Exam 16: Parasitism and Mutualism

A heavy load of parasites is termed a(n)________.

The mutualistic algae that live within the tissues of corals are called ________.

Microparasites are usually transmitted directly from one host to another.

Plants do not benefit from insects that prey on their nectar.

Mycorrhizae are nitrogen-fixing bacteria living within the roots of certain tropical trees.

The number of parasites per individual is relatively high in most individuals and low in a few individuals.

Nitrogen is important in the mutualism between legume plants and Rhizobium bacteria.

Some parasites are transmitted between hosts by an intermediate organism,or ________.

Parasites typically impact host survival but not reproduction.

The relationship between ants and acacias represents a defensive mutualism.

Plants often react to attacks on their leaves,stems,fruit,or seeds by forming abnormal structures called ________.

Plants that rely on ants to disperse their seeds have an ant-attracting food body on the seed coat referred to as a(n)________.

Preening by birds is an example of an inflammatory response to infection.

Holoparasites are plants that lack chlorophyll and are thus nonphotosynthetic,relying totally on a host's tissues for nutrition.

Myrmechochores are ants that are attracted to the seeds of certain plants.

An animal that feeds upon nectar is referred to as a(n)________.

In a commensalistic relationship between two species,only one species benefits without significantly affecting the other.

The formation of scabs on the skin and cysts in the muscles of animals in response to a parasite are examples of an inflammatory response.

The Lotka-Volterra models used for competition may also be used to describe the dynamics of a mutualism by replacing the competition coefficients with positive interaction coefficients.

Relatively large parasites,such as viruses,bacteria,and protozoans,are referred to as ________.