Exam 9: The Nature of Knowledge

Which one of the following is a defining feature of the concept island?

Only one of the following is a true statement regarding the nature of knowledge in long-term memory. Which one?

The textbook describes Patricia Alexander's theory regarding the development of expertise. Which one of the following statements best characterizes Alexander's theory?

Which one of the following factors is likely to have the greatest influence in the development of a person's worldview?

Three of the following teaching strategies should help promote conceptual change. Which one will not?

Which one of the following illustrates an overgeneralization error? The concepts in question are italicized.

At least four distinct forms of encoding have been theorized to exist in long-term memory: • Encoding in terms of physical characteristics • Encoding in terms of actions • Encoding in terms of symbols • Encoding in terms of meanings For each of these four forms of encoding, a) explain how information is stored in long-term memory, and b) give an example to illustrate your explanation.

Each of the teachers below has students with misconceptions about the material they are studying. Three of the teachers are using strategies that should help their students correct these misconceptions. Which teacher is not using an effective strategy for changing misconceptions?

Which of the following most accurately describes information that was encoded in the form of a production?

Theorists conceptualize propositions as abstract entities but usually describe them in terms of words. This sentence: Susan gives her brother a big kiss. Reflects several propositions that are likely to be stored in long-term memory. Three of the statements below reflect propositions contained within the sentence. Which statement does not reflect a proposition contained within the sentence?

Describe what contemporary psychologists mean by the terms schema, script, personal theory, and worldview, and explain how each of these can influence learning and memory. Use concrete examples to illustrate your discussion.

Children's misconceptions about the world may come from a variety of sources. Which one of the following is not a likely source that theorists have identified?

After seeing many different examples of a dog, Joe begins to form an idea of what a typical dog looks like. This process best illustrates which one of the following views of concept learning?

Eight-year-old Mary was asked if the shark at the aquarium was a fish. She responded: "no, because that shark is too big to be fish". Kristen was not able to identify that the shark is a _______________ of fish.

Which one of the following is the best example of a symbol as psychologists define the term?

Which one of the following statements best describes the perspective known as theory theory?

Which one of the following is the best example of an abstract concept rather than a concrete concept?

Three of the following are common misconceptions that elementary or secondary students are likely to have. Which one is not commonly found?

Memory theorists believe that people encode information in long-term memory in a number of different ways. They also believe that:

Many of Mr. Henry's students have heard from family or friends that global climate change is a "hoax" perpetuated by certain politicians and policy makers. Mr. Henry is trying to convince them that, in fact, the earth's overall temperature is slowly rising and that, furthermore, the change is at least partly the result of human activity. The approach most likely to be successful in promoting conceptual change about climate change is to: