Question 1

With the textbook's discussion of competence and autonomy in mind, choose the teacher below who is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation in his or her students.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ms. Andre gives her students concrete suggestions about how to improve their expository writing. 
B)  Mr. Brooks reminds his students that the deadline for their research paper is a week from Friday. 
C)  Mr. Chambers praises his students for continuing to work quietly when he was called away from the classroom. 
D)  Ms. Dacono reminds her students, "You should know your multiplication tables by now." 
A)  Ms. Andre gives her students concrete suggestions about how to improve their expository writing. 
B)  Mr. Brooks reminds his students that the deadline for their research paper is a week from Friday. 
C)  Mr. Chambers praises his students for continuing to work quietly when he was called away from the classroom. 
D)  Ms. Dacono reminds her students, "You should know your multiplication tables by now."

Question 2

Three of the following are true statements about intrinsic and/or extrinsic motivation in instructional settings. Which one is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reminding students of how important good grades are will promote extrinsic motivation more than intrinsic motivation. 
B)  Compared to students who are extrinsically motivated, students who are intrinsically motivated are more likely to learn classroom material in meaningful and effective ways. 
C)  Extrinsically motivated students may sometimes exert only the minimal effort needed to complete classroom assignments. 
D)  Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are mutually exclusive: Students who have one are highly unlikely to have the other. 
A)  Reminding students of how important good grades are will promote extrinsic motivation more than intrinsic motivation. 
B)  Compared to students who are extrinsically motivated, students who are intrinsically motivated are more likely to learn classroom material in meaningful and effective ways. 
C)  Extrinsically motivated students may sometimes exert only the minimal effort needed to complete classroom assignments. 
D)  Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are mutually exclusive: Students who have one are highly unlikely to have the other.

Question 3

Relationships with peers are often foremost in 12-year-old Jonathan's mind and can have a huge impact on his emotional state. For example, when classmates treat him well, he's quite happy and self-assured, but when someone snubs him or makes fun of him, he becomes very depressed and thinks, "No one likes me." Which one of the following concepts related to motivation best explains Jonathan's significant mood swings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contingent self-worth 
B)  Self-handicapping 
C)  Self-actualization 
D)  Need for achievement 
A)  Contingent self-worth 
B)  Self-handicapping 
C)  Self-actualization 
D)  Need for achievement

Question 4

Janice finds playing the fiddle to be a wonderful outlet for self-expression. In terms of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Janice is striving to fulfill:

Accepted Answer

A)  Her need for self-esteem 
B)  Her need for esteem from others 
C)  Her need for self-actualization 
D)  Her love and belongingness needs 
A)  Her need for self-esteem 
B)  Her need for esteem from others 
C)  Her need for self-actualization 
D)  Her love and belongingness needs

Question 5

Marc loves playing ping pong. When he plays with a friend, he concentrates intently on the game and tries very hard to win. He experiments with different shots occasionally losing a game in the process) and eventually perfects a few shots that are extremely difficult for an opponent to return. With this information in mind, which one of the following is most likely to be true about Marc?

Accepted Answer

A)  He has a high need for a sense of identity. 
B)  He has a high need for approval. 
C)  He has a high need for achievement. 
D)  He has a high motive to avoid failure. 
A)  He has a high need for a sense of identity. 
B)  He has a high need for approval. 
C)  He has a high need for achievement. 
D)  He has a high motive to avoid failure.

Question 6

Which one of the following statements best describes motivation theorists' concept of autonomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reinforcing yourself when you do a good job 
B)  Believing that you have some choice about what you do 
C)  Deciding what kind of person you want to become 
D)  Knowing you can accomplish something if you just put your mind to it 
A)  Reinforcing yourself when you do a good job 
B)  Believing that you have some choice about what you do 
C)  Deciding what kind of person you want to become 
D)  Knowing you can accomplish something if you just put your mind to it

Question 7

Marion puts off doing a project for the science fair until she has so little time to do it that she cannot possibly complete a good project. Such behavior is most consistent with the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)  drive 
B)  trait anxiety 
C)  hot cognition 
D)  self-handicapping 
A)  drive 
B)  trait anxiety 
C)  hot cognition 
D)  self-handicapping

Question 8

Three of the following teachers are likely to enhance students' motivation to do well in the classroom. Which one is unlikely to do so?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mr. Avalon makes sure his classroom assessments are good measures of his classroom objectives. 
B)  Mr. Brandt is full of surprises; his students never know what he'll ask them to do next. 
C)  Mr. Cisneros sometimes asks his students to work together on group projects. 
D)  Mr. Dobson describes the terrible living conditions on the ships that brought African slaves to the New World during the 1600s, and the students become quite angry about how some of their ancestors behaved. 
A)  Mr. Avalon makes sure his classroom assessments are good measures of his classroom objectives. 
B)  Mr. Brandt is full of surprises; his students never know what he'll ask them to do next. 
C)  Mr. Cisneros sometimes asks his students to work together on group projects. 
D)  Mr. Dobson describes the terrible living conditions on the ships that brought African slaves to the New World during the 1600s, and the students become quite angry about how some of their ancestors behaved.

Question 9

Several teachers complain, "Our students just aren't motivated." Is it possible that these teachers are describing their students accurately?

Accepted Answer

A)  No, because virtually all students have motives of one kind or another. 
B)  Perhaps, but only if the teachers are working in the elementary grades. 
C)  Perhaps, but only if the teachers are working with high school students. 
D)  Perhaps, especially if the teachers are working in low-income school districts. 
A)  No, because virtually all students have motives of one kind or another. 
B)  Perhaps, but only if the teachers are working in the elementary grades. 
C)  Perhaps, but only if the teachers are working with high school students. 
D)  Perhaps, especially if the teachers are working in low-income school districts.

Question 10

Describe how learners' level of anxiety is likely to affect their learning and performance, being sure to include the concepts of facilitating anxiety and debilitating anxiety in your discussion. Then describe three strategies you might use to keep learners' anxiety at a productive level.

Accepted Answer

Learners' level of anxiety can have a si

Question 11

Drive reduction theory is no longer as popular as it was in early conceptions of motivation. Which one of the following research findings contributed to the demise of drive reduction theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Although drive reduction theory explains virtually all of rat behavior, it explains very little of human behavior. 
B)  For some organisms, drive is a physiological impossibility. 
C)  For human beings, so many drives exist simultaneously that it's impossible to completely satisfy them all. 
D)  Organisms sometimes behave in ways that increase rather than reduce drive. 
A)  Although drive reduction theory explains virtually all of rat behavior, it explains very little of human behavior. 
B)  For some organisms, drive is a physiological impossibility. 
C)  For human beings, so many drives exist simultaneously that it's impossible to completely satisfy them all. 
D)  Organisms sometimes behave in ways that increase rather than reduce drive.

Question 12

For which one of the following individuals is behavior clearly affected by an incentive?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alphonso gets wrapped up in a mystery novel and doesn't hear the doorbell ring. 
B)  Blake does several extra-credit projects to ensure his A in sociology. 
C)  Cecil smiles when his girlfriend gives him a new sweater. 
D)  Darren eats junk food even when he's not hungry. 
A)  Alphonso gets wrapped up in a mystery novel and doesn't hear the doorbell ring. 
B)  Blake does several extra-credit projects to ensure his A in sociology. 
C)  Cecil smiles when his girlfriend gives him a new sweater. 
D)  Darren eats junk food even when he's not hungry.

Question 13

Three of the following behaviors reflect the need for relatedness. Which one does not?

Accepted Answer

A)  As she studies for a physics exam, Christianne tries to think how she might apply physics in her own life. 
B)  Ashleigh and Diane pass notes back and forth during their math class. 
C)  Ted likes working with children and especially enjoys his volunteer activities with the Special Olympics. 
D)  Mike takes up smoking because he thinks it will make him look "cool." 
A)  As she studies for a physics exam, Christianne tries to think how she might apply physics in her own life. 
B)  Ashleigh and Diane pass notes back and forth during their math class. 
C)  Ted likes working with children and especially enjoys his volunteer activities with the Special Olympics. 
D)  Mike takes up smoking because he thinks it will make him look "cool."

Question 14

Whenever Elliot thinks about science, he also thinks about how much he likes science. Which one of the following statements best explains this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elliott's liking of science is an excellent example of Hull's theory that behavior strength = habit $\times$ drive. 
B)  In the brain, people's affective responses to topics may be closely connected to their knowledge about those topics. 
C)  Elliott's love of science suggests that he is a sensation seeker. 
D)  Elliott's strong interest in science reflects an interplay of hot cognition and self-conscious emotions. 
A)  Elliott's liking of science is an excellent example of Hull's theory that behavior strength = habit $\times$ drive. 
B)  In the brain, people's affective responses to topics may be closely connected to their knowledge about those topics. 
C)  Elliott's love of science suggests that he is a sensation seeker. 
D)  Elliott's strong interest in science reflects an interplay of hot cognition and self-conscious emotions.

Question 15

The four statements below describe effects that motivation may have on cognition and/or behavior. Three of the statements are accurate. Which one is not necessarily accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Motivation influences how information is mentally processed. 
B)  Motivation enhances memory for information irrelevant to the task at hand. 
C)  Motivation increases task persistence. 
D)  Motivation influences the choices that people make. 
A)  Motivation influences how information is mentally processed. 
B)  Motivation enhances memory for information irrelevant to the task at hand. 
C)  Motivation increases task persistence. 
D)  Motivation influences the choices that people make.

Question 16

Whenever Gisela has a fight with her boyfriend, she remembers the times he has treated her poorly. But later, when he sends her a dozen roses to apologize for hurting her, she remembers how thoughtful and caring he can often be. Gisela's change of heart can best be explained using the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)  sensation seeking 
B)  challenge as opposed to threat) 
C)  need to avoid failure 
D)  mood-dependent memory 
A)  sensation seeking 
B)  challenge as opposed to threat) 
C)  need to avoid failure 
D)  mood-dependent memory

Question 17

Which one of the following is the best example of hot cognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Learning a new strategy for solving a difficult problem 
B)  Realizing that you finally understand Einstein's law of relativity 
C)  Getting excited when you read about a possible cure for Alzheimer's disease 
D)  Having a mental block that interferes with your writing ability 
A)  Learning a new strategy for solving a difficult problem 
B)  Realizing that you finally understand Einstein's law of relativity 
C)  Getting excited when you read about a possible cure for Alzheimer's disease 
D)  Having a mental block that interferes with your writing ability

Question 18

Under some conditions, negative feedback can increase students' intrinsic motivation to perform school tasks. The four teacher statements below all present negative feedback. Choose the statement below that is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  "I know you have the ability to write a better essay than this, Janet. Let me give you some suggestions about what you might do differently next time." 
B)  "Yours is the lowest quiz score in the entire class, Bill. I want you to see if you can do better than at least half of your classmates next time." 
C)  "The German Club should be embarrassed about the mess it left in the cafeteria after school yesterday. Do you want the rest of the school to think that German Club members are slobs?" 
D)  "I'm not pleased with the projects that you students turned in yesterday. You should be ashamed of yourselves for not taking the assignment more seriously." 
A)  "I know you have the ability to write a better essay than this, Janet. Let me give you some suggestions about what you might do differently next time." 
B)  "Yours is the lowest quiz score in the entire class, Bill. I want you to see if you can do better than at least half of your classmates next time." 
C)  "The German Club should be embarrassed about the mess it left in the cafeteria after school yesterday. Do you want the rest of the school to think that German Club members are slobs?" 
D)  "I'm not pleased with the projects that you students turned in yesterday. You should be ashamed of yourselves for not taking the assignment more seriously."

Question 19

Juliana often tries to define who she is and what she stands for. For example, she sees herself as person who is attentive to other people's needs and well-being. With this information in mind, which one of the following is most likely to be true about Juliana?

Accepted Answer

A)  He has a high need for a sense of identity. 
B)  He has a high need for approval. 
C)  He has a high need for achievement. 
D)  He has a high motive to avoid failure. 
A)  He has a high need for a sense of identity. 
B)  He has a high need for approval. 
C)  He has a high need for achievement. 
D)  He has a high motive to avoid failure.

Question 20

Mr. Rawlins is faculty advisor for the high school service club. He attends every meeting, and he regularly provides the support students need to carry out their activities. During group discussions, however, he typically sits in the back of the room and offers advice only if club members ask for it or if he thinks the club's planned activities are in some way inappropriate. In taking this approach, Mr. Rawlins is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Promote debilitating anxiety 
B)  Decrease club members' sense of competence 
C)  Enhance club members' sense of autonomy 
D)  Reduce club members' interest in public service 
A)  Promote debilitating anxiety 
B)  Decrease club members' sense of competence 
C)  Enhance club members' sense of autonomy 
D)  Reduce club members' interest in public service

With the textbook's discussion of competence and autonomy in mind, choose the teacher below who is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation in his or her students.

Three of the following are true statements about intrinsic and/or extrinsic motivation in instructional settings. Which one is false?

Janice finds playing the fiddle to be a wonderful outlet for self-expression. In terms of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Janice is striving to fulfill:

Which one of the following statements best describes motivation theorists' concept of autonomy?

Marion puts off doing a project for the science fair until she has so little time to do it that she cannot possibly complete a good project. Such behavior is most consistent with the concept of:

Three of the following teachers are likely to enhance students' motivation to do well in the classroom. Which one is unlikely to do so?

Several teachers complain, "Our students just aren't motivated." Is it possible that these teachers are describing their students accurately?

Describe how learners' level of anxiety is likely to affect their learning and performance, being sure to include the concepts of facilitating anxiety and debilitating anxiety in your discussion. Then describe three strategies you might use to keep learners' anxiety at a productive level.

Drive reduction theory is no longer as popular as it was in early conceptions of motivation. Which one of the following research findings contributed to the demise of drive reduction theory?

For which one of the following individuals is behavior clearly affected by an incentive?

Three of the following behaviors reflect the need for relatedness. Which one does not?

Whenever Elliot thinks about science, he also thinks about how much he likes science. Which one of the following statements best explains this situation?

The four statements below describe effects that motivation may have on cognition and/or behavior. Three of the statements are accurate. Which one is not necessarily accurate?

Whenever Gisela has a fight with her boyfriend, she remembers the times he has treated her poorly. But later, when he sends her a dozen roses to apologize for hurting her, she remembers how thoughtful and caring he can often be. Gisela's change of heart can best be explained using the concept of:

Which one of the following is the best example of hot cognition?

Under some conditions, negative feedback can increase students' intrinsic motivation to perform school tasks. The four teacher statements below all present negative feedback. Choose the statement below that is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation.

Juliana often tries to define who she is and what she stands for. For example, she sees herself as person who is attentive to other people's needs and well-being. With this information in mind, which one of the following is most likely to be true about Juliana?

Perspectives on Learning

Learning and the Brain

Behaviorist Principles and Theories

Applications of Behaviorist Principles

Social Cognitive Theory

Introduction to Cognitivism

Basic Components of Memory

Long-Term Memory Storage and Retrieval Processes

The Nature of Knowledge

Cognitive Developmental Perspectives

Sociocultural Theory and Other Contextual Perspectives

Metacognition, Self-Regulated Learning, and Study Strategies

Transfer, Problem Solving, and Critical Thinking Chapter 13 Transfer, Problem Solving, and Critical Thinking Multiple Choice Questions

Cognitive Factors in Motivation

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Exam 14: Motivation and Affect

With the textbook's discussion of competence and autonomy in mind, choose the teacher below who is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation in his or her students.

Three of the following are true statements about intrinsic and/or extrinsic motivation in instructional settings. Which one is false?

Janice finds playing the fiddle to be a wonderful outlet for self-expression. In terms of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Janice is striving to fulfill:

Which one of the following statements best describes motivation theorists' concept of autonomy?

Marion puts off doing a project for the science fair until she has so little time to do it that she cannot possibly complete a good project. Such behavior is most consistent with the concept of:

Three of the following teachers are likely to enhance students' motivation to do well in the classroom. Which one is unlikely to do so?

Several teachers complain, "Our students just aren't motivated." Is it possible that these teachers are describing their students accurately?

Describe how learners' level of anxiety is likely to affect their learning and performance, being sure to include the concepts of facilitating anxiety and debilitating anxiety in your discussion. Then describe three strategies you might use to keep learners' anxiety at a productive level.

Drive reduction theory is no longer as popular as it was in early conceptions of motivation. Which one of the following research findings contributed to the demise of drive reduction theory?

For which one of the following individuals is behavior clearly affected by an incentive?

Three of the following behaviors reflect the need for relatedness. Which one does not?

Whenever Elliot thinks about science, he also thinks about how much he likes science. Which one of the following statements best explains this situation?

The four statements below describe effects that motivation may have on cognition and/or behavior. Three of the statements are accurate. Which one is not necessarily accurate?

Whenever Gisela has a fight with her boyfriend, she remembers the times he has treated her poorly. But later, when he sends her a dozen roses to apologize for hurting her, she remembers how thoughtful and caring he can often be. Gisela's change of heart can best be explained using the concept of:

Which one of the following is the best example of hot cognition?

Under some conditions, negative feedback can increase students' intrinsic motivation to perform school tasks. The four teacher statements below all present negative feedback. Choose the statement below that is most likely to promote intrinsic motivation.

Juliana often tries to define who she is and what she stands for. For example, she sees herself as person who is attentive to other people's needs and well-being. With this information in mind, which one of the following is most likely to be true about Juliana?

Perspectives on Learning

Learning and the Brain

Behaviorist Principles and Theories

Applications of Behaviorist Principles

Social Cognitive Theory

Introduction to Cognitivism

Basic Components of Memory

Long-Term Memory Storage and Retrieval Processes

The Nature of Knowledge

Cognitive Developmental Perspectives

Sociocultural Theory and Other Contextual Perspectives

Metacognition, Self-Regulated Learning, and Study Strategies

Transfer, Problem Solving, and Critical Thinking Chapter 13 Transfer, Problem Solving, and Critical Thinking Multiple Choice Questions

Cognitive Factors in Motivation

Filters