Question 1

Which of the following statements is consistent with Benjamin Whorf's proposal about language?

Accepted Answer

A)  Language does not influence our cognition and perception. 
B)  Grammatical aspects affect the way we think about the world. 
C)  Vocabulary and grammar do not affect the way we perceive things. 
D)  Language does not influence our perception of the world.

Question 2

Harriet purchases a cupboard for her kitchen. She assembles the cupboard by following a series of steps illustrated in the instruction manual. Which type of problem-solving strategy has Harriet adopted?

Accepted Answer

A)  algorithmic 
B)  heuristic 
C)  multitasking 
D)  intuitive

Question 3

________ thinkers generally assume that a correct answer always exists to problems and can be obtained through the senses or from authorities.

Accepted Answer

A)  Prereflective 
B)  Quasi-reflective 
C)  Semi-reflective 
D)  Reflective

Question 4

Which of the following statements defines basic concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are concepts that have a moderate number of instances and that are easier to acquire than those having few or many instances. 
B)  They are especially representative examples of another concept. 
C)  They are integrated mental networks of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations concerning a particular topic or aspect of the world. 
D)  They are made up of other concepts and express a single idea.

Question 5

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence, there are three kinds of intelligence. ________ intelligence refers to your creativity in transferring skills to new situations.

Accepted Answer

A)  Emotional 
B)  Componential 
C)  Experiential 
D)  Contextual

Question 6

In his research on stereotype threat, Claude Steele has revealed how cultural stereotypes influence test performance. Explain stereotype threat and the effects it has on test performance. Who typically experiences stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In his research on stereotype threat, Claude...

Question 7

Research on animals and language indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A)  dolphins are able to express an infinite number of novel utterances through whistles and other sounds. 
B)  bonobos seem to be able to produce original sentences through a variety of grunts and screeches. 
C)  humans are the only species that evolved with the natural ability to express and comprehend an infinite number of novel utterances. 
D)  nonhuman animals don't have their own languages, but clearly demonstrate human-like abilities when taught to communicate.

Question 8

In Chapter 1, we learned that the media and the public persist in equating "psychologist" with "psychotherapist." How does the concept of prototypes, discussed in Chapter 9 (Thinking and Intelligence), help to explain this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Chapter 1, we learned that the...

Question 9

People who are ________ thinkers generally understand that some things can never be known with certainty, but they also understand that some judgments are more valid than others.

Accepted Answer

A)  prereflective 
B)  quasi-reflective 
C)  semi-reflective 
D)  reflective

Question 10

Dallas is a 10-year-old boy who has a mental age of 8 years. His IQ would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  80. 
B)  100. 
C)  125. 
D)  130.

Question 11

The process of drawing conclusions or inferences from facts, observations, or assumptions is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  reasoning. 
B)  framing. 
C)  reflective judgment. 
D)  prereflective thinking.

Question 12

_______________ intelligence refers to the practical application of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Creative 
B)  Componential 
C)  Contextual 
D)  Experiential

Question 13

Between World War I and the 1960s, the intelligence tests developed for use in schools favoured:

Accepted Answer

A)  white children over nonwhite children. 
B)  rural children over city children. 
C)  poor children over middle-class children. 
D)  extroverted children over introverted children.

Question 14

Dr. Tremblay is studying IQ, self-discipline, gender, and academic performance in ninth-grade students. Which correlation will likely be the most significant in her study?

Accepted Answer

A)  the correlation between self-discipline and academic performance 
B)  the correlation between IQ and academic performance 
C)  the correlation between self-discipline and IQ 
D)  the correlation between gender and IQ

Question 15

________ intelligence is the ability to identify your own and other people's emotions accurately, express your emotions clearly, and regulate emotions in yourself and others.

Accepted Answer

A)  Componential 
B)  Emotional 
C)  Contextual 
D)  Experiential

Question 16

When Wolfgang Köhler put chimpanzees in situations in which tempting bananas were just out of reach, he found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  almost all of the apes figured out a way to reach the bananas. 
B)  many of the apes showed humanlike emotions and advanced cognitive abilities. 
C)  the apes performed impressive gymnastic maneuvers to get the bananas but did not use tools. 
D)  apes often sat quietly for a while and then seemed to have sudden insight into a solution.

Question 17

In a study discussed in your textbook, researchers studied the reactions of people who were about to use a photocopier when a researcher approached and asked to be allowed to use it first. One of three different requests was made:
- "Excuse me; may I use the Xerox machine?"
- "Excuse me; may I use the Xerox machine, because I have to make copies?"
- "Excuse me; may I use the Xerox machine, because I'm in a rush?"
How did the individuals typically respond to these requests? How were these results interpreted in our textbook?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a study discussed in your textbook,...

Question 18

In the early 1900s, at the request of the French Ministry of Education, Alfred Binet constructed a testing instrument that eventually became the first widely used intelligence test. For what purpose was the test developed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the early 1900s, at the request...

Question 19

Research on animals and language indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A)  dolphins are able to express an infinite number of novel utterances through whistles and other sounds. 
B)  bonobos seem to be able to produce original sentences through a variety of grunts and screeches. 
C)  humans are the only species that evolved with the natural ability to express and comprehend an infinite number of novel utterances. 
D)  nonhuman animals don't have their own languages, but clearly demonstrate human-like abilities when taught to communicate.

Question 20

___________ intelligence refers to the practical application of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Creative 
B)  Componential 
C)  Contextual 
D)  Experiential

Exam 9: Thinking and Intelligence

Which of the following statements is consistent with Benjamin Whorf's proposal about language?

Harriet purchases a cupboard for her kitchen. She assembles the cupboard by following a series of steps illustrated in the instruction manual. Which type of problem-solving strategy has Harriet adopted?

________ thinkers generally assume that a correct answer always exists to problems and can be obtained through the senses or from authorities.

Which of the following statements defines basic concepts?

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence, there are three kinds of intelligence. ________ intelligence refers to your creativity in transferring skills to new situations.

In his research on stereotype threat, Claude Steele has revealed how cultural stereotypes influence test performance. Explain stereotype threat and the effects it has on test performance. Who typically experiences stereotype threat?

Research on animals and language indicates that:

In Chapter 1, we learned that the media and the public persist in equating "psychologist" with "psychotherapist." How does the concept of prototypes, discussed in Chapter 9 (Thinking and Intelligence), help to explain this phenomenon?

People who are ________ thinkers generally understand that some things can never be known with certainty, but they also understand that some judgments are more valid than others.

Dallas is a 10-year-old boy who has a mental age of 8 years. His IQ would be:

The process of drawing conclusions or inferences from facts, observations, or assumptions is called:

_______________ intelligence refers to the practical application of intelligence.

Between World War I and the 1960s, the intelligence tests developed for use in schools favoured:

Dr. Tremblay is studying IQ, self-discipline, gender, and academic performance in ninth-grade students. Which correlation will likely be the most significant in her study?

________ intelligence is the ability to identify your own and other people's emotions accurately, express your emotions clearly, and regulate emotions in yourself and others.

When Wolfgang Köhler put chimpanzees in situations in which tempting bananas were just out of reach, he found that:

In the early 1900s, at the request of the French Ministry of Education, Alfred Binet constructed a testing instrument that eventually became the first widely used intelligence test. For what purpose was the test developed?

Research on animals and language indicates that:

___________ intelligence refers to the practical application of intelligence.