Exam 4: A Survey of Probability Concepts

Considering the chart below, what is the probability that if you select one person at random that they have committed a violent crime and were at least 20 years of age?

A study was done of the 377 vehicles parked in the college parking lot last Friday. The results follow. What is the probability of finding a vehicle that is both an SUV and either blue or grey in colour?

(i. A new computer game has been developed and its market potential is to be tested by 80 veteran game players. If sixty players liked the game, the probability that veteran game players will like the new computer game is 0.60. (ii) A probability that is based on someone's opinion, guess or hunch is subjective. (iii) The probability that a one-spot or a two-spot or a six-spot will appear face up on the throw of one die is 1/2 or 0.5.

(i. When the special rule of multiplication is used events A and B must be independent. (ii) A probability is subjective if it is based on a person's degree of belief and hunches that a particular event will happen. (iii) If there are five vacant parking places and five automobiles arrive at the same time, they can park in 25 different ways.

Each salesperson in a large department store chain is rated with respect to sales potential for advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross-classified into the following table: What is the probability that the selected salesperson has above average sales ability?

(i. If there is absolutely no chance a person will purchase a new car this year, the probability assigned to this event is zero. (ii) If the set of events are collectively exhaustive and mutually exclusive, the sum of the probabilities equals 0. (iii) Suppose four heads did appear face up on the toss of a coin four times. The probability that a head will appear face up in the next toss of the coin is 1/2 or 0.5.

A survey of 500 top Canadian companies reported what the companies' hiring outlook was for the next 18 months as well as the general company outlook for the economy over the same period of time. What is the probability that a randomly selected company has an unfavourable forecast for the economy for the next 18 months?

(i. When the special rule of multiplication is used events A and B must be conditional. (ii) A probability is subjective if it is based on a person's degree of belief and hunches that a particular event will happen. (iii) If there are five vacant parking places and five automobiles arrive at the same time, they can park in 120 different ways.

i. A probability is usually expressed as a decimal, such as 0.70 or 0.27, but it may be given as a fraction, such as 7/10 or 27/100. ii. The closer a probability is to 0, the more likely that an event will not happen. iii. The closer the probability is to 1.00, the more likely an event will happen.

(i. A particular result of an experiment is called a(n) outcome. (ii) When the occurrence of one event does not affect the occurrence of the other event, the two events are independent. (iii) If the order of a set of objects is important, it is called combination.

Information on the 30 Major League Baseball teams for the 2003 season has been summarized based on game attendance. What is the probability that if a team is selected at random, it had a losing season and drew attendance of less than 2.0 million?

i. The Cunard luxury liner, Queen Elizabeth 2, cannot be docked in Hong Kong and Bangkok at the same time. Events such as these that cannot occur simultaneously are said to be mutually exclusive. ii. If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication formula states that there are (m) $\bullet$ (n) ways of doing both. iii. A permutation is an arrangement of a set of objects in which order does not matter.

When are two events mutually exclusive?

(i. If there is absolutely no chance a person will purchase a new car this year, the probability assigned to this event is 0.5. (ii) If the set of events are collectively exhaustive and mutually exclusive, the sum of the probabilities equals 1. (iii) Suppose four heads did appear face up on the toss of a coin four times. The probability that a head will appear face up in the next toss of the coin is 1/2 or 0.5.

i. An illustration of an experiment is turning the ignition key of an automobile as it comes off the assembly line to determine whether or not the engine will start. ii. If there are 'm' ways of doing one thing and 'n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication formula states that there are (m)*(n) ways of doing both. iii. A permutation is an arrangement of a set of objects in which there is an order from the first through the last.

Each salesperson in a large department store chain is rated with respect to sales potential for advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross-classified into the following table: What is the probability that the selected salesperson has average sales ability?

When two or more events can occur concurrently it is called

When an event's probability depends on the likelihood of another event, the probability is

Each salesperson in a large department store chain is rated with respect to sales potential for advancement. These traits for the 500 salespeople were cross-classified into the following table: What is the probability that the selected salesperson has a fair potential for advancement, given that they have a below average ability?

The customer service department of H&R Block received a total of 235 telephone requests for a tip-sheet on personal tax or corporate tax. The following table summarizes callers' primary area of interest, and how they first heard about the tip-sheet. Suppose that a caller is selected at random. Are they more likely to be interested in personal tax and first heard about the report from the radio, or more likely to be interested in corporate tax and first heard about the report from the radio?