Exam 11: Judgment and Reasoning

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Presumably, people would choose to use _____ when making judgments that are not particularly important and _____ for more crucial decisions, but evidence suggests this is not the case.

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Which of the following is TRUE if we consider the phrase, "Prejudice decreases as education increases"?

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The text suggests that illusory covariations arise from the fact that participants

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Studies indicate that training in statistics

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The expected value of an option is dependent on

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Megan cannot sleep at night because she is terribly worried about being robbed, which is highly unlikely. As her friend, you want to help her by describing judgment errors and why she should not lose any more sleep. Which concept is NOT contributing to her irrational fear?

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An employer interviews a job candidate for 15 minutes. On the basis of this interview, the employer decides that the candidate will perform well in the job, so he hires her. This is a case of a

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The term "illusory covariation" refers to an error in which

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Studies indicate that participants

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Participants tend NOT to use base-rate information if they are also given

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In one experiment, participants were asked to list either 6 or 12 instances in their lives when they were assertive. Which of the following statements in NOT true about the participants who were asked to list only 6 instances?

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Describe the ways that emotion can influence decision making. What tips would you give to a friend (or to yourself) to improve decision making under emotional duress?

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Which of the following statements about the effects of emotion on decision making is NOT true?

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Background knowledge can lead to mistakes, but it can also provide a benefit if

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An inductive judgment is one in which a person

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In several studies, participants have been asked to estimate the frequency of occurrence for various causes of death. The evidence suggests that participants' frequency estimates are strongly influenced by

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When thinking about the likelihood of events, humans are better able to make judgments based on information presented as _____ than as _____.

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Dual-process models state that people

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Fred is convinced that people who wear sandals cannot be trusted. People who wear shoes, though, seem trustworthy to Fred. This is a peculiar belief about

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Which of the following is correct regarding dual-process models?

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