Question 1

A main criticism of teaching intervention with the contingency approach is:

Accepted Answer

A)   It may lead to resentment and rarely produces lasting behavior
B)   It is very individualistic and may not be aligned to corporate strategic objectives
C)   It may not encourage collaboration and spread of change across business units
D)   It may lead to over-focusing on individual work groups rather than on how they may operate as part of a larger, corporate collective B

Question 2

According to the text, which of the following is NOT a reason that the contingency approaches still remain less prevalent than the "one-best way" change management approaches.

Accepted Answer

A)   Contingency approaches are more ambiguous and require greater choice and decisions by managers about what type of change situation they are facing and therefore which avenue to pursue
B)   Contingency approaches may be less attractive in practice to senior managers who lack the skills to adopt differing modes of leading, depending upon the particular change circumstances
C)   Employing differing styles of change leadership may raise questions about credibility or sincerity with which staff view senior management actions, adopting different behaviors at different times, sometimes participative and sometimes directive
D)   Contingency approaches are often seen as futile because the end result will usually be the same regardless of the methodology and/or practices utilized by upper management D

Question 3

Defenders of OD criticize change management for all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   Adopting faddist, holy-grail solutions to client problems
B)   Proponents of change management have misrepresented the OD field
C)   Change managers sometimes view the consultant as an omniscient expert
D)   The need for a less people-focused perspective on organizations D

Question 4

A main criticism of socializing intervention with the contingency approach is:

Accepted Answer

A)   It may lead to resentment and rarely produces lasting behavior
B)   It is very individualistic and may not be aligned to corporate strategic objectives
C)   It may not encourage collaboration and spread of change across business units
D)   It may lead to over-focusing on individual work groups rather than on how they may operate as part of a larger, corporate collective

Question 5

Contingency approaches are still underpinned by the Director image, but do not claim to have a "one best approach" for all types of organizational change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

According to Huy's contingency approach, ____ intervention is orientation toward a medium-term, relatively fast-change perspective and often assisted by work design analysts who assist in changing work and operational systems.

Accepted Answer

A)   Commanding change
B)   Engineering
C)   Teaching
D)   Socializing

Question 7

____ change theorists and practitioners take an "it depends" approach in which style of change, especially the style of leadership is dependent on the scale of the proposed change and the readiness of the staff to receive it.

Accepted Answer

A)   Organizational
B)   Contingency
C)   Processual
D)   None of the above

Question 8

According to the text, which of the following is NOT an argument that change management has supplanted rather than extended OD as a new field?

Accepted Answer

A)   Change management is broader in scope than OD
B)   The change management consultant operates with technical knowledge and as part of a team, instead of the third-party facilitator role used by the classic OD practitioner
C)   Change management is contrasted with OD with respect to structural change in that change management assumes that new behaviors will emerge, whereas OD presents changing individual attitudes and ideas as a prelude to wider structural changes in the organization
D)   A review of the published literature reveals that since the mid-1990s OD has been written about far more extensively than change management

Question 9

____ are those individuals who legitimate or sanction organizational changes.

Accepted Answer

A)   Change strategists
B)   Change implementers
C)   Change recipients
D)   Gurus of change

Question 10

Common to the various change management approaches is that they provide multi-step models of how to achieve large-scale, transformational change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to Pettigrew, while utilizing the Processual Approach, the ___ stage entails signaling and spreading throughout the organization, through discussion and decision-making, the legitimacy of certain problems as requiring attention.

Accepted Answer

A)   Problem-sensing
B)   Development of concern
C)   Planning and acting
D)   Stabilizing change

Question 12

The first step in Kotter's Eight-Step Change Management Model is to develop the vision for change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The Processual Approach to viewing change is underpinned by the ____ image of managing change.

Accepted Answer

A)   Director
B)   Navigator
C)   Interpreter
D)   Caretaker

Question 14

While drawing on a number of OD's techniques, change management is said to have supplanted rather than extended OD as a new field.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a part of Ghoshal and Bartlett's interrelated transformational change phases?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reenergizing
B)   Rationalization
C)   Revitalization
D)   Regeneration

Question 16

According to Dunphy and Stace, ___ are situations in which there is constant change as a result of the organization adapting itself to external, environmental changes.

Accepted Answer

A)   Developmental transitions
B)   Focused transitions
C)   Charismatic transformation
D)   Turnarounds

Question 17

According to Nadler, which of the following is NOT one of the core elements that need to be managed during the transformation process involving discontinuous change?

Accepted Answer

A)   The need to manage organizational power
B)   The need to motivate people
C)   The need to manage the transition itself
D)   The need to document the transition for future purposes

Question 18

Nadler depicts discontinuous change as being a continuous cycle rather than a linear process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Processual approaches share an assumption with contingency theory in that both assume:

Accepted Answer

A)   Change unfolds differently over time and according to the context in which the organization finds itself
B)   Change should not and cannot be solidified
C)   Change should be seen as a series of linear events with a given period of time
D)   Change is inevitable and therefore strategic planning may be viewed as a massive waste of time and resources

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of Dawson's "lessons" of the processual approach?

Accepted Answer

A)   Simple, linear change recipes should be challenged
B)   Change takes time and is unlikely to entail continual improvement
C)   Political processes will be central to how quickly change outcomes occur
D)   Many assumptions can be taken for granted and time should not be wasted questioning these assumptions

Exam 8: Implementing Change: Change Management, Contingency and Processual Approaches

A main criticism of teaching intervention with the contingency approach is:

According to the text, which of the following is NOT a reason that the contingency approaches still remain less prevalent than the "one-best way" change management approaches.

Defenders of OD criticize change management for all of the following EXCEPT:

A main criticism of socializing intervention with the contingency approach is:

Contingency approaches are still underpinned by the Director image, but do not claim to have a "one best approach" for all types of organizational change.

According to Huy's contingency approach, ____ intervention is orientation toward a medium-term, relatively fast-change perspective and often assisted by work design analysts who assist in changing work and operational systems.

____ change theorists and practitioners take an "it depends" approach in which style of change, especially the style of leadership is dependent on the scale of the proposed change and the readiness of the staff to receive it.

According to the text, which of the following is NOT an argument that change management has supplanted rather than extended OD as a new field?

____ are those individuals who legitimate or sanction organizational changes.

Common to the various change management approaches is that they provide multi-step models of how to achieve large-scale, transformational change.

According to Pettigrew, while utilizing the Processual Approach, the ___ stage entails signaling and spreading throughout the organization, through discussion and decision-making, the legitimacy of certain problems as requiring attention.

The first step in Kotter's Eight-Step Change Management Model is to develop the vision for change.

The Processual Approach to viewing change is underpinned by the ____ image of managing change.

While drawing on a number of OD's techniques, change management is said to have supplanted rather than extended OD as a new field.

Which of the following is NOT a part of Ghoshal and Bartlett's interrelated transformational change phases?

According to Dunphy and Stace, ___ are situations in which there is constant change as a result of the organization adapting itself to external, environmental changes.

According to Nadler, which of the following is NOT one of the core elements that need to be managed during the transformation process involving discontinuous change?

Nadler depicts discontinuous change as being a continuous cycle rather than a linear process.

Processual approaches share an assumption with contingency theory in that both assume:

Which of the following is NOT one of Dawson's "lessons" of the processual approach?