Exam 26: Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems

In tidal pools,

Ribbed mussels (Modiolus demissus),fiddler crabs (Uca spp.),and marsh periwinkles (Littorina spp.)are the dominant animals of a high salt marsh.

Salt marshes occur mostly below the intertidal zone and are exposed only during very low tides.

The meiofauna of a sandy beach refers to organisms living on the surface of sediments.

On rocky shores,shallow pools produced by ebbing tides maintain the same temperature and salinity as the open ocean.

Riverine wetlands usually have a longer hydroperiod than basin wetlands.

Shoreline communities exhibit strong zonation.

Cordgrass (Spartina),glassworts (Salicornia),and spearscale (Atriplex)are types of plants commonly found in

The hydroperiod of a wetland is longest for

All coastal shores have one feature in common: they are alternately exposed and submerged by the ________.

Intertidal mud flats in tropical regions are typically composed of

Cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora)can be found in different forms,such as tall in the low marsh environment and short in the high marsh environment.This response to environmental conditions is an example of genotypic plasticity.

Bogs formed when a lake basin fills in from above rather than from below,creating a floating mat of peat over open water,are called

In salt marshes,predatory fish move in when

Because bogs depend on precipitation for nutrient inputs,they are highly deficient in mineral salts and are low in pH.

Peat bogs and mires generally form under ________ conditions.

Bird and mammal predators are more common in salt marshes during low tide than during high tide.

________ plants are adapted to grow in water or on soil that is periodically anaerobic because of excess water.

Bacterial decomposition on sandy beaches is most rapid at ________ tide.

Compared to low tidal marshes,high tidal marshes are characterized by