Exam 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

In explaining the process by which kin selection works to encourage altruism,evolutionary psychologists would argue that

According to reports (Rosenthal,1964),many of Kitty Genovese's unresponsive neighbors did hear her crying out,"Oh my God,he stabbed me! Please help me! Please help me!" This suggests that the reason that her neighbors failed to intervene followed from

When other bystanders are present,people are less likely to interpret an event as an emergency. ____ best explains why this is so.

Recall that the introduction to Chapter 11 (Prosocial Behavior)began with a description of several of the citizen-heroes of September 11,2001-for example William Wik,who refused to flee to personal safety because there were still people to be rescued.He died when the tower collapsed.Wik was willing to sacrifice his own life to save others,and his behavior could thus best be described as

Julianna likes to contribute to worthy charities because she can help others and,at the same time,get a tax deduction.Julianna is engaging in

You are trying to convince your friend Alexandria to donate her time and money to your favorite charitable cause.If you wanted to use the "feel bad; do good" idea to persuade her to help,you would

According to ____,helping occurs only when the benefits of helping outweigh the costs.

According to the urban overload hypothesis,people in cities should be less likely to help than people in small towns because

On her first day of work in a new job,Amy would be most likely to feel resentful were a coworker to say to her,

Humans' ability to learn social norms is due to

According to evolutionary theory (Darwin,1859),natural selection favors genes that promote individual survival.This tenet is most troublesome in explaining

Which of the following is the best example of altruistic behavior?

Several researchers have found that people are more likely to receive help in a rural environment than in an urban environment.Are urban dwellers simply more callous?

Research by Levine,Norenzayan,and Philbrick (2000)tested the hypothesis that rates of helping strangers would be higher in countries that valued simpatía.They staged helping incidents in twenty-three large cities and observed whether or not people helped.These researchers found

Ruth has an acquaintance,Jack,and an old friend,Ted.Considering what you know about the nature of helping in communal and exchange relationships,describe how Ruth might respond if both Jack and Ted asked her to help each of them move.

According to the authors of your text,people who are in a good mood help others because they are looking on the bright side of life,because it prolongs the good mood,and because

Recall that Paul Amato (1983)staged an incident in which a man fell down with a cry of pain and raised his pant leg to reveal a bloody injury.The staged scene was repeated in both rural and urban areas.When Amato counted the number of passersby who stopped to help the man,he found that

Recall that Bibb Latané and John Darley (1970)had participants complete questionnaires alone,or in the presence of two others.When the experimental room filled with "smoke," participants who were alone reported the potential emergency more quickly than did those who worked on the questionnaire in the company of others.These results provide support for the concept of

Social exchange theory would have the most trouble explaining which of the following helping situations?

Annie works with AIDS patients to get an idea of whether she wants to pursue social work as a career.Bert volunteers at a mental hospital to fulfill a class requirement.Stacey paints a mural for her old school because her sorority requires her to do a community service project.George helps the elderly prepare their income tax returns because his accounting firm will not give him a Christmas bonus if he does not volunteer.Who is most likely to engage in volunteer work again in the future?