Question 1

Patients with damage to the _______________ have difficulty switching rules in the Wisconsin Card Sort test.

Accepted Answer

A) right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex 
B) right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 
C) left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex 
D) left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 
A) right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex 
B) right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 
C) left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex 
D) left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Question 2

The _______________ reflects the tendency to accept conclusions to a syllogism that seem right.

Accepted Answer

A) belief-bias effect 
B) gullibility effect 
C) reasonable conclusion effect 
D) rational rule 
A) belief-bias effect 
B) gullibility effect 
C) reasonable conclusion effect 
D) rational rule

Question 3

Problems with clearly defined start states and goal states are known as ______________ problems.

Accepted Answer

A) unambiguous 
B) well-defined 
C) easy-to-solve 
D) understandable 
A) unambiguous 
B) well-defined 
C) easy-to-solve 
D) understandable

Question 4

If a cyclist is found to be guilty of blood doping and you conclude the all cyclists engage in blood doping practices,you have made a _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) specific induction 
B) general induction 
C) broad-based induction 
D) universal induction 
A) specific induction 
B) general induction 
C) broad-based induction 
D) universal induction

Question 5

In general,experts are better at __________ pieces of information than novices.

Accepted Answer

A) incorporating 
B) selecting 
C) comprehending 
D) chunking 
A) incorporating 
B) selecting 
C) comprehending 
D) chunking

Question 6

_____________ are actions that you can take to get from the start state to the problem solution.

Accepted Answer

A) Operations 
B) Behaviors 
C) Solution steps 
D) Procedures 
A) Operations 
B) Behaviors 
C) Solution steps 
D) Procedures

Question 7

In a syllogism,words like _____________ are known as qualifiers.

Accepted Answer

A) affirmative or negative 
B) all or some 
C) universal or particular 
D) valid or invalid 
A) affirmative or negative 
B) all or some 
C) universal or particular 
D) valid or invalid

Question 8

You are playing Clue.You believe that Miss Scarlet committed the murder with a revolver but you are not sure about the room.As you move from room to room,you ask the same question - "the Professor with a rope in the __________." What strategy are you using?

Accepted Answer

A) successive scanning 
B) feature gathering 
C) focus gambling 
D) systematic induction 
A) successive scanning 
B) feature gathering 
C) focus gambling 
D) systematic induction

Question 9

A negotiator trying to resolve conflict in the Middle East may ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) use heuristics 
B) use more than one problem space 
C) have multiple initial states 
D) not be able to use operations 
A) use heuristics 
B) use more than one problem space 
C) have multiple initial states 
D) not be able to use operations

Question 10

A common conditional reasoning task is the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) Wason selection task 
B) Venn diagramming task 
C) belief-bias task 
D) content-free logic task 
A) Wason selection task 
B) Venn diagramming task 
C) belief-bias task 
D) content-free logic task

Question 11

Regarding analogical reasoning,SMT stands for ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) structured mapping theory 
B) superficial mapping theory 
C) successful mental transfer 
D) simulated mathematics theory 
A) structured mapping theory 
B) superficial mapping theory 
C) successful mental transfer 
D) simulated mathematics theory

Question 12

Give an example of a categorical syllogism with its corresponding Venn diagrams.

Accepted Answer

Examples will vary b

Question 13

With category-based inductions,the starting fact is the __________ and the inference is the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesis,conclusion 
B) category,induction 
C) initial state,goal state 
D) premise,conclusion 
A) hypothesis,conclusion 
B) category,induction 
C) initial state,goal state 
D) premise,conclusion

Question 14

If both premises use the qualifier "no",then people are likely to say that a conclusion with the qualifier "no" is valid.This tendency is known as the ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) response bias effect 
B) atmosphere effect 
C) consistency effect 
D) perseveration effect 
A) response bias effect 
B) atmosphere effect 
C) consistency effect 
D) perseveration effect

Question 15

A difference between inductive and deductive reasoning is that if the premises are true in deductive reasoning the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) conclusion is always positive 
B) conclusion cannot be negative 
C) conclusion cannot be false. 
D) solution is easy 
A) conclusion is always positive 
B) conclusion cannot be negative 
C) conclusion cannot be false. 
D) solution is easy

Question 16

The ____________ heuristic involves looking one step ahead and picking an operation that ends in a state most resembling the goal.

Accepted Answer

A) next more 
B) rung at a time 
C) hill climbing 
D) baby step 
A) next more 
B) rung at a time 
C) hill climbing 
D) baby step

Question 17

Neuroimaging studies indicate that inductive reasoning tasks use both ____________ and ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) perceptual processes,executive functions 
B) perceptual processes,long-term memory 
C) working memory,long-term memory 
D) working memory,executive functions 
A) perceptual processes,executive functions 
B) perceptual processes,long-term memory 
C) working memory,long-term memory 
D) working memory,executive functions

Question 18

While playing the game Guess Who? you ask if the person is a female to determine the sex of the target.You are engaging in ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) sequential elimination 
B) progressive elimination 
C) focus gambling 
D) successive scanning 
A) sequential elimination 
B) progressive elimination 
C) focus gambling 
D) successive scanning

Question 19

Describe the Wason selection task.

Accepted Answer

In a typical Wason selection task,a part

Question 20

Aligning like features between source and target in working memory is known as ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) comparing 
B) mapping 
C) evaluating 
D) assessing 
A) comparing 
B) mapping 
C) evaluating 
D) assessing

Patients with damage to the _______________ have difficulty switching rules in the Wisconsin Card Sort test.

The _______________ reflects the tendency to accept conclusions to a syllogism that seem right.

Problems with clearly defined start states and goal states are known as ______________ problems.

If a cyclist is found to be guilty of blood doping and you conclude the all cyclists engage in blood doping practices,you have made a _______________.

In general,experts are better at __________ pieces of information than novices.

_____________ are actions that you can take to get from the start state to the problem solution.

In a syllogism,words like _____________ are known as qualifiers.

You are playing Clue.You believe that Miss Scarlet committed the murder with a revolver but you are not sure about the room.As you move from room to room,you ask the same question - "the Professor with a rope in the __________." What strategy are you using?

A negotiator trying to resolve conflict in the Middle East may ______________.

A common conditional reasoning task is the _______________.

Regarding analogical reasoning,SMT stands for ________________.

Give an example of a categorical syllogism with its corresponding Venn diagrams.

With category-based inductions,the starting fact is the and the inference is the .

If both premises use the qualifier "no",then people are likely to say that a conclusion with the qualifier "no" is valid.This tendency is known as the ______________.

A difference between inductive and deductive reasoning is that if the premises are true in deductive reasoning the ____________.

The ____________ heuristic involves looking one step ahead and picking an operation that ends in a state most resembling the goal.

Neuroimaging studies indicate that inductive reasoning tasks use both and __.

While playing the game Guess Who? you ask if the person is a female to determine the sex of the target.You are engaging in ______________.

Describe the Wason selection task.

Aligning like features between source and target in working memory is known as ___________.

How the Brain Gives Rise to the Mind

Perception

Attention

Representation and Knowledge in Long-Term Memory

Encoding and Retrieval From Long-Term Memory

Working Memory

Executive Processes

Emotion and Cognition

Decision Making

Motor Cognition and Mental Simulation

Language

Filters

Exam 10: Problem Solving and Reasoning

Patients with damage to the _______________ have difficulty switching rules in the Wisconsin Card Sort test.

The _______________ reflects the tendency to accept conclusions to a syllogism that seem right.

Problems with clearly defined start states and goal states are known as ______________ problems.

If a cyclist is found to be guilty of blood doping and you conclude the all cyclists engage in blood doping practices,you have made a _______________.

In general,experts are better at __________ pieces of information than novices.

_____________ are actions that you can take to get from the start state to the problem solution.

In a syllogism,words like _____________ are known as qualifiers.

You are playing Clue.You believe that Miss Scarlet committed the murder with a revolver but you are not sure about the room.As you move from room to room,you ask the same question - "the Professor with a rope in the __________." What strategy are you using?

A negotiator trying to resolve conflict in the Middle East may ______________.

A common conditional reasoning task is the _______________.

Regarding analogical reasoning,SMT stands for ________________.

Give an example of a categorical syllogism with its corresponding Venn diagrams.

With category-based inductions,the starting fact is the __________ and the inference is the __________.

If both premises use the qualifier "no",then people are likely to say that a conclusion with the qualifier "no" is valid.This tendency is known as the ______________.

A difference between inductive and deductive reasoning is that if the premises are true in deductive reasoning the ____________.

The ____________ heuristic involves looking one step ahead and picking an operation that ends in a state most resembling the goal.

Neuroimaging studies indicate that inductive reasoning tasks use both ____________ and ______________.

While playing the game Guess Who? you ask if the person is a female to determine the sex of the target.You are engaging in ______________.

Describe the Wason selection task.

Aligning like features between source and target in working memory is known as ___________.

How the Brain Gives Rise to the Mind

Perception

Attention

Representation and Knowledge in Long-Term Memory

Encoding and Retrieval From Long-Term Memory

Working Memory

Executive Processes

Emotion and Cognition

Decision Making

Motor Cognition and Mental Simulation

Language

Filters

With category-based inductions,the starting fact is the and the inference is the .

Neuroimaging studies indicate that inductive reasoning tasks use both and __.