Question 1

Differentiation of the Earth's iron core and collisions of planetesimals caused early Earth to

Accepted Answer

A)  glow brighter than the Sun. 
B)  be much cooler than at present. 
C)  be much hotter than at present. 
D)  be much more oblong than at present. 
A)  glow brighter than the Sun. 
B)  be much cooler than at present. 
C)  be much hotter than at present. 
D)  be much more oblong than at present.

Question 2

As compared to mafic igneous rocks,felsic igneous rocks

Accepted Answer

A)  cool and solidify more quickly. 
B)  cool and solidify more slowly. 
C)  solidify at higher temperatures. 
D)  have a higher proportion of silica relative to Mg oxide and Fe oxide. 
A)  cool and solidify more quickly. 
B)  cool and solidify more slowly. 
C)  solidify at higher temperatures. 
D)  have a higher proportion of silica relative to Mg oxide and Fe oxide.

Question 3

Compare and contrast a dike and a sill.How do they relate to surrounding rock layers?

Accepted Answer

Dikes and sills are both tabular igneous

Question 4

If the volatile content of magma is increased,its viscosity will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  stay the same. 
D)  Volatile content has no effect on viscosity. 
A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  stay the same. 
D)  Volatile content has no effect on viscosity.

Question 5

Intrusive rocks that form deep within the Earth ______________ than intrusive rocks that cool near the surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  are more felsic 
B)  contain a smaller proportion of volatiles 
C)  cool more slowly 
D)  are less dense 
A)  are more felsic 
B)  contain a smaller proportion of volatiles 
C)  cool more slowly 
D)  are less dense

Question 6

Most commonly,felsic igneous rocks

Accepted Answer

A)  contain more iron and magnesium than intermediate rocks. 
B)  are lighter in color than mafic rocks. 
C)  are darker in color than mafic rocks. 
D)  are found in oceanic crust. 
A)  contain more iron and magnesium than intermediate rocks. 
B)  are lighter in color than mafic rocks. 
C)  are darker in color than mafic rocks. 
D)  are found in oceanic crust.

Question 7

Vesicles in an igneous rock are evidence for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a highly felsic composition 
B)  degassing of volatiles 
C)  fractional crystallization 
D)  magma mixing 
A)  a highly felsic composition 
B)  degassing of volatiles 
C)  fractional crystallization 
D)  magma mixing

Question 8

A _________ is an irregular or blob-shaped intrusive body; a ___________ is a blister-shaped intrusion.

Accepted Answer

A)  pluton; batholith 
B)  pluton; laccolith 
C)  batholith; laccolith 
D)  batholith; pluton 
A)  pluton; batholith 
B)  pluton; laccolith 
C)  batholith; laccolith 
D)  batholith; pluton

Question 9

A felsic,highly-vesicular volcanic rock is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  pumice. 
B)  granite. 
C)  tuff. 
D)  scoria. 
A)  pumice. 
B)  granite. 
C)  tuff. 
D)  scoria.

Question 10

A majority of the melts in the Earth form through the partial melting of ultramafic mantle rock.These newly formed magmas are

Accepted Answer

A)  ultramafic. 
B)  mafic. 
C)  felsic. 
D)  intermediate. 
A)  ultramafic. 
B)  mafic. 
C)  felsic. 
D)  intermediate.

Question 11

Large igneous provinces are formed by ________,which can flow tens to hundreds of kilometers.

Accepted Answer

A)  flood basalts 
B)  sills 
C)  super plumes 
D)  highly explosive eruptions 
A)  flood basalts 
B)  sills 
C)  super plumes 
D)  highly explosive eruptions

Question 12

Which of the following statements cannot be applied to the extrusive igneous rock obsidian?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is composed of volcanic glass. 
B)  It possesses conchoidal fracture. 
C)  It is typically felsic in composition. 
D)  It cools very slowly. 
A)  It is composed of volcanic glass. 
B)  It possesses conchoidal fracture. 
C)  It is typically felsic in composition. 
D)  It cools very slowly.

Question 13

Granite,an intrusive igneous rock,is most similar in mineral composition to which extrusive equivalent?

Accepted Answer

A)  andesite 
B)  basalt 
C)  gabbro 
D)  rhyolite 
A)  andesite 
B)  basalt 
C)  gabbro 
D)  rhyolite

Question 14

If a body of magma becomes more felsic,its viscosity will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  stay the same. 
D)  Chemical composition has no effect on viscosity. 
A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  stay the same. 
D)  Chemical composition has no effect on viscosity.

Question 15

In the discontinuous series of Bowen's reaction series,the first mineral to crystallize from a mafic melt is

Accepted Answer

A)  olivine. 
B)  plagioclase. 
C)  pyroxene. 
D)  quartz. 
A)  olivine. 
B)  plagioclase. 
C)  pyroxene. 
D)  quartz.

Question 16

What is a tuff? How does a tuff form?

Accepted Answer

Tuff is the term used for an extrusive i

Question 17

Which of the following is not typically associated with the eruption of a Large Igneous Province (LIP)?

Accepted Answer

A)  sea-level rise 
B)  climate change 
C)  extinction 
D)  emplacement of large granite batholiths 
A)  sea-level rise 
B)  climate change 
C)  extinction 
D)  emplacement of large granite batholiths

Question 18

As compared to coarse-grained igneous rocks,fine-grained igneous rocks

Accepted Answer

A)  cool and solidify more quickly. 
B)  cool and solidify more slowly. 
C)  solidify at higher temperatures. 
D)  solidify at lower temperatures. 
A)  cool and solidify more quickly. 
B)  cool and solidify more slowly. 
C)  solidify at higher temperatures. 
D)  solidify at lower temperatures.

Question 19

Label the cross-section of the convergent boundary shown below.Be sure to use all of the following words/phrases: down-going plate,overriding plate,volcanic arc,volatiles being released,magma forming,Moho,magma rising.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Label the cross-section of the convergent boundary...

Question 20

Pegmatites,which often occur in dikes,are unusual among shallow intrusive rocks in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  possess porphyritic texture. 
B)  possess exceptionally coarse grains. 
C)  are mineralogically identical to basalt. 
D)  are glassy,cooling so rapidly that crystals do not have time to form. 
A)  possess porphyritic texture. 
B)  possess exceptionally coarse grains. 
C)  are mineralogically identical to basalt. 
D)  are glassy,cooling so rapidly that crystals do not have time to form.

Exam 6: Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

Differentiation of the Earth's iron core and collisions of planetesimals caused early Earth to

As compared to mafic igneous rocks,felsic igneous rocks

Compare and contrast a dike and a sill.How do they relate to surrounding rock layers?

If the volatile content of magma is increased,its viscosity will

Intrusive rocks that form deep within the Earth ______________ than intrusive rocks that cool near the surface.

Most commonly,felsic igneous rocks

Vesicles in an igneous rock are evidence for which of the following?

A _________ is an irregular or blob-shaped intrusive body; a ___________ is a blister-shaped intrusion.

A felsic,highly-vesicular volcanic rock is termed

A majority of the melts in the Earth form through the partial melting of ultramafic mantle rock.These newly formed magmas are

Large igneous provinces are formed by ________,which can flow tens to hundreds of kilometers.

Which of the following statements cannot be applied to the extrusive igneous rock obsidian?

Granite,an intrusive igneous rock,is most similar in mineral composition to which extrusive equivalent?

If a body of magma becomes more felsic,its viscosity will

In the discontinuous series of Bowen's reaction series,the first mineral to crystallize from a mafic melt is

What is a tuff? How does a tuff form?

Which of the following is not typically associated with the eruption of a Large Igneous Province (LIP)?

As compared to coarse-grained igneous rocks,fine-grained igneous rocks

Label the cross-section of the convergent boundary shown below.Be sure to use all of the following words/phrases: down-going plate,overriding plate,volcanic arc,volatiles being released,magma forming,Moho,magma rising.

Pegmatites,which often occur in dikes,are unusual among shallow intrusive rocks in that they

Cosmology and the Birth of the Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags,cracks,and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of the Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: the Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Introducing Rocks

a Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

the Rock Cycle in the Earth System

the Earths Interior, Revisited: Seismic Layering, Gravity, and the Magnetic Field

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Prelude: and Just What Is Geology

Filters

A _ is an irregular or blob-shaped intrusive body; a ___ is a blister-shaped intrusion.