Question 1

What event marks the end of the Piagetian stage of sensorimotor development?

Accepted Answer

A) the ability to do abstract thinking 
B) the ability to do reversible thinking 
C) the development of conservation 
D) the development of object permanence

Question 2

Tracy is nine months.She is growing and changing so quickly it is difficult for her parents to keep up with all the things she is learning.Her parents have lately noticed that Tracy is spending more and more time and energy trying to do things for herself.This is a sign she is beginning to develop

Accepted Answer

A) self-recognition. 
B) self-attention. 
C) a sense of attachment. 
D) a sense of self-awareness.

Question 3

The tendency for young children to seek closeness to certain people is called

Accepted Answer

A) caretaking. 
B) affiliation. 
C) social affinity. 
D) attachment.

Question 4

A characteristic that first shows up in the concrete operations stage is

Accepted Answer

A) irreversibility. 
B) abstract thinking. 
C) egocentrism. 
D) logical thinking.

Question 5

Linda adopted a 1-week-old baby named Ben.Over the course of a few years,Linda observed the following symptoms in Ben despite her attempts to provide him with a healthy environment: his physical growth was stunted,his eyes and mouth looked abnormal,and he had trouble keeping up intellectually with the other children in his kindergarten class.What substance was Ben likely exposed to in utero?

Accepted Answer

A) nicotine 
B) cocaine 
C) alcohol 
D) tetracycline

Question 6

According to Piaget,the stage of cognitive development between two and seven years of age,in which the individual becomes able to use mental representations and language to describe,remember,and reason about the world,though only in an egocentric fashion,is the __________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A) concrete operations 
B) preoperational 
C) sensorimotor 
D) formal operations

Question 7

Lawrence Kohlberg is noted for his theories of __________ development.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive 
B) social 
C) moral 
D) emotional

Question 8

In which stage of cognitive development does the conservation concept first appear?

Accepted Answer

A) formal operations 
B) concrete operations 
C) preoperational 
D) sensorimotor

Question 9

Five-year-old Tammy mistakenly believes that her short,wide glass contains less soda than her brother's tall,narrow glass.Actually,both glasses contain the same amount of soda.This illustrates that Tammy lacks the concept of

Accepted Answer

A) conservation. 
B) egocentrism. 
C) assimilation. 
D) object permanence.

Question 10

Nathan is trying to build a castle out of building blocks.At his current stage of cognitive development,he is unable to successfully construct this himself,but is receptive to learning the skill with the assistance of others.Which term proposed by Vygotsky best captures Nathan's developmental stage?

Accepted Answer

A) scaffolding stage 
B) concrete operations 
C) formal operations 
D) zone of proximal development

Question 11

According to Piaget,what are the ages for the formal operational stage?

Accepted Answer

A) birth to age two 
B) age two to seven 
C) age seven to eleven 
D) beyond age eleven or twelve

Question 12

Erik Erikson found that each stage in personality development has a particular

Accepted Answer

A) crisis. 
B) conflict. 
C) identity. 
D) anxiety.

Question 13

The __________ roughly resembles a human being.

Accepted Answer

A) zygote 
B) fetus 
C) embryo 
D) placenta

Question 14

A child learns that his father is called "Daddy." The next day,he calls his uncle "Daddy." Which term best captures this behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) assimilation 
B) accommodation 
C) equilibration 
D) egocentrism

Question 15

The strange situation procedure,in which researchers unobtrusively watch an infant in the presence or absence of several combinations of the child,caretaker,and stranger,is used to study

Accepted Answer

A) attachment. 
B) identification. 
C) dependence and independence. 
D) social smiling.

Question 16

A developmental psychologist presents the conservation-of-liquid task to groups of three-,five-,and seven-year-olds to measure the children's grasp of the concept of conservation.Which type of study is being described?

Accepted Answer

A) cross-sectional 
B) longitudinal 
C) case 
D) naturalistic

Question 17

According to Erikson,the last stage of development involves the crisis of

Accepted Answer

A) identity vs.role confusion. 
B) generativity vs.stagnation. 
C) autonomy vs.doubt. 
D) ego-integrity vs.despair.

Question 18

A child and her mother are walking through an aquarium.The child knows there are such things as fish,but has never seen a starfish before.Upon seeing one,she says "See the fishie." Which term best explains the child's comment?

Accepted Answer

A) assimilation 
B) accommodation 
C) egocentrism 
D) equilibration

Question 19

A developmental psychologist is interested in the trait of neuroticism and wants to study how the trait develops over a particular person's lifespan.Which term best characterizes this type of study?

Accepted Answer

A) longitudinal 
B) developmental 
C) cross-developmental 
D) cross-sectional

Question 20

The adage "Out of sight,out of mind" is most accurately applied to the early part of the _______ stage of development.

Accepted Answer