Question 1

Recent research suggests that it may not be energy intake that determines longevity as much as it is the

Accepted Answer

A)  composition of diet. 
B)  energy balance. 
C)  energy output. 
D)  balance of nutrients. 
A)  composition of diet. 
B)  energy balance. 
C)  energy output. 
D)  balance of nutrients. C

Question 2

Antioxidant supplements are not necessary and may actually be harmful.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Approximately how long would a person's life be prolonged if he or she did not start consuming a calorie-restricted diet until the age of 55 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 months 
B)  1 year 
C)  5 years 
D)  10 years 
A)  4 months 
B)  1 year 
C)  5 years 
D)  10 years A

Question 4

One way calorie-restriction may prolong life span is through reducing metabolic rate, which results in a reduction in

Accepted Answer

A)  available energy to fuel physical activity. 
B)  acidity of the body. 
C)  production of free radicals. 
D)  metabolic wastes that need to be dealt with. 
A)  available energy to fuel physical activity. 
B)  acidity of the body. 
C)  production of free radicals. 
D)  metabolic wastes that need to be dealt with.

Question 5

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which of the following health habits does NOT promote increased longevity?

Accepted Answer

A)  following a diet based on the USDA's food guidelines 
B)  tobacco use 
C)  engaging in at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity daily 
D)  maintaining a healthy weight and body composition 
A)  following a diet based on the USDA's food guidelines 
B)  tobacco use 
C)  engaging in at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity daily 
D)  maintaining a healthy weight and body composition

Question 6

The key to a successful calorie-restricted diet is to

Accepted Answer

A)  consume 1,000 or fewer calories per day. 
B)  consume a low-kilocalorie, high nutrient-dense diet. 
C)  exercise at least one hour each day while eating fewer calories than usual. 
D)  join a support group. 
A)  consume 1,000 or fewer calories per day. 
B)  consume a low-kilocalorie, high nutrient-dense diet. 
C)  exercise at least one hour each day while eating fewer calories than usual. 
D)  join a support group.

Question 7

If a person is unable to follow the restrictive plan of caloric-restricted (CR) diet then ________ can be used as an alternative practice.

Accepted Answer

A)  intermittent fasting 
B)  binge eating 
C)  high-protein diets 
D)  low-carbohydrate diets 
A)  intermittent fasting 
B)  binge eating 
C)  high-protein diets 
D)  low-carbohydrate diets

Question 8

Preliminary research studies suggest that a calorie-restricted (CR) diet can improve metabolic measures of health in humans and, therefore, may be able to extend the human life span.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

There is evidence that calorie-restriction can alter gene expression in ways that reduce the effects of aging.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Most of the members of the Caloric Restriction Society and the CRONies are males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

There are concerns that starting a calorie-restricted diet in early adulthood would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase muscle mass, thereby increasing energy reserves for times of severe caloric-restriction. 
B)  lower metabolic rate, thereby increasing the potential for storing excess energy as fat later in life. 
C)  decrease visceral fat, thereby decreasing energy reserves. 
D)  reduce bone density, thereby increasing risk of osteoporosis later in life. 
A)  increase muscle mass, thereby increasing energy reserves for times of severe caloric-restriction. 
B)  lower metabolic rate, thereby increasing the potential for storing excess energy as fat later in life. 
C)  decrease visceral fat, thereby decreasing energy reserves. 
D)  reduce bone density, thereby increasing risk of osteoporosis later in life.

Question 12

An evaluation of the impact of a calorie-restricted diet on health indicates only the calorie level of the diet and NOT the nutrient content that is critical to prolong life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following metabolic effects of caloric-restriction (CR) has NOT been reported in any of the human studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased energy expenditure 
B)  a decreased fat mass and lean body mass 
C)  decreased insulin levels and improved insulin sensitivity 
D)  decreased core body temperature and blood pressure 
A)  increased energy expenditure 
B)  a decreased fat mass and lean body mass 
C)  decreased insulin levels and improved insulin sensitivity 
D)  decreased core body temperature and blood pressure

Question 14

Although promising, research that could precisely study and measure the benefits of a calorie-restricted diet in humans may never be conducted because of logistical and ethical concerns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A calorie-restricted diet (CR) is defined as a diet containing 1,000 or fewer calories per day.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

On average, smokers die ________ years earlier than non-smokers.

Accepted Answer

A)  5-6 
B)  8-9 
C)  11-12 
D)  13-14 
A)  5-6 
B)  8-9 
C)  11-12 
D)  13-14

Question 17

Human growth hormone prevents heart disease and diabetes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Antioxidant supplements have consistently been shown to lower rates of death from heart disease and certain types of cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a calorie-restricted (CR) diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  The reduced metabolic rate results in a significantly lower production of free radicals. 
B)  The reduced caloric intake results in reduced oxidative damage to DNA and other cells. 
C)  Caloric restriction causes marked improvement in insulin sensitivity. 
D)  Calorie restriction results in decreased fat mass and increased lean body mass. 
A)  The reduced metabolic rate results in a significantly lower production of free radicals. 
B)  The reduced caloric intake results in reduced oxidative damage to DNA and other cells. 
C)  Caloric restriction causes marked improvement in insulin sensitivity. 
D)  Calorie restriction results in decreased fat mass and increased lean body mass.

Question 20

Maintaining an energy-restricted diet that is high in nutrients requires significant planning and preparation of most of your own meals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 29: searching for the Fountain of Youth

Recent research suggests that it may not be energy intake that determines longevity as much as it is the

Antioxidant supplements are not necessary and may actually be harmful.

Approximately how long would a person's life be prolonged if he or she did not start consuming a calorie-restricted diet until the age of 55 years?

One way calorie-restriction may prolong life span is through reducing metabolic rate, which results in a reduction in

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which of the following health habits does NOT promote increased longevity?

The key to a successful calorie-restricted diet is to

If a person is unable to follow the restrictive plan of caloric-restricted (CR) diet then ________ can be used as an alternative practice.

Preliminary research studies suggest that a calorie-restricted (CR) diet can improve metabolic measures of health in humans and, therefore, may be able to extend the human life span.

There is evidence that calorie-restriction can alter gene expression in ways that reduce the effects of aging.

Most of the members of the Caloric Restriction Society and the CRONies are males.

There are concerns that starting a calorie-restricted diet in early adulthood would

An evaluation of the impact of a calorie-restricted diet on health indicates only the calorie level of the diet and NOT the nutrient content that is critical to prolong life.

Which of the following metabolic effects of caloric-restriction (CR) has NOT been reported in any of the human studies?

Although promising, research that could precisely study and measure the benefits of a calorie-restricted diet in humans may never be conducted because of logistical and ethical concerns.

A calorie-restricted diet (CR) is defined as a diet containing 1,000 or fewer calories per day.

On average, smokers die ________ years earlier than non-smokers.

Human growth hormone prevents heart disease and diabetes.

Antioxidant supplements have consistently been shown to lower rates of death from heart disease and certain types of cancer.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a calorie-restricted (CR) diet?

Maintaining an energy-restricted diet that is high in nutrients requires significant planning and preparation of most of your own meals.

The Role of Nutrition in Our Health

Designing a Healthful Diet

The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients

Fats: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients

Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Nutrients Involved in Antioxidant Function

Nutrients Involved in Bone Health

Nutrients Involved in Energy Metabolism and Blood Health

Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Food Safety and Technology: Impact on Consumers

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: Pregnancy and the First Year of Life

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: Childhood to Late Adulthood

alcohol

cancer

cardiovascular Disease

diabetes

dietary Supplements: Necessity or Waste

disordered Eating

disorders Related to Specific Foods

the Fetal Environment: a Lasting Impression

fluid Imbalance

global Nutrition

obesity

osteoporosis

phytochemicals

vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

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