Exam 9: Camera and Computer Arts

Outline the history of the development of the camera from the earliest references to the camera obscura to the advent of color film. Emphasize the major differences that marked each new development in photography.

A major difference between the work of a "pure" or "straight" photographer, such as Alfred Stieglitz, and the work of a documentary photographer, such as Dorothea Lange, is

A(n) _________ is a director whose films are marked by a consistent, individual style, and is closely involved in conceiving the idea for the film's story and writing the script.

Man Ray created mysterious images, called _________, which looked like ordinary photographs but did not require a camera to record them.

Discuss the "auteur" in filmmaking and cite an example of a New Wave filmmaker. How do New Wave films depart from mainstream filmmaking?

Artists like Peter Campus became interested in video because

Artists primarily used the camera obscura to

Consider Lange's Migrant Mother. Identify the decade in which this photograph was made. Define and discuss the purposes of photojournalism, using the work of this photographer as an example of the process by which a photojournalist works to document not just a single image but an historical epoch.

The use by artists of the camera obscura (literally dark room) began in

Explain why you agree or disagree with these statements: a. "After all, painters and sculptors create forms; photographers only find and record forms." b. "Photography is the art form that best demonstrates a basic truth: artistry resides not in the hands, but in the head."

Discuss several techniques that a photographer might use to communicate the personality of the sitter as well as his or her appearance. How would painters or sculptors convey these same characteristics with the conventional tools of their media?

In 1878, Eadweard Muybridge photographed a galloping horse, and discovered that

Trace the history of debate over whether photography is a fine art. Analyze three photographs in relation to this debate, discussing the photographers' intentions and their relationship to this debate.

Compare and contrast the ways in which still photography, film, television, video, and computer technologies have transformed mass communications. Make specific reference to several recent examples of mass communication in which these technologies were used to convey messages through various types of images.