Question 1

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence, there are three kinds of intelligence. ________ intelligence refers to the information processing strategies you draw on when you are thinking intelligently about a problem.

Accepted Answer

A)  Creative 
B)  Componential 
C)  Contextual 
D)  Experiential

Question 2

When people have strong feelings on an issue, they usually try to consider all of the information relevant to that issue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence, there are three kinds of intelligence. ________ intelligence refers to your creativity in transferring skills to new situations.

Accepted Answer

A)  Emotional 
B)  Componential 
C)  Experiential 
D)  Contextual

Question 4

Tracy does not have an unusually high IQ, but at work she is quickly promoted because she knows how to set priorities, communicate with management, and make others feel valued. Tracy has ___________ knowledge about how to succeed on the job.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tracy does not have an unusually high...

Question 5

A quasi-reflective thinker would be most likely to say that:

Accepted Answer

A)  because knowledge is uncertain, any judgment about the evidence is purely subjective. 
B)  a correct answer exists for every problem. 
C)  some judgments are more valid than others due to their logical consistency. 
D)  decisions should be based solely upon what you can see with your own two eyes.

Question 6

Peter's mental representation of Thanksgiving includes associations about turkeys, attitudes toward the holiday, and expectations about the weight he would gain! These are all part of his ________ for the holiday.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive schema 
B)  heuristic 
C)  hindsight bias 
D)  algorithm

Question 7

Between World War I and the 1960s, the intelligence tests developed for use in schools favored:

Accepted Answer

A)  white children over nonwhite children. 
B)  rural children over city children. 
C)  poor children over middle-class children. 
D)  extroverted children over introverted children.

Question 8

Standardized intelligence tests tell us little about how a person goes about solving problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Bernard shows off his vocabulary and book smarts when he is writing a paper for his English professor. When he is talking with the people who live in his working-class neighborhood, he avoids using words that most people don't know. Bernard's ability to alter the way he communicates to fit different environments and situations demonstrates his ___________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  analytical 
B)  componential 
C)  experiential 
D)  contextual

Question 10

________ is the capacity to reason and use information to solve problems. It is relatively independent of a person's education.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluid intelligence 
B)  The g factor 
C)  Crystallized intelligence 
D)  Metacognition

Question 11

Tacit knowledge refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  strategies for success that are not explicitly taught but instead must be inferred. 
B)  the knowledge of one's own cognitive processes and how they can be used effectively. 
C)  recognition that a problem exists and selection of a strategy based on previously acquired knowledge. 
D)  learning new knowledge quickly so that one can cope effectively with novel situations.

Question 12

________ refers to the cognitive skills and specific knowledge acquired over a lifetime; it is heavily dependent on education and tends to remain stable over time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluid intelligence 
B)  Working memory 
C)  Crystallized intelligence 
D)  Metacognition

Question 13

The ________ is the tendency for people's choices to be affected by how a choice is presented, such as whether it is worded in terms of potential losses or gains.

Accepted Answer

A)  availability heuristic 
B)  affect heuristic 
C)  hindsight bias 
D)  framing effect

Question 14

Diana and Erin are not able to figure out how they can fit two cupboards, a futon, a computer, and a refrigerator into their small dorm room. Just when it seems hopeless, Erin says, "Aha, I've got it!" and begins moving the items around. Erin's sudden revelation is most likely due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  simplifying the process by imagining a prototype of a college dorm room and then making a decision based on the prototype. 
B)  clues that triggered nonconscious processing about the room arrangement followed by conscious awareness of the solution. 
C)  subconscious processing and automatic routines that she has learned so that she can perform them without thinking. 
D)  the ability to multitask in an efficient manner.

Question 15

________ refers to a complex capacity that enables you to manipulate information retrieved from long-term memory and interpret it appropriately for a given task.

Accepted Answer

A)  Tacit knowledge 
B)  Working memory 
C)  Metacognition 
D)  Emotional intelligence

Question 16

Which of the following statements is consistent with Benjamin Whorf's proposal about language?

Accepted Answer

A)  Language does not influence our cognition and perception. 
B)  Grammatical aspects affect the way we think about the world. 
C)  Vocabulary and grammar do not affect the way we perceive things. 
D)  Language does not influence our perception of the world.

Question 17

Which statement is true about the mindless processing of information?

Accepted Answer

A)  We would be better off if we eliminated mindlessness completely from our lives. 
B)  It is usually the best way to perform a task, because it allows us to operate on "automatic pilot." 
C)  It has little effect on behavior because the processing goes on outside of awareness. 
D)  It has benefits, but also can lead to mishaps and serious errors.

Question 18

Japanese schoolteachers and students are much more likely than their American counterparts to believe that the secret to doing well in math is working hard.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

_______________ intelligence refers to the practical application of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Creative 
B)  Componential 
C)  Contextual 
D)  Experiential

Question 20

Confirmation bias explains why so many people hold on to a belief when evidence exists that demonstrates the belief is wrong.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Thinking and Intelligence

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence, there are three kinds of intelligence. ________ intelligence refers to the information processing strategies you draw on when you are thinking intelligently about a problem.

When people have strong feelings on an issue, they usually try to consider all of the information relevant to that issue.

According to the triarchic theory of intelligence, there are three kinds of intelligence. ________ intelligence refers to your creativity in transferring skills to new situations.

Tracy does not have an unusually high IQ, but at work she is quickly promoted because she knows how to set priorities, communicate with management, and make others feel valued. Tracy has ___________ knowledge about how to succeed on the job.

A quasi-reflective thinker would be most likely to say that:

Peter's mental representation of Thanksgiving includes associations about turkeys, attitudes toward the holiday, and expectations about the weight he would gain! These are all part of his ________ for the holiday.

Between World War I and the 1960s, the intelligence tests developed for use in schools favored:

Standardized intelligence tests tell us little about how a person goes about solving problems.

________ is the capacity to reason and use information to solve problems. It is relatively independent of a person's education.

Tacit knowledge refers to:

________ refers to the cognitive skills and specific knowledge acquired over a lifetime; it is heavily dependent on education and tends to remain stable over time.

The ________ is the tendency for people's choices to be affected by how a choice is presented, such as whether it is worded in terms of potential losses or gains.

Diana and Erin are not able to figure out how they can fit two cupboards, a futon, a computer, and a refrigerator into their small dorm room. Just when it seems hopeless, Erin says, "Aha, I've got it!" and begins moving the items around. Erin's sudden revelation is most likely due to:

________ refers to a complex capacity that enables you to manipulate information retrieved from long-term memory and interpret it appropriately for a given task.

Which of the following statements is consistent with Benjamin Whorf's proposal about language?

Which statement is true about the mindless processing of information?

Japanese schoolteachers and students are much more likely than their American counterparts to believe that the secret to doing well in math is working hard.

_______________ intelligence refers to the practical application of intelligence.

Confirmation bias explains why so many people hold on to a belief when evidence exists that demonstrates the belief is wrong.