Exam 28: Population Growth, resource Use, and Sustainability

A sustained yield refers to the

Traditional agriculture is dominated by ________ agriculture in which primarily human labor and draft animals are used to produce only enough crops or livestock for a family to survive.

The dominant type of agriculture practiced in temperate zones is ________.

Industrialized agriculture depends on crop rotation to naturally maintain concentrations of plant nutrients in the soils and to sustainably maintain productivity.

Soil erosion and temperature decrease when trees are removed from a forest.

Species characterized by a very high rate of population growth often lose much of their production due to high density-independent mortality.

Some nonrenewable resources may be recycled,which extends the effective lifetime of a resource.

One of the strengths of traditional models of sustainable harvest in fisheries is that they see stocks of fish species as components of a larger ecological system.

A field of corn is an example of polyculture.

The vast majority of human food resources are derived from agriculture.

Industrialized agriculture uses pesticides to control pest species and increase productivity.

________ agriculture refers to maintaining agriculture production indefinitely while minimizing environmental impacts.

The technique of discounting often runs counter to the objectives of sustainable resource management.

A(n)________ resource is one that is able to regenerate or resupply itself.

Ecosystem ________ are the processes by which the environment produces resources (natural capital)such as clean air,water,timber,or fish.

Swidden agriculture involves burning,which clears space for crops and produces ash that is high in nutrients.

Externalities occur when the actions of one individual affect another individual's well-being,and the relevant costs are reflected in market prices.

The research of Deborah Lawrence found that shifting cultivation practices in Indonesia result in increased levels of soil phosphorus with each successive cultivation cycle during the first 80 years of cultivation.

In ________ cutting,mature single trees or groups of trees scattered through the forest are removed,which produces only small openings or gaps on the forest canopy.

A stand of trees in an operative state is mature enough and economically available for harvest.