Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding active transport is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Active transport requires the cell to expend energy. 
B) Active transport uses ATP as an energy source. 
C) Active transport can move a solute against its concentration gradient. 
D) Active transport is driven by the concentration gradient. 
A) Active transport requires the cell to expend energy. 
B) Active transport uses ATP as an energy source. 
C) Active transport can move a solute against its concentration gradient. 
D) Active transport is driven by the concentration gradient. D

Question 2

ATP can be used as the cell's energy exchange mechanism because

Accepted Answer

A) ATP is a disposable form of chemical energy,used once and then discarded by the cell. 
B) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the formation of ATP from ADP. 
C) ATP is the most energy- rich small molecule in the cell. 
D) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the hydrolysis of high- energy phosphate bonds in ATP. 
A) ATP is a disposable form of chemical energy,used once and then discarded by the cell. 
B) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the formation of ATP from ADP. 
C) ATP is the most energy- rich small molecule in the cell. 
D) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the hydrolysis of high- energy phosphate bonds in ATP. D

Question 3

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work,it uses the energy released from a(n)reaction to drive a(n)reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) endergonic ...exergonic 
B) exergonic ...spontaneous 
C) exergonic ...endergonic 
D) spontaneous ...exergonic 
A) endergonic ...exergonic 
B) exergonic ...spontaneous 
C) exergonic ...endergonic 
D) spontaneous ...exergonic C

Question 4

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires and moves a substance its concentration gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) transport proteins ...against 
B) transport proteins ...down 
C) energy and transport proteins ...against 
D) energy and transport proteins ...down 
A) transport proteins ...against 
B) transport proteins ...down 
C) energy and transport proteins ...against 
D) energy and transport proteins ...down

Question 5

Most of a cell's enzymes are

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates. 
B) amino acids. 
C) proteins. 
D) lipids. 
A) carbohydrates. 
B) amino acids. 
C) proteins. 
D) lipids.

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding thermodynamics is false?

Accepted Answer

A) An automobile engine is a closed system because it does not exchange energy and matter with its surroundings. 
B) A single cell or the planet Earth could be a thermodynamic system. 
C) Thermodynamics is the study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter. 
D) An open system exchanges both energy and matter with its surroundings. 
A) An automobile engine is a closed system because it does not exchange energy and matter with its surroundings. 
B) A single cell or the planet Earth could be a thermodynamic system. 
C) Thermodynamics is the study of energy transformations that occur in a collection of matter. 
D) An open system exchanges both energy and matter with its surroundings.

Question 7

Osmosis can be defined as

Accepted Answer

A) the diffusion of water. 
B) active transport. 
C) the diffusion of a solute. 
D) the diffusion of nonpolar molecules. 
A) the diffusion of water. 
B) active transport. 
C) the diffusion of a solute. 
D) the diffusion of nonpolar molecules.

Question 8

Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that

Accepted Answer

A) kinetic energy can be converted into various forms of energy,whereas chemical energy can only be converted into heat. 
B) kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object,whereas chemical energy is the potential energy of molecules. 
C) chemical energy is a particular form of kinetic energy. 
D) kinetic energy is stored energy that has the potential to do work,and chemical energy is the energy of movement. 
A) kinetic energy can be converted into various forms of energy,whereas chemical energy can only be converted into heat. 
B) kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object,whereas chemical energy is the potential energy of molecules. 
C) chemical energy is a particular form of kinetic energy. 
D) kinetic energy is stored energy that has the potential to do work,and chemical energy is the energy of movement.

Question 9

Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely

Accepted Answer

A) force the cell to rely on ADP for energy. 
B) have no effect on the cell. 
C) result in cell death. 
D) force the cell to rely on lipids for energy. 
A) force the cell to rely on ADP for energy. 
B) have no effect on the cell. 
C) result in cell death. 
D) force the cell to rely on lipids for energy.

Question 10

In the reaction A -B + C + heat,

Accepted Answer

A) there is a net input of energy. 
B) the potential energy of the products is less than that of the reactant. 
C) the potential energy of the products is greater than that of the reactant. 
D) entropy has decreased. 
A) there is a net input of energy. 
B) the potential energy of the products is less than that of the reactant. 
C) the potential energy of the products is greater than that of the reactant. 
D) entropy has decreased.

Question 11

Plasma membranes are selectively permeable.This means that

Accepted Answer

A) the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others. 
B) anything can pass into or out of a cell as long as the membrane is intact and the cell is healthy. 
C) glucose cannot enter the cell. 
D) plasma membranes must be very thick. 
A) the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others. 
B) anything can pass into or out of a cell as long as the membrane is intact and the cell is healthy. 
C) glucose cannot enter the cell. 
D) plasma membranes must be very thick.

Question 12

Most of the functions of a cell membrane,including transport and enzymatic function,are performed by

Accepted Answer

A) proteins. 
B) phospholipids. 
C) cholesterol. 
D) glycolipids. 
A) proteins. 
B) phospholipids. 
C) cholesterol. 
D) glycolipids.

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding diffusion is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Diffusion occurs when particles spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where they are more concentrated. 
B) Diffusion requires no input of energy into the system. 
C) Diffusion occurs even after equilibrium is reached and no net change is apparent. 
D) Diffusion is a result of the thermal energy of atoms and molecules. 
A) Diffusion occurs when particles spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where they are more concentrated. 
B) Diffusion requires no input of energy into the system. 
C) Diffusion occurs even after equilibrium is reached and no net change is apparent. 
D) Diffusion is a result of the thermal energy of atoms and molecules.

Question 14

In the lab,you use a special balloon that is permeable to water,but not sucrose,to make an "artificial cell." The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water.Which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Sucrose will enter the balloon. 
B) Water will enter the balloon. 
C) Water will leave the balloon. 
D) Sucrose will leave the balloon. 
A) Sucrose will enter the balloon. 
B) Water will enter the balloon. 
C) Water will leave the balloon. 
D) Sucrose will leave the balloon.

Question 15

All cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane that is similar in and .

Accepted Answer

A) lucidity ...texture 
B) permeability ...content 
C) structure ...function 
D) thickness ...composition 
A) lucidity ...texture 
B) permeability ...content 
C) structure ...function 
D) thickness ...composition

Question 16

How does inhibition of an enzyme- catalyzed reaction by a competitive inhibitor differ from inhibition by a noncompetitive inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

A) Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of the enzyme; noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a different site. 
B) Competitive inhibitors bind to the enzyme reversibly; noncompetitive inhibitors bind to it irreversibly. 
C) Competitive inhibitors change the enzyme's tertiary structure; noncompetitive inhibitors cause polypeptide subunits to dissociate. 
D) Competitive inhibitors interfere with the enzyme; noncompetitive inhibitors interfere with the reactants. 
A) Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of the enzyme; noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a different site. 
B) Competitive inhibitors bind to the enzyme reversibly; noncompetitive inhibitors bind to it irreversibly. 
C) Competitive inhibitors change the enzyme's tertiary structure; noncompetitive inhibitors cause polypeptide subunits to dissociate. 
D) Competitive inhibitors interfere with the enzyme; noncompetitive inhibitors interfere with the reactants.

Question 17

A steer must eat at least 100 pounds of grain to gain less than 10 pounds of muscle tissue.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) that energy transformations are typically 100% efficient. 
B) the second law of thermodynamics. 
C) the first law of thermodynamics. 
D) that some energy is destroyed in every energy conversion. 
A) that energy transformations are typically 100% efficient. 
B) the second law of thermodynamics. 
C) the first law of thermodynamics. 
D) that some energy is destroyed in every energy conversion.

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Membrane proteins form junctions between cells. 
B) Membrane proteins serve as enzymes. 
C) Membrane proteins act as receptors to molecules like hormones. 
D) Membrane proteins transfer genetic information to the cytoplasm. 
A) Membrane proteins form junctions between cells. 
B) Membrane proteins serve as enzymes. 
C) Membrane proteins act as receptors to molecules like hormones. 
D) Membrane proteins transfer genetic information to the cytoplasm.

Question 19

You are adrift in the Atlantic Ocean,and,being thirsty,drink the surrounding seawater.As a result,

Accepted Answer

A) your cells become turgid. 
B) you quench your thirst. 
C) your cells lyse from excessive water intake. 
D) you dehydrate yourself. 
A) your cells become turgid. 
B) you quench your thirst. 
C) your cells lyse from excessive water intake. 
D) you dehydrate yourself.

Question 20

What is the basic difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) Exergonic reactions involve ionic bonds; endergonic reactions involve covalent bonds. 
B) Exergonic reactions release energy; endergonic reactions absorb it. 
C) Exergonic reactions involve the breaking of bonds; endergonic reactions involve the formation of bonds. 
D) In exergonic reactions,the reactants have less chemical energy than the products; in endergonic reactions,the opposite is true. 
A) Exergonic reactions involve ionic bonds; endergonic reactions involve covalent bonds. 
B) Exergonic reactions release energy; endergonic reactions absorb it. 
C) Exergonic reactions involve the breaking of bonds; endergonic reactions involve the formation of bonds. 
D) In exergonic reactions,the reactants have less chemical energy than the products; in endergonic reactions,the opposite is true.

Exam 5: The Working Cell

Which of the following statements regarding active transport is false?

ATP can be used as the cell's energy exchange mechanism because

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work,it uses the energy released from a(n)reaction to drive a(n)reaction.

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires and moves a substance its concentration gradient.

Most of a cell's enzymes are

Which of the following statements regarding thermodynamics is false?

Osmosis can be defined as

Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that

Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely

In the reaction A -B + C + heat,

Plasma membranes are selectively permeable.This means that

Most of the functions of a cell membrane,including transport and enzymatic function,are performed by

Which of the following statements regarding diffusion is false?

In the lab,you use a special balloon that is permeable to water,but not sucrose,to make an "artificial cell." The balloon is filled with a solution of 20% sucrose and 80% water and is immersed in a beaker containing a solution of 40% sucrose and 60% water.Which of the following will occur?

All cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane that is similar in and .

How does inhibition of an enzyme- catalyzed reaction by a competitive inhibitor differ from inhibition by a noncompetitive inhibitor?

A steer must eat at least 100 pounds of grain to gain less than 10 pounds of muscle tissue.This illustrates

Which of the following statements regarding membrane protein function is false?

You are adrift in the Atlantic Ocean,and,being thirsty,drink the surrounding seawater.As a result,

What is the basic difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions?

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

Dna Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

The Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

The Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure,growth,and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

The Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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