Exam 1: Introduction to Statistics

________ are measured along a continuum at any place beyond the decimal point.

Statistical analysis allows researchers to

Qualitative data varies by ________;quantitative data varies by ________.

Only an experiment can demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships between variables.

A characteristic (usually numeric)that describes a sample is called a

Based on the following graphical summary display,what research design was used to record and analyze these data?

________ is the variable that is believed to change in the presence of the independent variable.

A social psychologist wants to study the expression of love toward a significant other among American family members.To study this behavior,the psychologist selects a group of local college students and has them complete a love survey.In this example,the group of local college students is the sample.

Children are randomly assigned to complete a low,moderate,or high difficulty task.The time (in seconds)it takes them to complete the task is recorded.In this example,the level of task difficulty is the dependent variable.

Which of the following describes a descriptive statistic?

Recording the number of dreams recalled is an example of ________ data;whereas recording the time (in minutes)spent in a dream stage of sleep is an example of ________ data.

In some cases,the number of participants in a sample can be greater than the number of persons in the population from which the same was selected.

A movie critic rates a movie on a scale from one (lowest)to four (highest)stars.What scale of measurement are the ratings?

Inferential statistics is used to determine if observations made in a sample are likely to also be observed in the population from which the sample was selected.

A researcher records the number of votes for each of five candidates running for class president.Based on her presentation of the following results,what type of statistics did she use?

A researcher records the number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week by students living on campus in rural and urban colleges.In this example,the number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week is the dependent variable.

Recording whom students study with describes ________ types of data;whereas recording the number of hours spent studying per week describes ________ types of data.

Each of the following is an example of quantitative data,except

State the four scales of measurement in order from least informative to most informative.

A researcher identifies college students as a group of interest to test her hypothesis.She then identifies a few local college students and selects a small group of the local college students to be observed.In this example,the sample is: