Question 1

What would be the predicted result of overpaying a piece-rate worker, according to the equity theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  quality will improve 
B)  quantity will increase 
C)  quality will degrade 
D)  quantity will decrease 
E)  the employee will leave the job 
A)  quality will improve 
B)  quantity will increase 
C)  quality will degrade 
D)  quantity will decrease 
E)  the employee will leave the job

Question 2

Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

If a manager incorrectly assumes that all employees want the same thing then according to the expectancy theory, it is most likely to result in a weak ________ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  performance-achievement 
B)  effort-performance 
C)  performance-reward 
D)  rewards-personal goals 
E)  effort-satisfaction 
A)  performance-achievement 
B)  effort-performance 
C)  performance-reward 
D)  rewards-personal goals 
E)  effort-satisfaction

Question 4

________ indicates how strongly peoples' reasons for pursuing goals are consistent with their interests and core values.

Accepted Answer

A)  Selective perception 
B)  Positivity offset 
C)  Cognitive dissonance 
D)  Emotional contagion 
E)  Self-concordance 
A)  Selective perception 
B)  Positivity offset 
C)  Cognitive dissonance 
D)  Emotional contagion 
E)  Self-concordance

Question 5

Evidence suggests that goals seem to have a more substantial effect on performance when tasks are novel rather than well learned.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The researcher who developed self-efficacy theory, Albert Bandura, proposes four ways self-efficacy can be increased. Which of the following is one of these four ways that involves becoming more confident because you see someone else doing the task?

Accepted Answer

A)  arousal 
B)  enactive mastery 
C)  focused training 
D)  vicarious modeling 
E)  verbal persuasion 
A)  arousal 
B)  enactive mastery 
C)  focused training 
D)  vicarious modeling 
E)  verbal persuasion

Question 7

The ________ theory is also called motivation-hygiene theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  hierarchy of needs 
B)  goal-setting 
C)  self-determination 
D)  cognitive evaluation 
E)  two-factor 
A)  hierarchy of needs 
B)  goal-setting 
C)  self-determination 
D)  cognitive evaluation 
E)  two-factor

Question 8

Some researchers have attempted to revive components of the need hierarchy concept, using principles from evolutionary psychology. Which of the following statements is true in this regard?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers propose that higher-level needs are the chief concern of immature animals or those with primitive nervous systems. 
B)  Researchers observe: lower needs are more frequently observed in mature animals with more developed nervous systems. 
C)  Researchers have noted distinct underlying biological systems for different types of needs. 
D)  Researchers observe that in time, these revisions to Maslow's hierarchy will definitely be useful to practicing managers. 
E)  Researchers have noted the presence of intricate social systems for different types of needs. 
A)  Researchers propose that higher-level needs are the chief concern of immature animals or those with primitive nervous systems. 
B)  Researchers observe: lower needs are more frequently observed in mature animals with more developed nervous systems. 
C)  Researchers have noted distinct underlying biological systems for different types of needs. 
D)  Researchers observe that in time, these revisions to Maslow's hierarchy will definitely be useful to practicing managers. 
E)  Researchers have noted the presence of intricate social systems for different types of needs.

Question 9

People who pursue goals for extrinsic reasons are more likely to attain their goals and are happy even if they do not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Jessica does not believe that the methods and processes for determining salary increases in her company are fair. As per this example, Jessica believes that there is a problem with the firm's ________ justice.

Accepted Answer

A)  interpersonal 
B)  distributive 
C)  associative 
D)  procedural 
E)  outcome 
A)  interpersonal 
B)  distributive 
C)  associative 
D)  procedural 
E)  outcome

Question 11

Discuss equity theory. Include the concepts of equity tension, referent comparisons, and how employees might reduce perceived inequity.

Accepted Answer

Employees make comparisons of their job

Question 12

In an example, a local church is made up of people who are very different in their lifestyles and their stages of life. Mary is a 23-year-old single parent who earns the minimum wage. Jonathan is 60 years old, extremely wealthy, and works because he enjoys it. Jane is a 45-year-old lawyer who earns well and is well-respected in her profession. She is extremely career-oriented and is proud of her achievements.
-Jane is likely to focus on which of the following levels of needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  esteem 
B)  growth 
C)  physiological 
D)  self-actualization 
E)  safety 
A)  esteem 
B)  growth 
C)  physiological 
D)  self-actualization 
E)  safety

Question 13

Differentiate motivators from hygiene factors.

Accepted Answer

Conditions surrounding the job such as q

Question 14

________ involves translating the organization's overall objectives into specific objectives for each succeeding level in the organization.

Accepted Answer

A)  Strategic planning 
B)  Management by objectives 
C)  Representative participation 
D)  Management buy-out 
E)  Management by exception 
A)  Strategic planning 
B)  Management by objectives 
C)  Representative participation 
D)  Management buy-out 
E)  Management by exception

Question 15

In an example, a local church is made up of people who are very different in their lifestyles and their stages of life. Mary is a 23-year-old single parent who earns the minimum wage. Jonathan is 60 years old, extremely wealthy, and works because he enjoys it. Jane is a 45-year-old lawyer who earns well and is well-respected in her profession. She is extremely career-oriented and is proud of her achievements.
-Which of the following do you think would motivate Jonathan the most?

Accepted Answer

A)  more vacation time 
B)  more responsibility 
C)  greater career growth 
D)  more money 
E)  a greater sense of inner peace 
A)  more vacation time 
B)  more responsibility 
C)  greater career growth 
D)  more money 
E)  a greater sense of inner peace

Question 16

James is a salaried employee whose job is to proofread legal documents. He discovers that he is paid substantially more than his colleagues, even though their jobs and performances are very similar. What is likely to be his reaction to this discovery according to the equity theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  He will feel a sense of achievement. 
B)  He will expect to be promoted shortly. 
C)  He will increase the quantity or the quality of documents he proofreads. 
D)  He will seek a position within the company commensurate with his pay. 
E)  He will begin to look for a better position outside of the company. 
A)  He will feel a sense of achievement. 
B)  He will expect to be promoted shortly. 
C)  He will increase the quantity or the quality of documents he proofreads. 
D)  He will seek a position within the company commensurate with his pay. 
E)  He will begin to look for a better position outside of the company.

Question 17

Describe the three key elements in the definition of motivation.

Accepted Answer

Motivation is defined as the processes t

Question 18

The concept of self-concordance proposes that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the factors that lead to job satisfaction are separate and distinct from those that lead to job dissatisfaction 
B)  employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it 
C)  individuals who pursue goals because of an intrinsic interest are more likely to attain their goals 
D)  people with high achievement need tend to be the best general managers 
E)  extrinsic rewards will reduce intrinsic interest in a task 
A)  the factors that lead to job satisfaction are separate and distinct from those that lead to job dissatisfaction 
B)  employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it 
C)  individuals who pursue goals because of an intrinsic interest are more likely to attain their goals 
D)  people with high achievement need tend to be the best general managers 
E)  extrinsic rewards will reduce intrinsic interest in a task

Question 19

Which of the following theories indicates the existence of a dual continuum?

Accepted Answer

A)  hierarchy of needs theory 
B)  self-determination theory 
C)  two-factor theory 
D)  cognitive evaluation theory 
E)  theory of needs 
A)  hierarchy of needs theory 
B)  self-determination theory 
C)  two-factor theory 
D)  cognitive evaluation theory 
E)  theory of needs

Question 20

Which of the following is not an ingredient common to all MBO programs?

Accepted Answer

A)  an explicit time period 
B)  participative decision making 
C)  interdependence of tasks 
D)  performance feedback 
E)  specification of the goal 
A)  an explicit time period 
B)  participative decision making 
C)  interdependence of tasks 
D)  performance feedback 
E)  specification of the goal

What would be the predicted result of overpaying a piece-rate worker, according to the equity theory?

Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards.

If a manager incorrectly assumes that all employees want the same thing then according to the expectancy theory, it is most likely to result in a weak ________ relationship.

________ indicates how strongly peoples' reasons for pursuing goals are consistent with their interests and core values.

Evidence suggests that goals seem to have a more substantial effect on performance when tasks are novel rather than well learned.

The researcher who developed self-efficacy theory, Albert Bandura, proposes four ways self-efficacy can be increased. Which of the following is one of these four ways that involves becoming more confident because you see someone else doing the task?

The ________ theory is also called motivation-hygiene theory.

Some researchers have attempted to revive components of the need hierarchy concept, using principles from evolutionary psychology. Which of the following statements is true in this regard?

People who pursue goals for extrinsic reasons are more likely to attain their goals and are happy even if they do not.

Jessica does not believe that the methods and processes for determining salary increases in her company are fair. As per this example, Jessica believes that there is a problem with the firm's ________ justice.

Discuss equity theory. Include the concepts of equity tension, referent comparisons, and how employees might reduce perceived inequity.

Differentiate motivators from hygiene factors.

________ involves translating the organization's overall objectives into specific objectives for each succeeding level in the organization.

James is a salaried employee whose job is to proofread legal documents. He discovers that he is paid substantially more than his colleagues, even though their jobs and performances are very similar. What is likely to be his reaction to this discovery according to the equity theory?

Describe the three key elements in the definition of motivation.

The concept of self-concordance proposes that ________.

Which of the following theories indicates the existence of a dual continuum?

Which of the following is not an ingredient common to all MBO programs?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Diversity in Organizations

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Perception and Individual Decision Making

Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Filters

Exam 7: Motivation Concepts

What would be the predicted result of overpaying a piece-rate worker, according to the equity theory?

Distributive justice refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to determine the distribution of rewards.

If a manager incorrectly assumes that all employees want the same thing then according to the expectancy theory, it is most likely to result in a weak ________ relationship.

________ indicates how strongly peoples' reasons for pursuing goals are consistent with their interests and core values.

Evidence suggests that goals seem to have a more substantial effect on performance when tasks are novel rather than well learned.

The researcher who developed self-efficacy theory, Albert Bandura, proposes four ways self-efficacy can be increased. Which of the following is one of these four ways that involves becoming more confident because you see someone else doing the task?

The ________ theory is also called motivation-hygiene theory.

Some researchers have attempted to revive components of the need hierarchy concept, using principles from evolutionary psychology. Which of the following statements is true in this regard?

People who pursue goals for extrinsic reasons are more likely to attain their goals and are happy even if they do not.

Jessica does not believe that the methods and processes for determining salary increases in her company are fair. As per this example, Jessica believes that there is a problem with the firm's ________ justice.

Discuss equity theory. Include the concepts of equity tension, referent comparisons, and how employees might reduce perceived inequity.

Differentiate motivators from hygiene factors.

________ involves translating the organization's overall objectives into specific objectives for each succeeding level in the organization.

James is a salaried employee whose job is to proofread legal documents. He discovers that he is paid substantially more than his colleagues, even though their jobs and performances are very similar. What is likely to be his reaction to this discovery according to the equity theory?

Describe the three key elements in the definition of motivation.

The concept of self-concordance proposes that ________.

Which of the following theories indicates the existence of a dual continuum?

Which of the following is not an ingredient common to all MBO programs?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Diversity in Organizations

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Perception and Individual Decision Making

Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Filters