Question 1

This figure shows four numbered river terraces,with 1 being the highest and 4 being the lowest.Which is the youngest terrace?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 D

Question 2

At which site along this stream would a cut bank form?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D C

Question 3

Which of the following is true about how a stream erodes material?

Accepted Answer

A) Abrasion is concentrated on the upstream side of obstructions. 
B) Turbulence of the water is less important than the temperature,which affects viscosity. 
C) Erosion occurs equally on two sides of a bend. 
D) Water cannot erode unless it is carrying sediment. 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) Abrasion is concentrated on the upstream side of obstructions. 
B) Turbulence of the water is less important than the temperature,which affects viscosity. 
C) Erosion occurs equally on two sides of a bend. 
D) Water cannot erode unless it is carrying sediment. 
E) All of these are correct. A

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT associated with braided streams?

Accepted Answer

A) an abundant supply of sediment 
B) a broad sediment-covered plain 
C) a range of sediment sizes,including sand and gravel 
D) cutoff meanders 
A) an abundant supply of sediment 
B) a broad sediment-covered plain 
C) a range of sediment sizes,including sand and gravel 
D) cutoff meanders

Question 5

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Accepted Answer

A) The onset of cold weather 
B) Failure of levees 
C) Intense precipitation 
D) Overgrazing 
E) Global warming 
A) The onset of cold weather 
B) Failure of levees 
C) Intense precipitation 
D) Overgrazing 
E) Global warming

Question 6

Which of the following features is NOT present along the Colorado River?

Accepted Answer

A) Delta 
B) Entrenched meanders 
C) Tributaries that start in high mountains 
D) Evidence for large prehistoric floods 
E) All of these are present. 
A) Delta 
B) Entrenched meanders 
C) Tributaries that start in high mountains 
D) Evidence for large prehistoric floods 
E) All of these are present.

Question 7

Which of the following is true about a delta?

Accepted Answer

A) A delta forms as channels merge and pile up sand. 
B) A river keeps forming a delta in the exact same position along a coastline. 
C) Deltas form some layers that are horizontal and form some that are inclined toward the ocean. 
D) The total amount of sediment carried by the river increases from the start to the end of the delta system. 
A) A delta forms as channels merge and pile up sand. 
B) A river keeps forming a delta in the exact same position along a coastline. 
C) Deltas form some layers that are horizontal and form some that are inclined toward the ocean. 
D) The total amount of sediment carried by the river increases from the start to the end of the delta system.

Question 8

The lowest notch shown on this figure is 9 meters wide and 5 meters high from its base.The river has a velocity of 1 meter per second when it fills the notch.Based on the accompanying graph,what is the probability each year that the notch will be filled to the top?

Accepted Answer

A) 90% to 95% 
B) 60% to 80% 
C) 40% to 45% 
D) Less than 40% 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) 90% to 95% 
B) 60% to 80% 
C) 40% to 45% 
D) Less than 40% 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 9

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity,sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in

Accepted Answer

A) a delta. 
B) an alluvial fan. 
C) a floodplain. 
D) All of these are correct. 
A) a delta. 
B) an alluvial fan. 
C) a floodplain. 
D) All of these are correct.

Question 10

In the accompanying hydrograph for a major river,a flood was caused by a single episode of heavy rainfall 50 kilometers upstream.When did the rain most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

A) At time A 
B) At time B 
C) At time C 
D) At time D 
A) At time A 
B) At time B 
C) At time C 
D) At time D

Question 11

A delta forms when

Accepted Answer

A) ocean waves,especially during storms,pile up sediment along the coast. 
B) a steep mountain front collapses sending sediment out into the sea. 
C) a river slows and deposits sediment as it enters a lake or sea. 
D) windblown dust slides down steep hillsides and into a lake. 
A) ocean waves,especially during storms,pile up sediment along the coast. 
B) a steep mountain front collapses sending sediment out into the sea. 
C) a river slows and deposits sediment as it enters a lake or sea. 
D) windblown dust slides down steep hillsides and into a lake.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about the formation and migration of meanders?

Accepted Answer

A) Most floodplains do not preserve evidence of the former position of meanders. 
B) Flow velocity is highest when water takes a shortcut around the inside of a bend. 
C) Meanders migrate inward as sediment is deposited on the inside bend. 
D) Migration of meanders back and forth can help form a floodplain. 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) Most floodplains do not preserve evidence of the former position of meanders. 
B) Flow velocity is highest when water takes a shortcut around the inside of a bend. 
C) Meanders migrate inward as sediment is deposited on the inside bend. 
D) Migration of meanders back and forth can help form a floodplain. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 13

What could cause a canyon to be deeper upstream than downstream?

Accepted Answer

A) The area upstream could be uplifted more than areas downstream. 
B) The area upstream is higher above base level and so results in deep erosion. 
C) A steeper gradient allows more erosion upstream. 
D) All of these are correct. 
A) The area upstream could be uplifted more than areas downstream. 
B) The area upstream is higher above base level and so results in deep erosion. 
C) A steeper gradient allows more erosion upstream. 
D) All of these are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following is not true about braided streams?

Accepted Answer

A) These streams form where the sediment is plentiful and dominated by clay and silt. 
B) The amount of sediment is close to or exceeds the stream's capacity to carry it. 
C) More than one channel can carry water and sediment. 
D) They can have a fairly straight overall path or gentle curves. 
A) These streams form where the sediment is plentiful and dominated by clay and silt. 
B) The amount of sediment is close to or exceeds the stream's capacity to carry it. 
C) More than one channel can carry water and sediment. 
D) They can have a fairly straight overall path or gentle curves.

Question 15

What does a profile of a river from its headwaters to its mouth typically show?

Accepted Answer

A) An increase in gradient downstream 
B) A straight-line profile reflecting a constant decrease in gradient 
C) An abrupt increase followed by a gradual decrease 
D) A curved shape that flattens out downstream 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) An increase in gradient downstream 
B) A straight-line profile reflecting a constant decrease in gradient 
C) An abrupt increase followed by a gradual decrease 
D) A curved shape that flattens out downstream 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 16

In the diagram below,the most likely place where sediment will be deposited on the streambed is at

Accepted Answer

A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D. 
A) A. 
B) B. 
C) C. 
D) D.

Question 17

Which of the following sediment sizes is likely to be transported mostly on the bottom of the stream bed?

Accepted Answer

A) Fine sand 
B) Sticky clay particles 
C) Pebbles and cobbles 
D) Dissolved materials 
A) Fine sand 
B) Sticky clay particles 
C) Pebbles and cobbles 
D) Dissolved materials

Question 18

How did the entrenched meanders shown in this figure form?

Accepted Answer

A) Rising seas flooded a meandering river valley. 
B) The land subsided and the river deposited sediment. 
C) A meandering river carved into the land due to uplift or falling base level. 
D) None of these are correct. 
A) Rising seas flooded a meandering river valley. 
B) The land subsided and the river deposited sediment. 
C) A meandering river carved into the land due to uplift or falling base level. 
D) None of these are correct.

Question 19

Construction of a dam results in

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in the total amount of water flowing downstream of the dam. 
B) increased erosion by clear water released from the dam. 
C) the dam releasing water that contains more sediment than carried by the river before the dam was constructed. 
D) increased erosion where the stream channel meets the reservoir. 
A) an increase in the total amount of water flowing downstream of the dam. 
B) increased erosion by clear water released from the dam. 
C) the dam releasing water that contains more sediment than carried by the river before the dam was constructed. 
D) increased erosion where the stream channel meets the reservoir.

Question 20

If a river originates 200 meters above sea level and travels 100 kilometers to the ocean,what is the average gradient in meters per kilometer?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.2 meters per kilometer 
B) 0.5 meters per kilometer 
C) 2 meters per kilometer 
D) 5 meters per kilometer 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) 0.2 meters per kilometer 
B) 0.5 meters per kilometer 
C) 2 meters per kilometer 
D) 5 meters per kilometer 
E) None of these are correct.

This figure shows four numbered river terraces,with 1 being the highest and 4 being the lowest.Which is the youngest terrace?

At which site along this stream would a cut bank form?

Which of the following is true about how a stream erodes material?

Which of the following is NOT associated with braided streams?

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Which of the following features is NOT present along the Colorado River?

Which of the following is true about a delta?

The lowest notch shown on this figure is 9 meters wide and 5 meters high from its base.The river has a velocity of 1 meter per second when it fills the notch.Based on the accompanying graph,what is the probability each year that the notch will be filled to the top?

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity,sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in

In the accompanying hydrograph for a major river,a flood was caused by a single episode of heavy rainfall 50 kilometers upstream.When did the rain most likely occur?

A delta forms when

Which of the following is true about the formation and migration of meanders?

What could cause a canyon to be deeper upstream than downstream?

Which of the following is not true about braided streams?

What does a profile of a river from its headwaters to its mouth typically show?

In the diagram below,the most likely place where sediment will be deposited on the streambed is at

Which of the following sediment sizes is likely to be transported mostly on the bottom of the stream bed?

How did the entrenched meanders shown in this figure form?

Construction of a dam results in

If a river originates 200 meters above sea level and travels 100 kilometers to the ocean,what is the average gradient in meters per kilometer?

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Exam 13: Streams and Flooding

This figure shows four numbered river terraces,with 1 being the highest and 4 being the lowest.Which is the youngest terrace?

At which site along this stream would a cut bank form?

Which of the following is true about how a stream erodes material?

Which of the following is NOT associated with braided streams?

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Which of the following features is NOT present along the Colorado River?

Which of the following is true about a delta?

The lowest notch shown on this figure is 9 meters wide and 5 meters high from its base.The river has a velocity of 1 meter per second when it fills the notch.Based on the accompanying graph,what is the probability each year that the notch will be filled to the top?

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity,sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in

In the accompanying hydrograph for a major river,a flood was caused by a single episode of heavy rainfall 50 kilometers upstream.When did the rain most likely occur?

A delta forms when

Which of the following is true about the formation and migration of meanders?

What could cause a canyon to be deeper upstream than downstream?

Which of the following is not true about braided streams?

What does a profile of a river from its headwaters to its mouth typically show?

In the diagram below,the most likely place where sediment will be deposited on the streambed is at

Which of the following sediment sizes is likely to be transported mostly on the bottom of the stream bed?

How did the entrenched meanders shown in this figure form?

Construction of a dam results in

If a river originates 200 meters above sea level and travels 100 kilometers to the ocean,what is the average gradient in meters per kilometer?

The Nature of Physical Geography

Energy and Matter in the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Motion

Atmospheric Moisture

Weather Systems and Severe Weather

Atmosphere-Ocean-Cryosphere Interactions

Climates Around the World

Water Resources

Understanding Landscapes

Plate Tectonics and Regional Features

Volcanoes,deformation,and Earthquakes

Weathering and Mass Wasting

Glaciers and Glacial Landforms

Coasts and Changing Sea Levels

Soils

Ecosystems and Biogeochemical Cycles

Biomes

Filters