Question 1

According to the recency effect,if your father read you a list of 10 items to pick up at the hardware store,you would most easily recall items

Accepted Answer

A)  from early in the list.
B)  in the middle of the list.
C)  from the end of the list.
D)  that are most distinctive. C

Question 2

Jermaine sees a car accident and initially estimates the offending driver to be travelling at 60 km/hr.However,after hearing another witness's report of the cars "bumping into each other" and answering a police officer's questions about the rate of speed when the cars "made contact," he subsequently revises his estimate to 50 km/hr and his memory of the accident changes.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  retroactive interference.
B)  a flashbulb memory.
C)  imagination inflation.
D)  the misinformation effect. D

Question 3

Mariska's parents often tell the story about how she broke her arm when she was two,but Mariska has no memory of the event at all.She is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  anterograde amnesia.
B)  infantile amnesia.
C)  retrograde amnesia.
D)  hippocampal damage. B

Question 4

Adrianna is trying to memorize the names of the bones in the hand.She had gone through the whole list of them when her phone rang.After she gets off the phone,she is MOST likely to remember the first few bone names on the list because of the

Accepted Answer

A)  retroactive interference effect.
B)  recency effect.
C)  primacy effect.
D)  proactive interference effect.

Question 5

Ebbinghaus found that information is forgotten

Accepted Answer

A)  more rapidly as time goes by.
B)  gradually at first,then with increasing speed.
C)  quickly at first,then tapers off gradually.
D)  most quickly,one day after learning.

Question 6

Isla is studying French and Spanish for two upcoming exams.She starts by studying French and then moves on to studying Spanish.However,when Isla goes to write her Spanish exam,she finds she keeps remembering French words rather than Spanish words.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  retroactive interference.
B)  proactive interference.
C)  a shallow depth of processing.
D)  the recency effect.

Question 7

Based on research outlined in the textbook that describes the influence of emotion on memory,which of the following orders is correct,from most likely to be recalled to least likely to be recalled?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotionally positive;neutral;emotionally negative
B)  emotionally positive;emotionally negative;neutral
C)  neutral;emotionally positive;emotionally negative
D)  emotionally negative,emotionally positive,neutral

Question 8

Which of the following situations is most likely to create a flashbulb memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  watching a favourite movie for the second time
B)  playing tennis with a friend
C)  finding out that one's partner is pregnant
D)  attending a basketball game with one's father and grandfather

Question 9

A(n)__________ is an organized cluster of memories that constitutes one's knowledge about events,objects,and ideas.

Accepted Answer

A)  bias
B)  code
C)  implicit attitude
D)  schema

Question 10

Immediately after class,Indigo remembered the definitions she had just learned in her Psychology class.However,when completing a quiz a few days later,Indigo had trouble remembering most of the content.Which of the following is the most likely biological explanation for this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Indigo is suffering from hypothalamic damage.
B)  Long-term potentiation has occurred.
C)  Consolidation did not occur.
D)  Indigo is suffering from anterograde amnesia.

Question 11

Amahl just began teaching a new class.After having all the students list off their names,which ones is he most likely to forget?

Accepted Answer

A)  the names of students from the middle of the list
B)  the names of students at the beginning of the list
C)  the names of students at the end of the list
D)  any student names that were strange to him

Question 12

The Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory consists of ____________,which retain information,and ____________,which shift information from one type of memory to another.

Accepted Answer

A)  stores;episodic buffers
B)  control processes;central executives
C)  stores;control processes
D)  control processes;stores

Question 13

While studying about operant conditioning for his upcoming Psychology exam,Damien thinks about his job at the plastics factory.He realizes that he's paid on a fixed-ratio schedule.Personalizing the information in an effort to better retain it,is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the self-reference effect.
B)  elaborative rehearsal.
C)  state-dependent memory.
D)  context-dependent memory.

Question 14

As Katlin is learning a new language,she repeats the sound of the word over and over in her mind.Which component of working memory is primarily engaged during this task?

Accepted Answer

A)  phonological loop
B)  central executive
C)  episodic buffer
D)  visuospatial sketchpad

Question 15

The 'magical' number that describes short-term memory capacity is

Accepted Answer

A)  fifteen plus or minus seven.
B)  thirty plus or minus seven.
C)  seven plus or minus five.
D)  seven plus or minus two.

Question 16

Which memory system holds information about all surrounding stimuli present at a particular moment?

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term memory
B)  sensory memory
C)  working memory
D)  short-term memory

Question 17

Greg loves telling the story about how he met his boyfriend Asher while skydiving in New Zealand.In recalling how he and Asher first met,Greg is relying on his _______ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic
B)  nondeclarative
C)  procedural
D)  episodic

Question 18

The order of the basic memory processes in which information enters the memory system and is later used is

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding,retrieval,and storage.
B)  encoding,storage,and retrieval.
C)  acquisition,elaboration,and storage.
D)  acquisition,encoding,and retrieval.

Question 19

After you finish reading this sentence,the information will remain in your ________ as you consider each of the answers below.

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term memory
B)  echoic memory
C)  sensory memory
D)  working memory

Question 20

As Dominique reviews the vocabulary terms for her French class,she is most likely to experience the greatest degree of forgetting

Accepted Answer

A)  immediately after learning the new words.
B)  immediately after finishing the semester.
C)  immediately after taking the test.
D)  immediately before taking the test.

Exam 7: C: Memory