQ scores _____, whereas their mental abilities _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  remain stable; increase 
B)  remain stable; decrease 
C)  increase; remain stable 
D)  decrease; remain stable 
A)  remain stable; increase 
B)  remain stable; decrease 
C)  increase; remain stable 
D)  decrease; remain stable

Question 4

Mr. Goldberg, a high school teacher, approaches you (a brilliant adolescent psychologist) regarding two of his students. He is concerned about their behavior and hopes you can explain what is going on. One student, Sharon, occasionally engages in unprotected sex. The other student, Michael, constantly wears pants to hide what he believes are skinny legs. Using David Elkind's research results, how would you characterize Sharon's behavior? How would you characterize Michael's behavior? Be sure to justify your answer.

Accepted Answer

These two phenomena result from Elkind's

Question 5

Teenagers may become self-conscious because they believe that people are talking about them. Which characteristic are they exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

A)  an imaginary audience 
B)  a personal fable 
C)  propositional logic 
D)  metacognition 
A)  an imaginary audience 
B)  a personal fable 
C)  propositional logic 
D)  metacognition

Question 6

Which of the following changes explains why adolescents, compared to children, may be better able to concentrate and stay focused on reading tasks?

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing use of mnemonic devices 
B)  becoming more flexible with strategy use 
C)  increasing speed of information processing 
D)  improvements in attention 
A)  increasing use of mnemonic devices 
B)  becoming more flexible with strategy use 
C)  increasing speed of information processing 
D)  improvements in attention

Question 7

Jesse is in the seventh grade at a school that has open classrooms with multiple teachers instructing their classes in one large area. Which of the following cognitive processes will help Jesse focus on his teacher?

Accepted Answer

A)  working memory 
B)  selective attention 
C)  long-term memory 
D)  divided attention 
A)  working memory 
B)  selective attention 
C)  long-term memory 
D)  divided attention

Question 8

Your roommate is taking an anatomy class and has noticed differences in the brains of younger and older rats. She knows ethical reasons prohibit euthanizing humans to examine their brains, and asks you how we learn about adolescent human brains. What can you tell her about how human brains are studied?

Accepted Answer

Scientists can use fMRI (functional magn

Question 9

Who of the following is probably an adolescent (and not a child)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maryann, who believes that people have complete control over their thoughts 
B)  Matthew, who believes that it is very possible to go for a long period of time without thinking about anything 
C)  Tamara, whose thinking is bound to observable events 
D)  Frank, who appraises his reading comprehension before starting the next chapter 
A)  Maryann, who believes that people have complete control over their thoughts 
B)  Matthew, who believes that it is very possible to go for a long period of time without thinking about anything 
C)  Tamara, whose thinking is bound to observable events 
D)  Frank, who appraises his reading comprehension before starting the next chapter

Question 10

Steve gets all As in his course work but has a hard time relating to the real world. According to Sternberg, Steve is above average in _____ intelligence but below average in _____ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  componential; experiential 
B)  componential; contextual 
C)  experiential; componential 
D)  contextual; experiential 
A)  componential; experiential 
B)  componential; contextual 
C)  experiential; componential 
D)  contextual; experiential

Question 11

Most research on adolescents' beliefs about rights and civil liberties comes from:

Accepted Answer

A)  studies of ethnic minority samples. 
B)  studies of Western, middle-class youth. 
C)  diverse SES samples. 
D)  adolescent girls. 
A)  studies of ethnic minority samples. 
B)  studies of Western, middle-class youth. 
C)  diverse SES samples. 
D)  adolescent girls.

Question 12

Juan is 4.5 years old. His language skills are excellent, but his thinking skills demonstrate limitations such as egocentrism. What Piagetian stage of thought would you suspect he is in?

Accepted Answer

A)  formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  concrete operational 
D)  preoperational 
A)  formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  concrete operational 
D)  preoperational

Question 13

Bickering and squabbling between teenagers and their parents is largely caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the generation gap. 
B)  hormonal changes in adolescents. 
C)  adolescents' ability to formulate counterarguments. 
D)  adolescents' antisocial tendencies. 
A)  the generation gap. 
B)  hormonal changes in adolescents. 
C)  adolescents' ability to formulate counterarguments. 
D)  adolescents' antisocial tendencies.

Question 14

What thought process helps adolescents appreciate the sarcasm and satire of Family Guy and The Simpsons?

Accepted Answer

A)  selective attention 
B)  sensation seeking 
C)  mutual role taking 
D)  multidimensional thinking 
A)  selective attention 
B)  sensation seeking 
C)  mutual role taking 
D)  multidimensional thinking

Question 15

Javier spends a great deal of time talking about relationships, politics, philosophy, religion, and morality with his friends, demonstrating his ability to think:

Accepted Answer

A)  abstractly. 
B)  preoperationally. 
C)  concretely. 
D)  deductively. 
A)  abstractly. 
B)  preoperationally. 
C)  concretely. 
D)  deductively.

Question 16

The text suggests that _________ are not a good explanation of adolescent egocentrism.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive deficiencies 
B)  emotional reasons 
C)  social reasons 
D)  the impact of other people's opinions 
A)  cognitive deficiencies 
B)  emotional reasons 
C)  social reasons 
D)  the impact of other people's opinions

Question 17

Much research on adults as well as adolescents indicates that the gaps between _____ and _____ in everyday situations are very large, with everyday decision making laden with logical errors that cannot be explained by cognitive incompetence.

Accepted Answer

A)  what individuals want to do; what they actually do 
B)  what individuals want to do; what they have time for 
C)  logical reasoning abilities; personal experience 
D)  logical reasoning abilities; their actual use of logical reasoning 
A)  what individuals want to do; what they actually do 
B)  what individuals want to do; what they have time for 
C)  logical reasoning abilities; personal experience 
D)  logical reasoning abilities; their actual use of logical reasoning

Question 18

Adolescent thinking can be distinguished from the thinking of children in several respects. All of these differences stem from improvement(s) in _____ during adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A)  abstract logical reasoning 
B)  personal life experiences 
C)  synaptic pruning 
D)  autonomy and personal responsibility 
A)  abstract logical reasoning 
B)  personal life experiences 
C)  synaptic pruning 
D)  autonomy and personal responsibility

Question 19

What was one of the results of the Guyer and colleagues' (2009) study, where teenagers were imaged with fMRI equipment while they thought they were participating in a networking task with other teenagers (in reality, the study was rigged such that they were automatically provided with positive or negative feedback)?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the adolescents were told that other teenagers were interested in them, areas of their brains known to be sensitive to rewards were activated. 
B)  When the adolescents were told that other teenagers were interested in them, no areas of their brains were activated. 
C)  When the adolescents were told that other teenagers were interested in them, areas of the brain that are activated during highly stressful events were activated. 
D)  When the adolescents were told that other teenagers were interested in them, the prefrontal cortex was fully activated. 
A)  When the adolescents were told that other teenagers were interested in them, areas of their brains known to be sensitive to rewards were activated. 
B)  When the adolescents were told that other teenagers were interested in them, no areas of their brains were activated. 
C)  When the adolescents were told that other teenagers were interested in them, areas of the brain that are activated during highly stressful events were activated. 
D)  When the adolescents were told that other teenagers were interested in them, the prefrontal cortex was fully activated.

Question 20

___________ theorists believe that changes in cognitive abilities appearing during adolescence are qualitative, whereas __________ theorists believe they are quantitative.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive-developmental; information-processing 
B)  Cognitive-developmental; behavioral decision 
C)  Information-processing; cognitive-developmental 
D)  Information-processing; behavioral decision 
A)  Cognitive-developmental; information-processing 
B)  Cognitive-developmental; behavioral decision 
C)  Information-processing; cognitive-developmental 
D)  Information-processing; behavioral decision

Adolescents who score higher than their peers on an IQ test will probably:

One explanation for the risk-taking peak that is observed in adolescence is that:

During adolescence, individuals' IQ scores _, whereas their mental abilities _.

Teenagers may become self-conscious because they believe that people are talking about them. Which characteristic are they exhibiting?

Which of the following changes explains why adolescents, compared to children, may be better able to concentrate and stay focused on reading tasks?

Jesse is in the seventh grade at a school that has open classrooms with multiple teachers instructing their classes in one large area. Which of the following cognitive processes will help Jesse focus on his teacher?

Who of the following is probably an adolescent (and not a child)?

Steve gets all As in his course work but has a hard time relating to the real world. According to Sternberg, Steve is above average in _ intelligence but below average in _ intelligence.

Most research on adolescents' beliefs about rights and civil liberties comes from:

Juan is 4.5 years old. His language skills are excellent, but his thinking skills demonstrate limitations such as egocentrism. What Piagetian stage of thought would you suspect he is in?

Bickering and squabbling between teenagers and their parents is largely caused by:

What thought process helps adolescents appreciate the sarcasm and satire of Family Guy and The Simpsons?

Javier spends a great deal of time talking about relationships, politics, philosophy, religion, and morality with his friends, demonstrating his ability to think:

The text suggests that _________ are not a good explanation of adolescent egocentrism.

Much research on adults as well as adolescents indicates that the gaps between _ and _ in everyday situations are very large, with everyday decision making laden with logical errors that cannot be explained by cognitive incompetence.

Adolescent thinking can be distinguished from the thinking of children in several respects. All of these differences stem from improvement(s) in _____ during adolescence.

_ theorists believe that changes in cognitive abilities appearing during adolescence are qualitative, whereas theorists believe they are quantitative.

Biological Transitions

Social Transitions

Families

Peer Groups

Schools

Work, Leisure, and Media

Identity

Autonomy

Intimacy

Sexuality

Achievement

Psychosocial Problems in Adolescence

Filters

Exam 2: Cognitive Transitions

Adolescents who score higher than their peers on an IQ test will probably:

One explanation for the risk-taking peak that is observed in adolescence is that:

During adolescence, individuals' IQ scores _____, whereas their mental abilities _____.

Teenagers may become self-conscious because they believe that people are talking about them. Which characteristic are they exhibiting?

Which of the following changes explains why adolescents, compared to children, may be better able to concentrate and stay focused on reading tasks?

Jesse is in the seventh grade at a school that has open classrooms with multiple teachers instructing their classes in one large area. Which of the following cognitive processes will help Jesse focus on his teacher?

Who of the following is probably an adolescent (and not a child)?

Steve gets all As in his course work but has a hard time relating to the real world. According to Sternberg, Steve is above average in _____ intelligence but below average in _____ intelligence.

Most research on adolescents' beliefs about rights and civil liberties comes from:

Juan is 4.5 years old. His language skills are excellent, but his thinking skills demonstrate limitations such as egocentrism. What Piagetian stage of thought would you suspect he is in?

Bickering and squabbling between teenagers and their parents is largely caused by:

What thought process helps adolescents appreciate the sarcasm and satire of Family Guy and The Simpsons?

Javier spends a great deal of time talking about relationships, politics, philosophy, religion, and morality with his friends, demonstrating his ability to think:

The text suggests that _________ are not a good explanation of adolescent egocentrism.

Much research on adults as well as adolescents indicates that the gaps between _____ and _____ in everyday situations are very large, with everyday decision making laden with logical errors that cannot be explained by cognitive incompetence.

Adolescent thinking can be distinguished from the thinking of children in several respects. All of these differences stem from improvement(s) in _____ during adolescence.

___________ theorists believe that changes in cognitive abilities appearing during adolescence are qualitative, whereas __________ theorists believe they are quantitative.

Biological Transitions

Social Transitions

Families

Peer Groups

Schools

Work, Leisure, and Media

Identity

Autonomy

Intimacy

Sexuality

Achievement

Psychosocial Problems in Adolescence

Filters

During adolescence, individuals' IQ scores _, whereas their mental abilities _.

Steve gets all As in his course work but has a hard time relating to the real world. According to Sternberg, Steve is above average in _ intelligence but below average in _ intelligence.

Much research on adults as well as adolescents indicates that the gaps between _ and _ in everyday situations are very large, with everyday decision making laden with logical errors that cannot be explained by cognitive incompetence.

_ theorists believe that changes in cognitive abilities appearing during adolescence are qualitative, whereas theorists believe they are quantitative.