Question 1

What is egoism?

Accepted Answer

A)  the believe that ethical decisions should be based on acting opposite of one's own self-interest 
B)  the believe that ethical decisions should be based on acting in accordance with one's own self-interest 
C)  the belief that ethical decisions should be based on helping without personal benefit 
D)  the belief that ethical decisions should be based on doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people 
A)  the believe that ethical decisions should be based on acting opposite of one's own self-interest 
B)  the believe that ethical decisions should be based on acting in accordance with one's own self-interest 
C)  the belief that ethical decisions should be based on helping without personal benefit 
D)  the belief that ethical decisions should be based on doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people B

Question 2

Which of the following ethical principles is the most central to the utilitarian perspective of ethical understanding?

Accepted Answer

A)  beneficence 
B)  integrity 
C)  respect 
D)  justice 
A)  beneficence 
B)  integrity 
C)  respect 
D)  justice A

Question 3

Imagine that you are the chair of your university's IRB committee. You receive a research protocol that describes a study examining the limitations of human digestion. The proposed procedure requires participants to eat until they become sick in an effort to advance the current understanding of differential limits on eating behavior. Explain why you would approve or reject this research proposal.

Accepted Answer

This proposal appears to investigate a worthwhile topic. However, it proposes a procedure that would inflict physical harm and discomfort on participants. Accordingly, students should reject this research proposal citing the principle of beneficence and nonmaleficence. Researchers are obligated to promote the welfare of others by maximizing the benefits and minimizing the risks of research. However, in this study, it appears that they would knowingly subject their participants to physical harm. Only if the researchers are able to make a case that the potential costs are outweighed by the benefit to participants, the field, or society, should this study be considered for approval.

Question 4

Justice pertains to:

Accepted Answer

A)  how researchers maintain confidentiality. 
B)  not coercing participation in the study. 
C)  fairness in who is used as study participants. 
D)  maximizing beneficial outcomes of research studies. 
A)  how researchers maintain confidentiality. 
B)  not coercing participation in the study. 
C)  fairness in who is used as study participants. 
D)  maximizing beneficial outcomes of research studies.

Question 5

Each of the following are benefits of the debriefing, EXCEPT it:

Accepted Answer

A)  helps participants learn about the scientific process. 
B)  reveals the hypothesis under investigation. 
C)  provides contact information to counseling services in case the study causes later emotional distress. 
D)  contains further deception for the researcher to investigate. 
A)  helps participants learn about the scientific process. 
B)  reveals the hypothesis under investigation. 
C)  provides contact information to counseling services in case the study causes later emotional distress. 
D)  contains further deception for the researcher to investigate.

Question 6

What is the difference between confidentiality and anonymity?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality is the promise to protec

Question 7

Which of the five ethical guidelines put forth by the American Psychological Association do you think is the most important? Why?

Accepted Answer

The five ethical guidelines put forth by

Question 8

The file drawer problem is:

Accepted Answer

A)  when researchers summarize others' ideas in their own words. 
B)  representing the work of others as your own. 
C)  the nonpublication of research finding that fail to conclusively support research hypotheses. 
D)  when a researcher exposes the identity of participant. 
A)  when researchers summarize others' ideas in their own words. 
B)  representing the work of others as your own. 
C)  the nonpublication of research finding that fail to conclusively support research hypotheses. 
D)  when a researcher exposes the identity of participant.

Question 9

What is a confederate?

Accepted Answer

A)  an accomplice of the experimenter 
B)  participants who have not given assent 
C)  participants in other studies 
D)  participants who do not know the purpose of a study 
A)  an accomplice of the experimenter 
B)  participants who have not given assent 
C)  participants in other studies 
D)  participants who do not know the purpose of a study

Question 10

_____ is a commitment to intellectual honesty and adherence to ethical principles in scientific research, whereas _____ is fairness in selecting participants and in determining which participants receive the benefits of participation and which bear the burden of risk.

Accepted Answer

A)  Justice; integrity 
B)  Integrity; beneficence 
C)  Beneficence; respect 
D)  Integrity; justice 
A)  Justice; integrity 
B)  Integrity; beneficence 
C)  Beneficence; respect 
D)  Integrity; justice

Question 11

Each of the following is a benefit that counts toward the cost-benefit analysis, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  participants gain knowledge about the research process. 
B)  participants may receive compensation for their time and effort. 
C)  results of the study may benefit society and/or the field of psychology. 
D)  the researcher may obtain personal gain from publishing the work. 
A)  participants gain knowledge about the research process. 
B)  participants may receive compensation for their time and effort. 
C)  results of the study may benefit society and/or the field of psychology. 
D)  the researcher may obtain personal gain from publishing the work.

Question 12

How many principles are outlined in the Belmont Report?

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five 
A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five

Question 13

Which of the following includes distress, concern, and lowered self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  physical harm 
B)  legal harm 
C)  psychological harm 
D)  economic harm 
A)  physical harm 
B)  legal harm 
C)  psychological harm 
D)  economic harm

Question 14

The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee evaluates adherence to regulations on each of the following, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  housing. 
B)  food. 
C)  health care. 
D)  rate of mortality. 
A)  housing. 
B)  food. 
C)  health care. 
D)  rate of mortality.

Question 15

The nonpublication of research finding that fail to conclusively support the hypotheses of interest is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  plagiarism. 
B)  paraphrasing. 
C)  the file drawer problem. 
D)  nonmaleficence. 
A)  plagiarism. 
B)  paraphrasing. 
C)  the file drawer problem. 
D)  nonmaleficence.

Question 16

The difference between consent and assent is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  consent can only be given by the participant. 
B)  assent can only be given by a parent or legal guardian on behalf of the participant. 
C)  consent is given by someone who does not have the ability to give assent themselves. 
D)  assent is given by someone who does not have the ability to give consent themselves. 
A)  consent can only be given by the participant. 
B)  assent can only be given by a parent or legal guardian on behalf of the participant. 
C)  consent is given by someone who does not have the ability to give assent themselves. 
D)  assent is given by someone who does not have the ability to give consent themselves.

Question 17

Which study as the most obvious beneficence?

Accepted Answer

A)  a social psychology study examining conformity 
B)  a developmental psychology study examining moral development in preschoolers 
C)  a health psychology study aimed at minimizing risk of cancer 
D)  a clinical psychology study examining dosage for anxiety medication 
A)  a social psychology study examining conformity 
B)  a developmental psychology study examining moral development in preschoolers 
C)  a health psychology study aimed at minimizing risk of cancer 
D)  a clinical psychology study examining dosage for anxiety medication

Question 18

Dr. Halpert is a reviewer for the IRB. He receives a research protocol that details a health psychology study in which participants are unknowingly injected with strains of chlamydia in order to investigate the optimal antibiotic treatment. What is likely her first concern?

Accepted Answer

A)  a violation of the ethical principle of respect 
B)  the researcher's failure to maintain scientific integrity 
C)  a violation of the principle of fidelity 
D)  that costs and rewards of the study are not divided fairly among representative samples of the population 
A)  a violation of the ethical principle of respect 
B)  the researcher's failure to maintain scientific integrity 
C)  a violation of the principle of fidelity 
D)  that costs and rewards of the study are not divided fairly among representative samples of the population

Question 19

Which of the following is the foundation of most ethical decisions in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-interest versus what is good for others 
B)  tension between potential costs and benefits 
C)  objective versus subjective understanding of truth 
D)  the dichotomy between good and evil 
A)  self-interest versus what is good for others 
B)  tension between potential costs and benefits 
C)  objective versus subjective understanding of truth 
D)  the dichotomy between good and evil

Question 20

Ethics are:

Accepted Answer

A)  what a person should do. 
B)  what a person should not do. 
C)  the application of moral principles to help guide one's decisions and behavior. 
D)  abstract philosophical doctrines governing behavioral practices. 
A)  what a person should do. 
B)  what a person should not do. 
C)  the application of moral principles to help guide one's decisions and behavior. 
D)  abstract philosophical doctrines governing behavioral practices.

What is egoism?

Which of the following ethical principles is the most central to the utilitarian perspective of ethical understanding?

Justice pertains to:

Each of the following are benefits of the debriefing, EXCEPT it:

What is the difference between confidentiality and anonymity?

Which of the five ethical guidelines put forth by the American Psychological Association do you think is the most important? Why?

The file drawer problem is:

What is a confederate?

_ is a commitment to intellectual honesty and adherence to ethical principles in scientific research, whereas _ is fairness in selecting participants and in determining which participants receive the benefits of participation and which bear the burden of risk.

Each of the following is a benefit that counts toward the cost-benefit analysis, EXCEPT:

How many principles are outlined in the Belmont Report?

Which of the following includes distress, concern, and lowered self-esteem?

The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee evaluates adherence to regulations on each of the following, EXCEPT:

The nonpublication of research finding that fail to conclusively support the hypotheses of interest is referred to as:

The difference between consent and assent is that:

Which study as the most obvious beneficence?

Dr. Halpert is a reviewer for the IRB. He receives a research protocol that details a health psychology study in which participants are unknowingly injected with strains of chlamydia in order to investigate the optimal antibiotic treatment. What is likely her first concern?

Which of the following is the foundation of most ethical decisions in psychology?

Ethics are:

Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders

Using Research in the Real World: How Do You Know If You Are Truly Helping

a Statistical Tools for Answering Research Questions

Filters

Exam 3: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

What is egoism?

Which of the following ethical principles is the most central to the utilitarian perspective of ethical understanding?

Justice pertains to:

Each of the following are benefits of the debriefing, EXCEPT it:

What is the difference between confidentiality and anonymity?

Which of the five ethical guidelines put forth by the American Psychological Association do you think is the most important? Why?

The file drawer problem is:

What is a confederate?

_____ is a commitment to intellectual honesty and adherence to ethical principles in scientific research, whereas _____ is fairness in selecting participants and in determining which participants receive the benefits of participation and which bear the burden of risk.

Each of the following is a benefit that counts toward the cost-benefit analysis, EXCEPT:

How many principles are outlined in the Belmont Report?

Which of the following includes distress, concern, and lowered self-esteem?

The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee evaluates adherence to regulations on each of the following, EXCEPT:

The nonpublication of research finding that fail to conclusively support the hypotheses of interest is referred to as:

The difference between consent and assent is that:

Which study as the most obvious beneficence?

Dr. Halpert is a reviewer for the IRB. He receives a research protocol that details a health psychology study in which participants are unknowingly injected with strains of chlamydia in order to investigate the optimal antibiotic treatment. What is likely her first concern?

Which of the following is the foundation of most ethical decisions in psychology?

Ethics are:

Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Observational Research: the Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders

Using Research in the Real World: How Do You Know If You Are Truly Helping

a Statistical Tools for Answering Research Questions

Filters

_ is a commitment to intellectual honesty and adherence to ethical principles in scientific research, whereas _ is fairness in selecting participants and in determining which participants receive the benefits of participation and which bear the burden of risk.