Question 1

A Type II error occurs when a researcher concludes that a treatment has an effect but,in fact,the treatment has no effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The critical boundaries for a hypothesis test are z = +1.96 and F1F1F1S1F1F1F101.96.If the z-score for the sample data is z = F1F1F1S1F1F1F101.90,what is the correct statistical decision?

Accepted Answer

A) Fail to reject H1 
B) Fail to reject H0 
C) Reject H1 
D) Reject H0 
A) Fail to reject H1 
B) Fail to reject H0 
C) Reject H1 
D) Reject H0

Question 3

It is possible for a very small treatment effect to be a statistically significant treatment effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What is the effect of decreasing the alpha level (for example,from α = .05 to α = .01)?

Accepted Answer

A) It decreases the probability of a Type I error. 
B) It decreases the size of the critical region. 
C) It decreases the probability that the sample will fall into the critical region. 
D) All of the other options are results of decreasing alpha. 
A) It decreases the probability of a Type I error. 
B) It decreases the size of the critical region. 
C) It decreases the probability that the sample will fall into the critical region. 
D) All of the other options are results of decreasing alpha.

Question 5

A researcher is conducting an experiment to evaluate a treatment that is expected to increase the scores for individuals in a population that is known to have a mean of μ = 80.The results will be examined using a one-tailed hypothesis test.Which of the following is the correct statement of the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) μ > 80 B) μ > 80. C) μ < 80 D) μ < 80, A) μ > 80 B) μ > 80. C) μ < 80 D) μ < 80,

Question 6

A researcher expects a treatment to increase the scores for individuals in a population.The treatment is evaluated using a one-tailed hypothesis test,and the test produces z = +2.40.Based on this result,what is the correct statistical decision?

Accepted Answer

A) The researcher should reject the null hypothesis with α = .05 but not with α = .01 
B) The researcher should reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01 
C) The researcher should fail to reject H0 with either α = .05 or α = .01 
D) Cannot answer without additional information 
A) The researcher should reject the null hypothesis with α = .05 but not with α = .01 
B) The researcher should reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01 
C) The researcher should fail to reject H0 with either α = .05 or α = .01 
D) Cannot answer without additional information

Question 7

When is there a risk of a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

A) Whenever H0 is rejected 
B) Whenever H1 is rejected 
C) Whenever the decision is "fail to reject H0" 
D) The risk of a Type I error is independent of the decision from a hypothesis test. 
A) Whenever H0 is rejected 
B) Whenever H1 is rejected 
C) Whenever the decision is "fail to reject H0" 
D) The risk of a Type I error is independent of the decision from a hypothesis test.

Question 8

You complete a hypothesis test using F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05,and based on the evidence from the sample,your decision is to fail to reject the null hypothesis.If the treatment actually does have an effect,which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) You have made a Type I error. 
B) You have made a Type II error. 
C) You might have made a Type I error,but the probability is only 5% at most. 
D) You have made the correct decision. 
A) You have made a Type I error. 
B) You have made a Type II error. 
C) You might have made a Type I error,but the probability is only 5% at most. 
D) You have made the correct decision.

Question 9

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample from a population with a mean of F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = 60.If the treatment is expected to increase scores and a one-tailed test is used to evaluate the treatment effect,then the null hypothesis would state that F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 60.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the consequence of a Type II error?

Accepted Answer

A) Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really does 
B) Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really has no effect 
C) Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really does 
D) Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really has no effect 
A) Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really does 
B) Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really has no effect 
C) Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really does 
D) Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really has no effect

Question 11

If a hypothesis test rejects the null hypothesis using an alpha level of α = .05,then the research report would include the statement,"p > .05."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

For a hypothesis test evaluating the effect of a treatment on a population mean,what basic assumption is made concerning the treatment effect?

Accepted Answer

A) If there is a treatment effect,it will increase the scores. 
B) If there is a treatment effect,it will decrease the scores. 
C) If there is a treatment effect,it will add (or subtract)a constant to each score. 
D) If there is a treatment effect,it will multiply (or divide)each score by a constant. 
A) If there is a treatment effect,it will increase the scores. 
B) If there is a treatment effect,it will decrease the scores. 
C) If there is a treatment effect,it will add (or subtract)a constant to each score. 
D) If there is a treatment effect,it will multiply (or divide)each score by a constant.

Question 13

Which of the following is an accurate definition of a Type II error?

Accepted Answer

A) Rejecting a false null hypothesis 
B) Rejecting a true null hypothesis 
C) Failing to reject a false null hypothesis 
D) Failing to reject a true null hypothesis 
A) Rejecting a false null hypothesis 
B) Rejecting a true null hypothesis 
C) Failing to reject a false null hypothesis 
D) Failing to reject a true null hypothesis

Question 14

A researcher selects a sample of n = 25 from a normal population with µ = 40 and σ = 10.If the treatment is expected to increase scores by 3 points,what is the power of a two-tailed hypothesis test using α = .05?

Accepted Answer

The critical region boundary of z = +1.9

Question 15

The critical region for a hypothesis test consists of sample outcomes that are very unlikely to occur if the null hypothesis is true.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The power of a hypothesis test is the probability that the sample mean will be in the critical region even if the treatment has no effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What is the consequence of a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

A) Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really does 
B) Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really has no effect 
C) Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really does 
D) Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really has no effect 
A) Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really does 
B) Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really has no effect 
C) Concluding that a treatment has no effect when it really does 
D) Concluding that a treatment has an effect when it really has no effect

Question 18

If the research prediction is that the treatment will decrease scores,then the critical region for a directional test will be in the left-hand tail.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Even if a treatment has no effect,it is still possible to obtain an extreme sample mean that is very different from the population mean.What outcome is likely if this happens?

Accepted Answer

A) Reject H0 and make a Type I error 
B) Correctly reject H0 
C) Fail to reject H0 and make a Type II error 
D) Correctly fail to reject H0 
A) Reject H0 and make a Type I error 
B) Correctly reject H0 
C) Fail to reject H0 and make a Type II error 
D) Correctly fail to reject H0

Question 20

The value obtained for Cohen's d is independent of the sample size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A Type II error occurs when a researcher concludes that a treatment has an effect but,in fact,the treatment has no effect.

The critical boundaries for a hypothesis test are z = +1.96 and 1.96.If the z-score for the sample data is z = 1.90,what is the correct statistical decision?

It is possible for a very small treatment effect to be a statistically significant treatment effect.

What is the effect of decreasing the alpha level (for example,from α = .05 to α = .01)?

A researcher expects a treatment to increase the scores for individuals in a population.The treatment is evaluated using a one-tailed hypothesis test,and the test produces z = +2.40.Based on this result,what is the correct statistical decision?

When is there a risk of a Type I error?

You complete a hypothesis test using  = .05,and based on the evidence from the sample,your decision is to fail to reject the null hypothesis.If the treatment actually does have an effect,which of the following is true?

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample from a population with a mean of  = 60.If the treatment is expected to increase scores and a one-tailed test is used to evaluate the treatment effect,then the null hypothesis would state that   60.

What is the consequence of a Type II error?

If a hypothesis test rejects the null hypothesis using an alpha level of α = .05,then the research report would include the statement,"p > .05."

For a hypothesis test evaluating the effect of a treatment on a population mean,what basic assumption is made concerning the treatment effect?

Which of the following is an accurate definition of a Type II error?

A researcher selects a sample of n = 25 from a normal population with µ = 40 and σ = 10.If the treatment is expected to increase scores by 3 points,what is the power of a two-tailed hypothesis test using α = .05?

The critical region for a hypothesis test consists of sample outcomes that are very unlikely to occur if the null hypothesis is true.

The power of a hypothesis test is the probability that the sample mean will be in the critical region even if the treatment has no effect.

What is the consequence of a Type I error?

If the research prediction is that the treatment will decrease scores,then the critical region for a directional test will be in the left-hand tail.

Even if a treatment has no effect,it is still possible to obtain an extreme sample mean that is very different from the population mean.What outcome is likely if this happens?

The value obtained for Cohen's d is independent of the sample size.

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

Probability and Samples:

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures and Two-Factor Anova

Correlation and Regression

Chi-Square Tests

Filters

Exam 8: Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

A Type II error occurs when a researcher concludes that a treatment has an effect but,in fact,the treatment has no effect.

The critical boundaries for a hypothesis test are z = +1.96 and 1.96.If the z-score for the sample data is z = 1.90,what is the correct statistical decision?

It is possible for a very small treatment effect to be a statistically significant treatment effect.

What is the effect of decreasing the alpha level (for example,from α = .05 to α = .01)?

A researcher expects a treatment to increase the scores for individuals in a population.The treatment is evaluated using a one-tailed hypothesis test,and the test produces z = +2.40.Based on this result,what is the correct statistical decision?

When is there a risk of a Type I error?

You complete a hypothesis test using  = .05,and based on the evidence from the sample,your decision is to fail to reject the null hypothesis.If the treatment actually does have an effect,which of the following is true?

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample from a population with a mean of  = 60.If the treatment is expected to increase scores and a one-tailed test is used to evaluate the treatment effect,then the null hypothesis would state that   60.

What is the consequence of a Type II error?

If a hypothesis test rejects the null hypothesis using an alpha level of α = .05,then the research report would include the statement,"p > .05."

For a hypothesis test evaluating the effect of a treatment on a population mean,what basic assumption is made concerning the treatment effect?

Which of the following is an accurate definition of a Type II error?

A researcher selects a sample of n = 25 from a normal population with µ = 40 and σ = 10.If the treatment is expected to increase scores by 3 points,what is the power of a two-tailed hypothesis test using α = .05?

The critical region for a hypothesis test consists of sample outcomes that are very unlikely to occur if the null hypothesis is true.

The power of a hypothesis test is the probability that the sample mean will be in the critical region even if the treatment has no effect.

What is the consequence of a Type I error?

If the research prediction is that the treatment will decrease scores,then the critical region for a directional test will be in the left-hand tail.

Even if a treatment has no effect,it is still possible to obtain an extreme sample mean that is very different from the population mean.What outcome is likely if this happens?

The value obtained for Cohen's d is independent of the sample size.

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

Probability and Samples:

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures and Two-Factor Anova

Correlation and Regression

Chi-Square Tests

Filters